Richard M. O'Meara is a retired Brigadier General and professor who teaches in the areas of global and homeland security affairs. He has a PhD from Rutgers University and a JD from Fordham University. O'Meara has over 20 years of experience teaching courses related to war crimes, intelligence, and international law. He has traveled extensively to many countries to teach rule of law and governance issues to both civilian and military groups. His research focuses on developing curricula to strengthen developing nations and the ethical use of emerging military technologies like robotics.
Humanitarianism & War on Terror
INR 3403| Jessy Abouarab
The first use in English of the term 'terrorism' occurred during the French Revolution's Reign of Terror, when the Jacobins, who ruled the revolutionary state, employed violence, including mass executions by guillotine, to compel obedience to the state and intimidate regime enemies.
The association of the term only with state violence and intimidation lasted until the mid-19th century, That’s when it began to be associated with non-governmental groups
What is Terrorism?
The use of terror is not a new phenomenon,
a means to achieve political ends
but as we know it has recently acquired a new intensity.
In many cases, terrorists deliberately choose targets as a means of pressurizing governments of the state against certain actions. So its usually a political message.
2
anarchism
Anarchism, often in league with rising nationalism and anti-monarchism, was the most prominent ideology linked with terrorism.
Near the end of the 19th century, anarchist groups or individuals committed assassinations of a Russian Tsar and contestably a U.S. President.
In the 20th century terrorism continued to be associated with a vast array of anarchist, socialist, fascist and nationalist groups, many of them engaged in 'third world' anti-colonial struggles.
Insert a picture illustrating a season in your country.
3
What changed on September the 11th?
On 9/11, America..
Realized that al Qaeda was more than a criminal threat and enterprise.
That the network of Al Qaeda and the Taliban posed a dangerous threat and amassed a capability to attack the US on its own soil.
That counter-terrorism and anti-terrorism efforts required a comprehensive use of all US resources – it was not a law enforcement problem alone.
The Global war on Terrorism
The United States, its allies, and the world recognized that the threat posed by al Qaeda, the acts perpetrated against the US, were acts of war…
NATO invoked Article V of the treaty; the collective defense provision.
ANZUS collective defense provisions invoked.
OAS offers assistance..
Rio Treaty
On October 7 – the United States uses military force against those who attacked it.
A coalition of more than 40 countries joined the US in Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF).
OEF remains active as elements of the Taliban and al Qaeda network attempt to destroy the Karzai government and attack US forces in Afghanistan.
problems identified with terrorism
Definition:
How widely should the offence be defined?
What do they mean by Political Message
Are the motives and intentions behind the attack relevant?
What is the Relationship between terrorism and Use of force by state?
What is the Relationship between terrorism and Human rights?
Insert a picture of an animal and or plant found in your country.
The first major concern is that of definition.
how widely should the offence be defined?
for instance should attacks against property as well as attacks upon perso ...
In this presentation, I will try to achieve 4 objectives.
I will discuss that there seems to be some emerging consensus on the scope of “Human Security.”
I will show the complementarity between the “State Security” and “Human Security.”
I will explain that a “Human Security Approach” offers us a useful framework to assess & analyze the multiple threats that vulnerable people face.
I will discuss that this multidisciplinary “Human Security Approach,” overcoming academic compartmentalization in “delivering as one,” is effective in narrowing the gap through the dual strategies of empowerment and protection.
This work was presented during the II Workshop on Medical Anthropology in Rome, on October 14th - 15th 2011.
Humanitarianism & War on Terror
INR 3403| Jessy Abouarab
The first use in English of the term 'terrorism' occurred during the French Revolution's Reign of Terror, when the Jacobins, who ruled the revolutionary state, employed violence, including mass executions by guillotine, to compel obedience to the state and intimidate regime enemies.
The association of the term only with state violence and intimidation lasted until the mid-19th century, That’s when it began to be associated with non-governmental groups
What is Terrorism?
The use of terror is not a new phenomenon,
a means to achieve political ends
but as we know it has recently acquired a new intensity.
In many cases, terrorists deliberately choose targets as a means of pressurizing governments of the state against certain actions. So its usually a political message.
2
anarchism
Anarchism, often in league with rising nationalism and anti-monarchism, was the most prominent ideology linked with terrorism.
Near the end of the 19th century, anarchist groups or individuals committed assassinations of a Russian Tsar and contestably a U.S. President.
In the 20th century terrorism continued to be associated with a vast array of anarchist, socialist, fascist and nationalist groups, many of them engaged in 'third world' anti-colonial struggles.
Insert a picture illustrating a season in your country.
3
What changed on September the 11th?
On 9/11, America..
Realized that al Qaeda was more than a criminal threat and enterprise.
That the network of Al Qaeda and the Taliban posed a dangerous threat and amassed a capability to attack the US on its own soil.
That counter-terrorism and anti-terrorism efforts required a comprehensive use of all US resources – it was not a law enforcement problem alone.
The Global war on Terrorism
The United States, its allies, and the world recognized that the threat posed by al Qaeda, the acts perpetrated against the US, were acts of war…
NATO invoked Article V of the treaty; the collective defense provision.
ANZUS collective defense provisions invoked.
OAS offers assistance..
Rio Treaty
On October 7 – the United States uses military force against those who attacked it.
A coalition of more than 40 countries joined the US in Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF).
OEF remains active as elements of the Taliban and al Qaeda network attempt to destroy the Karzai government and attack US forces in Afghanistan.
problems identified with terrorism
Definition:
How widely should the offence be defined?
What do they mean by Political Message
Are the motives and intentions behind the attack relevant?
What is the Relationship between terrorism and Use of force by state?
What is the Relationship between terrorism and Human rights?
Insert a picture of an animal and or plant found in your country.
The first major concern is that of definition.
how widely should the offence be defined?
for instance should attacks against property as well as attacks upon perso ...
In this presentation, I will try to achieve 4 objectives.
I will discuss that there seems to be some emerging consensus on the scope of “Human Security.”
I will show the complementarity between the “State Security” and “Human Security.”
I will explain that a “Human Security Approach” offers us a useful framework to assess & analyze the multiple threats that vulnerable people face.
I will discuss that this multidisciplinary “Human Security Approach,” overcoming academic compartmentalization in “delivering as one,” is effective in narrowing the gap through the dual strategies of empowerment and protection.
This work was presented during the II Workshop on Medical Anthropology in Rome, on October 14th - 15th 2011.
This research paper is an attempt to investigate the
phenomenon of global terrorism and its threats to the security of the state. The study clarifies the concept of terrorism
and it its definition, then the categories of terrorism. Next,
it shows how terrorism became a global phenomenon
through the historical overview of international terrorism
and the theories explaining it and its current situation. The
causes of international terrorism are economic causes,
social causes, religious causes, political causes, and other
causes.
The Live Seminar examined the legal instruments and policy tools available to protect the environment in situations of armed conflict. Against the backdrop of the release of a United Nations Environment Programme report, this Seminar addressed the following questions:
* How are notions such as “widespread,” “long-term,” and “severe” damage to the environment defined in international humanitarian law and international criminal law?
* Which mechanisms could best monitor legal infringements pertaining to, and address claims for, environmental damage sustained during armed conflict?
* In what ways, if any, do international and domestic environmental law interact with international humanitarian law during armed conflict?
These questions were examined by looking at the level and types of legal protection afforded to the environment in both international and non-international armed conflicts.
Naz Modirzadeh (Associate Director at the Program on Humanitarian Policy and Conflict Research) hosted the discussion.
Panelists included:
Dr. Karen Hulme, University of Essex, School of Law
Professor Eric Jensen, Fordham University School of Law
Tara Smith, Irish Center for Human Rights
Terrorism can be defined as most infectious disease in today world. It can also be considered as a fatal communicable disease where people do not get sufficient time to revive themselves. It is a purposive creation of some segments of vested interest groups in the World with having a broader view of mass destructions; dislocate the people from their origin of the place. They utilize such mechanism which is success to spread very fast the fear psychosis among the people so that these people lose the faith and confidence among themselves resulting in victimization and untimely death of mass population. Since invention of life, the World must have witnessed of several activities those are barbaric in nature and the amount of loss may be equilibrium to today’s loss on terrorist attack, but unfortunate that, it was not defined and measured in any angles by the intellectual people. Human beings are always in favour of peace and prosperity. Today we will behave ourselves in such a way for our self-gratification, we forget us as a human being. Therefore, it is not only a question in Mumbai attack, attacked on our parliament or WT Centre in USA wherever may be. We find that, these perpetrators are human being those are having no colour and castes. The pressure from burgeoning population face by world today should never be compensated with this activity which ultimately kills us, destroy us and deprive us from achieving our goals. Today time has come to recognize that interest groups, those are not only instigating the vulnerable people to engage these activities, but also pushing us into the World of miseries and poverty at large. Therefore, this paper discusses various issues of terrorism and its impact on us.
1. Richard M. O’Meara
Education
Ph.D. Rutgers University; J.D. Fordham University
Bio
Richard M. O’Meara is a retired Brigadier General, USA, and trial attorney who presently serves
as a Professor of Global and Homeland Security Affairs. He has received a PhD in Global
Affairs from Rutgers University and a Juris Doctorate from Fordham University. He has also
received two Masters Degrees in History and International Affairs and graduated from the US
Army War College and the US Army Command and General Staff College amongst other
schools. He presently teaches in the Division of Global Affairs at Rutgers University and has
developed and taught in the first Homeland Security Studies Program in New Jersey. In the days
and months following 9/11, O’Meara worked as an EMT and Red Cross Responder at the World
Trade Center Site. His interests are reflected in courses he has taught and developed over the
years at various institutions including War Crimes, Genocide, and International Law,
Nationalism and Ethnic Violence, Intelligence Law and Function, US Security Interests in Sub-
Saharan Africa, US Security Interests in the North Pacific, Human Rights Law and Practice,
Nuremberg: the Trial and It’s Legacy for the International Legal Community, Contemporary
Issues in International Law, and The American Way of War.
As an Adjunct Faculty member of the Defense Institute for International Legal Studies, O’Meara
has traveled to such diverse locations as Moldova, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Ukraine, Slovenia, the
Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Peru, El Salvador, Panama, Guinea, Rwanda, Chad,
Sierra Leone and Iraq where he has taught rule of law and governance issues to civil and military
stakeholders and helped to develop programs designed to strengthen constructive relationships
between members of civil and military society.
As a Fellow in the Stockdale Center for Ethical Leadership, United States Naval Academy,
O’Meara worked with colleagues towards the adaption of military ethics to emerging
technologies and he has written and presented widely in the area of the use of robotics and other
technologies as tools of war. He continues this work as a member of CETMONS, Consortium for
Emerging Technologies, Military Operations and National Security, The International Society
for Military Ethics, the International Association of Genocide Scholars and CIVIC, Campaign
for Innocent Civilians in Conflict.
2. O’Meara is particularly interested in the development of short and long-term curricula for
presentation throughout the world in order to bind various elements of developing nations into
strong workable organizations capable of directing resources in constructive ways.
His recent work includes Going Home For Apples and Other Short Stories (Amazon); Governing
Military Technologies in the 21st Century, Ethics and Operations (Palgrave/Macmillan); chapters
in Robot Ethics, The Ethics and Social Implications of Robotics (MIT Press) ; Routledge
Handbook of Ethics and War, Just War Theory in the twenty-first century (Routledge); and
articles JUS POST BELLUM: Reflections on the Right Way to End a War, Journal on Terrorism
and Security Analysis (Syracuse University) and International Governance of Autonomous
Military Robots, Columbia Science and Technology Law Review (Columbia University School of
Law).
Areas of Specialization
International law, military ethics, emerging military technologies, conflict resolution, and ethnic
violence.
Contact
(609) 618-1479 / omearar@msn.com