2. Contents
What links poverty and health?
What is poverty?
Relationship between health and poverty
Status of poverty and health indicators
Consequences of poverty on health
Poverty alleviation
Case Study: Dharavi
Conclusion
3. Whatlinkspovertyandhealth?
Poverty and health worldwide are inextricably linked.
The causes of poor health for millions globally are
rooted in political, social and economic injustice.
Poverty is both a cause and a consequence of poor
health.
“The biggest enemy of health in developing world is
Poverty” - Kofi Annan
4. WhatIsPoverty?
Poverty is hunger.
Poverty is lack of shelter.
Poverty is being sick and not being able to consult a medical practitioner.
Poverty is not having access to proper education.
Poverty is losing a child to illness.
Poverty is powerlessness, lack of representation and freedom.
Poverty is not having a regular income with fear for the future, living one day at a time.
5. Typesof
Poverty
1. Absolute Poverty
state of severe deprivation of basic human needs.
2. Relative Poverty
Economic inequality in location in which people live.
6. Relationship
between
Poverty&
Health
India ranks 56 on universal healthcare among 100 countries
49 million people are pushed to extreme poverty every year in
India due to healthcare expenses.
17.33% of people spend at least 10% of their household budget
on healthcare
72% of OOP expenditures (74% in rural areas, 67% in urban)
are drug-related.
“incidence of catastrophic expenditure due to health care costs
is growing and is now being estimated to be one of the major
contributors to poverty. The drain on family incomes due to
health care costs can neutralize the gains of income increases
that every Government scheme aimed to reduce poverty.” – GOI
2015 Report
9. International
and Indian
Scenarioof
Poverty
Global poverty rate is 14.5 %
Country with highest % of poverty is Haiti (77%)
India ranks 43 in poverty internationally
25.7% poverty in rural India
13.7% poverty in urban India
Indian state with highest % of BPL – Chhattisgarh
(39.93%)
10.
11. Status of PovertyandHealthIndicators
State (World Bank
2012)
Percentage of Below
Poverty Line
Life Expectancy IMR MMR
Goa 5.09 - 10 -
Kerala 7.05 74.9 12 66
Himachal Pradesh 8.06 71.6 36 -
Sikkim 8.19 - 24 -
Punjab 8.26 71.6 28 155
Bihar 33.7 68.1 43 219
Manipur 36.89 - 10 -
Jharkhand 36.96 66.6 38 219
Chhattisgarh 39.93 64.8 47 230
12. Consequences of povertyonhealth
Poverty characteristics Ill health
Poor nutrition; lower productivity and income Weakened immune systems and reduced ability to
fight disease
Poor shelter and living conditions Susceptibility to diarrhoeal diseases and respiratory
diseases
Poor working conditions(roadside location,
unventilated factories)
No health and safety protection, increases the
vulnerability of poor people to health risks and
accidents
Low income households- least able to meet
healthcare costs
Self medication reduces effectiveness and may
change the nature of disease
Poor people often rely on livelihood strategies that
may deplete their assets
Increase vulnerability to ill health, accidents, stress
and other occupational hazards from childhood to
adulthood
17. Social Security
Assistance
Health Insurance:
Rashtriya Swasthya Bhima Yojana(RSBY)
o Rs. 30000/family/year @ Rs30/Registration
Universal Social Security
o Proposed in Budget 2015
Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension
Scheme(IGNOAPS)
Rs 500/month
Jan dhan Yojana
20. Squatter settlements
Informal economy: mostly
weavers, tanners, pottery
makers, daily wage workers
(Rs 60-100 per day)
History of epidemics
Economy has direct social
and physical impact
21. CONCLUSION
Poverty is a national problem and
it must be solved on a war footing.
Alleviation of poverty would
ensure a sustainable and inclusive
growth of economy and society.
There by, leading to better health.