The Golden Age of Hollywood from 1927-1948 saw the rise of the studio system and major film genres like musicals and film noir. The Big Five studios - Paramount, MGM, Warner Bros., 20th Century Fox, and RKO - dominated Hollywood and produced classic films. Some of the most popular movies of this era included The Jazz Singer (1927), the first talking picture; Gone with the Wind (1939); The Wizard of Oz (1939); and Citizen Kane (1941). The Golden Age ended with the decline of the studio system in the late 1940s due to antitrust action and the rise of television.
Juggling involves tossing and manipulating objects like balls, clubs, or rings for entertainment or sport. The practice dates back 4,000 years and was common in ancient Egypt, China, Greece, and India. In modern times, juggling grew as a hobby in the 1950s and a world governing body was formed in the 1980s. Scientific studies have found juggling improves hand-eye coordination, concentration, and can change the white matter structure in the brain. Professional jugglers perform in circuses, streets, and competitions where world records include juggling 13 balls or rings simultaneously. In Estonia, juggling is practiced recreationally through clubs and taught in some schools and circuses.
The Golden Age of Hollywood from 1927-1948 saw the rise of the studio system and major film genres like musicals and film noir. The Big Five studios - Paramount, MGM, Warner Bros., 20th Century Fox, and RKO - dominated Hollywood and produced classic films. Some of the most popular movies of this era included The Jazz Singer (1927), the first talking picture; Gone with the Wind (1939); The Wizard of Oz (1939); and Citizen Kane (1941). The Golden Age ended with the decline of the studio system in the late 1940s due to antitrust action and the rise of television.
Juggling involves tossing and manipulating objects like balls, clubs, or rings for entertainment or sport. The practice dates back 4,000 years and was common in ancient Egypt, China, Greece, and India. In modern times, juggling grew as a hobby in the 1950s and a world governing body was formed in the 1980s. Scientific studies have found juggling improves hand-eye coordination, concentration, and can change the white matter structure in the brain. Professional jugglers perform in circuses, streets, and competitions where world records include juggling 13 balls or rings simultaneously. In Estonia, juggling is practiced recreationally through clubs and taught in some schools and circuses.
The document discusses several important cities and sites in Portugal, including Guimarães, Fátima, and the Rooster of Barcelos.
Guimarães is described as the cradle city and first capital of Portugal, with the Battle of São Mamede establishing independence in 1128 under King Afonso I.
Fátima is discussed as a major pilgrimage destination, where the Virgin Mary appeared several times in 1917 and left prophecies. Large crowds continue to visit each month.
The legend of the Rooster of Barcelos is summarized, where it was said to have miraculously crowed to prove the innocence of a man who was accused of a crime. The ro
The document discusses several important cities and sites in Portugal, beginning with Guimarães, the cradle and first capital of Portugal. It mentions the Battle of São Mamede in 1128 which led to Portuguese independence and Afonso I becoming the first King of Portugal. The document also describes the city of Fátima and the Marian apparitions there in 1917, and discusses the national symbol of Portugal, the Rooster of Barcelos.
The document summarizes several important historical cities and sites in Portugal, beginning with Guimarães, the cradle and first capital of Portugal. It then discusses Afonso I, who led Portugal to independence in 1128 and became its first king. Next, it covers the city of Fátima, known for apparitions of the Virgin Mary in 1917. It also briefly mentions the city of Viseu and its Grão Vasco museum and wine production. Finally, it provides details on the legendary rooster of Barcelos, a national symbol of Portugal.
The document summarizes several abandoned cities around the world, including:
The Kowloon Walled City in Hong Kong, once a densely populated anarchic city that was demolished in 1993. Kolmanskop in Namibia, an abandoned diamond mining town from the 1950s. Humberstone in Chile, a ghost town left behind after the nitrate mining and processing industry declined in the 1960s.
The document summarizes several abandoned cities around the world. The Kowloon Walled City in Hong Kong was demolished in 1993 after becoming overpopulated and lawless. Kolmanskop in Namibia was abandoned in 1956 after diamond mining declined. Humberstone in Chile was abandoned in 1961 after synthetic nitrate replaced natural nitrate mining.
The document discusses several important cities and sites in Portugal, including Guimarães, Fátima, and the Rooster of Barcelos.
Guimarães is described as the cradle city and first capital of Portugal, with the Battle of São Mamede establishing independence in 1128 under King Afonso I.
Fátima is discussed as a major pilgrimage destination, where the Virgin Mary appeared several times in 1917 and left prophecies. Large crowds continue to visit each month.
The legend of the Rooster of Barcelos is summarized, where it was said to have miraculously crowed to prove the innocence of a man who was accused of a crime. The ro
The document discusses several important cities and sites in Portugal, beginning with Guimarães, the cradle and first capital of Portugal. It mentions the Battle of São Mamede in 1128 which led to Portuguese independence and Afonso I becoming the first King of Portugal. The document also describes the city of Fátima and the Marian apparitions there in 1917, and discusses the national symbol of Portugal, the Rooster of Barcelos.
The document summarizes several important historical cities and sites in Portugal, beginning with Guimarães, the cradle and first capital of Portugal. It then discusses Afonso I, who led Portugal to independence in 1128 and became its first king. Next, it covers the city of Fátima, known for apparitions of the Virgin Mary in 1917. It also briefly mentions the city of Viseu and its Grão Vasco museum and wine production. Finally, it provides details on the legendary rooster of Barcelos, a national symbol of Portugal.
The document summarizes several abandoned cities around the world, including:
The Kowloon Walled City in Hong Kong, once a densely populated anarchic city that was demolished in 1993. Kolmanskop in Namibia, an abandoned diamond mining town from the 1950s. Humberstone in Chile, a ghost town left behind after the nitrate mining and processing industry declined in the 1960s.
The document summarizes several abandoned cities around the world. The Kowloon Walled City in Hong Kong was demolished in 1993 after becoming overpopulated and lawless. Kolmanskop in Namibia was abandoned in 1956 after diamond mining declined. Humberstone in Chile was abandoned in 1961 after synthetic nitrate replaced natural nitrate mining.
5. MILLAL JA MIKS MITTE RAHA KINKIDA?
Sõbrapäev & jõulud
Jõulud on pigem isemeisterdatud ja südamega tehtud kingituste kinkimise aeg.
„..Sõpradele raha kinkida :D päris hea mõte..“
Jõuludeks kodust, soojaandvat, magusat
Raha kinkimine inimesele selleks, et talle teada anda, et ta on hea sõber, on väga
kohatu minu arvates.
Sõbrapäeva ja jõulude kingitused peaks tulema südamest (30+)
Sa peaksid juba teadma mis su sõbrale meeldib ja mis ei meeldi.
Üllatusmoment, mis küll paki sees võib olla. Rahaga ei teki sellist rõõmu ja põnevust.
Lisaks on sõpru liiga palju - raha läheks liiga palju.
6. Pulmad
Pulmade puhul oleks sobilik kinkida ainult
suuremat summat, sest 10 euro eest saaks uus
pere üheks õhtuks süüa osta ja kõik- kui sedagi.
Pulmad on ideaalis üks kord elus- natuke
vaimuvaene oleks maha magada võimalus ja
midagi tabavat kinkida.
Enda pulmadeks ootaksin saada pigem
midagi, mis tuleks kasuks ühise elu
alustamisel(midagi ilusat või kasulikku tulevasse
kodusse).
7. Lastele raha kinkimine:
Katsikud- tuleb kinkida midagi lapsele või lastele
Raha kingiksin lapse sünni või varrude puhul.(Uus ilmakodanik on
alati seotud kulutustega)
Lastele raha kinkida ei ole õige, nad ei oska tavaliselt selle eest
peale kommi ja pudipadi midagi osta. Pigem tuleks ise selle raha
eest osta midagi (erilist), mis neile hiljem alles jääb
Käisin mõni aasta tagasi sõbra lapse sünnipäeval. Ta vist sai 6 või
7 aastaseks. Mulle oli väga võõras see, et nii väiksele lapsele
kingiti väga suuri rahasummasid.
9. Kas tunnete end kingi saajana
tavaliselt kohustatuna vastama
kinkijale samas vääringus kingiga?
Ei, igal juhul mitte. 16 9%
Ei, pigem mitte. 65 35%
Pigem jah. 69 37%
Jah ainult juhul, kui mulle teeb
kingituse minu eakaaslane.
19 10%
Jah, igal juhul. 10 5%
Jah, püüan vastata isegi veel
suuremas vääringus kingiga.
6 3%
10. MIS ON PEAMINE KINGI IDEE?
„Üks pool annab midagi endalt teisele poolele. Puudub „hind” ning vajadus
kompenseerimiseks”
(Derrida:1992)
11. *Suurbritannia majandus ~7-8% kingituseks mõeldud kaubaartiklid.
*Kula- komme Trobiandri saartel. Teokarpidest kaelakeede
vahetamine käevõrude vastu. Kaelakeesid päripäeva, käevõrusid
vastupäeva asuvate saarte elanikele. Kula-rõngas
*“Tõeline altruist ei tee kingitusi, sest ta mõistab, et kinkima ajendaks
teda kas heateoga kaasnev edevus või vastuteene lootus. Tõeliselt
altruistlik kingitusesaaja ei solva andjat vastukingiga, kuna see
tähendaks võla tagastamist ning vihjaks sellele, et kingitust ei tehtud
isetutel motiividel“ (Riley, lk 121)
*“Kinkimine on vastastikkussuhet otsiva instinkti järgmine“ (Riley, lk
124)
Altruism- omakasupüüdmatus
12. Derrida (1992) 4 kriteeriumit „puhtale kingile”:
Puudub vastastikusus (samaaegsed, kuid erilaadsed teened)
Vastuvõtja ei tohi tunda kinki kingina ega ka ennast kingi vastuvõtjana
Ka kinkija ei tohi aru saada, et tegemist on kingiga
Asi ei tohi näida “kingina”
13. ÜLDINE SEISUKOHT RAHA KINKIMISEST?
Raha on kohane kinkida siis, kui sa tead, et seda on inimesel vaja mingi
eseme/asja/sündmuse jaoks. (55+) (sihtotstarbeline)
Raha kingitakse sellisel juhul, kui ei tunta inimest nii hästi või ei teata, mis tal vaja
läheb.
Kui vähegi võimalik tuleks kinkida midagi oma tehtud kätega, et inimest üllatada.
Parem raha kui ebavajalikud asjad (35+)
Tahaks ikka päris kinki saada, et jääks ka mingi mälestus. (20+)
Noortele, kes veel õpivad ja ise raha ei teeni on see väga kasulik.
Raha kinkimine on nagu ütlemine „ma ei tea sinust midagi ning ei oska sulle midagi
kinkida”.
14. Mida vanemaks inimene saab, seda raskem on talle tegelikult kingitust
valida. Seega on sageli mõistlikum kinkida raha.
Kinkida raha ei meeldi, sest ei raatsi/kingituse summa on siis ju kohe teada.
Raha tähendab võlga. Miks peaks edasi kinkima võla?
Kinkides raha, peab olema VÄGA KINDEL,et see ei solva kedagi. Raha
kinkimine on delikaatne samm. Kingitav summa peab olema läbimõeldud.
Kui tabavat ideed ei tule, ei ole ka viisakas tühjade kätega minna!
Minu jaoks ei ole rahaline väärtus oluline, oluline on, et kink on tehtud
konkreetsele inimesele mõeldes ja südamega, eriti armsad on isetehtud
asjad, asjad, milles peegeldub nii saaja kui kinkija isikupära.
Kui mulle mõni tuttav kingib raha, siis mulle tundub nagu ma poleks
piisavalt hea sõbranna, et midagi loovat välja mõelda või osta mulle
midagi mis talle mind meelde tuletab.
15. Raha tuleb kinkida ainult siis, kui astutakse uude eluetappi (kooli lõpetamine, pulmad), muul ajal
tähistatakse lihtsalt päeva (3)
Minu arust ootab inimene rohkem üllatust, kuid raha ei ole üllatus ega huvitav.
Alati on kohane-kui on vajadus toetada
Raha kinkimine on ühest küljest kõige raskem ja teisest kõige lihtsam viis midagi sünnipäevalisele
kinkida. Raske, sest sa ei tea palju kinkida ning kerge, sest siis ei pea ise mõtlema ega otsima
kinki
Oma eluga alustavatele peredele on lausa parem raha kinkida, kuna kell või kapp võivad neil
juba olemas olla ning põrandahari ja paar sokke ei pruugi olla päris soliidsed kingitused.
Raha kinkimine on lihtsama vastupanu teed minemine.
Rahal ei ole väärtust. Raha ei jää sulle neil puhkudel kogu eluks. Kingitud asi aga küll.
Raha on nagu täissünteetiline õli mis paneb kõik rattad käima.
Mul on vähe raha. Kingin seda ainult siis, kui otsesõnu soovitakse.
16. KASUTATUD KIRJANDUS
Google forms
Google images
Ridley, M. 1996. Vooruse lätted. Tln: AS Pakett
Moodle’ist „Exchange“ (Davis, J. 1992. Exchange. Buckingham: Open Un. Press.)