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QUORA问答社区的产品规划分析 Email:zyx1st@gmail.com
摘要 产品规划=      产品目前的优势(加固)                                     +                           需要注意的问题(调整)                                     + 未来的发展方向(展望)
产品目前的优势
Quora简介 这是一个互动问答网站 目前常见的互动问答网站 百度知道雅虎知识堂 HunchStackoverflowAardvark 目前获得社会各界的好评 受到社会名流和硅谷精英的极力追捧 获得2010最佳创业奖 目前月独立访客数已达16.4万,每四个月用户数就翻一番
Quora特点介绍 严格邀请制 实名制 开放编辑 投票、订阅、关注和主题化 社区化
严格邀请制 描述:网站初期实行邀请制,严格控制进入人群,只邀请业界精英以及知识渊博的用户。 目的: 保证网站内容的质量。 现状及影响:这以举措引起了社会名流和硅谷精英的极大关注,高质量的内容能够给用户带来对答案的信赖感,对回答问题的满足感。
实名制 描述:在限制注册一段时期后,Quora逐渐开始开放,但必须使用Facebook或者Twitter账号登录。 目的:在保持开放的同时让用户珍惜账号,一定程度的限制用户行为。 现状及影响:新用户的不断增加并没有导致该网站的问题和答案水准降低,也并没有导致专家用户解决问题的数量降低。
开放编辑 描述:网站上的每一个用户都可以对问答内容进行编辑,包括问题、答案、答案摘要、标签等等。 目的:发挥群体智慧的力量,通过集体协作,不断的完善问题的描述和答案的可靠性,自动生成大量高质量的内容。 现状及影响:开放性让Quora逐渐变成一个网络头脑风暴的平台,有些人甚至整天泡在Quora上寻找知识,与他人讨论。Quora甚至可以看作是关于问题的“维基百科”。
投票、订阅、关注和主题化 描述:Quora还借鉴和引入了Digg的投票(vote)、订阅(feed),Twitter的单向关注(Follow),主题化问题(Topic)。 目的:人们往往只想获得自己感兴趣的高质量的问题和讨论,过多的无关内容或者低质量的内容势必会影响用户的体验和活跃度。以上机制的引入正是为了解决这个问题。 现状及影响:大量的问答资源积累并没有引起用户体验的降低,人们很容易就能获得自己关注的内容。
社区化 描述:每个账号在网站里的行为都能够记录下来,每一次投票、修改、建议、编辑、博客、提问、回答甚至是关注主题都会留下自己的足迹。这些足迹能够在个人页面里展示出来。 目的:这些足迹同用户实名身份结合起来,可以形成一种属于个人的“知识个人名片”。一方面让用户重视自己的每一次行为,同时通过人与人之间的关注,构建资源同所需人之间的桥梁。 现状及影响:越来越多的社会名流都开始对这种“知识的个人名片”感兴趣,纷纷为自己建立Quora账号并积极回答问题和发表相关博客。Quora网站也开始建立类似PageRank的算法来评估每个人的贡献度。
总结 ,[object Object]
控制问题和回答的质量
开放、发挥集体智慧的力量
让人方便快捷的找到需要的问答和讨论
适当引导、控制用户的行为,[object Object]
用户数量增长VS网站内容质量 Quora同其他互动问答网站来说最大的区别在其内容的质量上,虽然目前来说Quora在对内容质量的控制上做得不错,但是随着关注度和知名度的提升,用户的涌入势必会影响整个网站内容的质量,这是Quora这种网站一直都需要面对的问题。 前面对Quora优势的说明部分已经指出目前Quora在控制用户增长和平衡网站内容质量上采取的举措,要保证整个网站一直给出高质量的问答和讨论环境,必须在大量用户涌入之前制定一些规则,引导和控制用户行为。 一些可行性方案的分析: 用户积分制:最常见的控制用户行为的方式是引入积分制,用积分、威望或者头衔、徽章来鼓励用户提供高质量的内容,同时可以让用户在使用网站的同时产生荣誉感和归属感,增加用户忠诚度。从目前Quora来看,用户的行为数据(如编辑、回答等)都是直接在个人页面呈现,没有相应的积分、勋章等,可以说目前并没有引入积分制。积分制的缺点在于用户很可能会盲目的追求积分,有可能会在积分的鼓励下让用户产生一些不利于创建高质量内容的行为,比如积分作弊、利用系统漏洞等等,同时积分制还可能让那些热情、无偿提供知识的贡献者产生抵触心理,也可能让用户不信任感。但个人认为在未来,适当的引入积分制对于网站说是有必要的,当网站有效贡献者比例多的时候用户的“自组织”会往好的方面发展,但当一般用户足够多的时候,“自组织”就会变得混乱起来。
用户数量增长VS网站内容质量 一些可行性方案的分析: 建议(Suggestion):建议指的是让一些不规范、模糊、二义性的内容以规范、明确、统一的形式发布出来,或者让它们归到已有的较为规范的事例中去。 Quora把大多数用户交互都集中在这个输入框内,包含搜索和提问。用户会在提问的   同时对已有内容进行搜索,最大程度将用户问题引入到已有的较为高质量的回答中,  避免用户因为描述的失真而产生大量重复内容或者低质量的提问。 由于中、英文使用习惯的差异,中文在表达内容上会更多的出现一些描述不清楚的  情况,如何引导用户表达出真实的需求是需要注意的地方,特别是一般用户的大量 涌入后,糟糕的表达能力会让用户无法得到需要的内容。 常用的方法是建立一些语义识别算法或者一些受控词表。
用户数量增长VS网站内容质量 一些可行性方案的分析: 垃圾信息(Spam):有用户创造的地方就有垃圾信息,垃圾信息对于以质取胜的网站具有非常大的破坏力,需要认真采取防范措施。在问答网站上存在比较隐藏的软营销手段,通过操纵提问和回答,创造一些垃圾信息来满足其自身需求,会对网站的可信性造成致命打击。 要解决这个问题一方面需要发动用户之间相互进行监督,另一方面控制类似争议问题     和答案(Recommend)的发布,比如从用户的身份入手限制非专家级用户的发布。 隐藏(Hide):网站的外部表现内容决定了用户质量,只有保证内容呈现的质量才 能吸引高水平用户,保证网站发展的有序。这是以质取胜类型网站持续发展之本。 而隐藏低质量的内容是最为有效的方式,最常见的方式是排序干预,屏蔽。Quora 使用投票机制(vote)以及衰减(flag question)来实现。 同时Quora还正在开发类似PageRank的排名算法,根据过去发表的质量给用户设定 一定的权值,通过权值和投票的情况来对排名进行干预。
内容数据增长VS用户寻找内容 随着网站的发展,用户创造的内容数据会与日俱增,如何将用户感兴趣的内容呈现给相应的人,如何让用户寻找到自己需要的内容是一个优秀网站必须做到的。 Quora的社区化和主题化是一个很好的解决方案。通过建立人与人之间的关联(关注),内容本身属性之间的关联(话题、语义)来将用户感兴趣的内容呈献给相应的人,用户可以通过简单的关注人或者话题来从海量内容中筛选出感兴趣的内容。 内容的信息架构是网站发展中需要不断完善的任务,这里就不再一一列举了。
其他一些需要注意的地方 内容主题:目前的Quora在讨论领域上主要集中在IT、科技类、金融类方面的咨询,很少涉及其他领域。主要是因为其初期邀请的精英人士和营造的社区气氛都比较专业化,如果Quora不只满足于小众的精英社区,就必须要一点一点扩展话题领域,帮大众营造一个解决问题的平台。 领域的扩展会导致内容的多元化,很容易造成混杂的情况,适当的划分区域是网站应该去构建的,比如常规的问题分类。这点上另一家公司Stackoverflow做得比较好,原来这是一个专注于程序员解决代码问题的网站,在引起一定的关注度和好评后,Stackoverflow扩展其领域范围,创建了一些非技术类的专题子站如:摄影、烹饪和英语等,取得了一定的成功。 虽然目前Quora的主题化问题能够在一定程度上区分问题的领域,但如果要进一步发展最好建立独立的分页面来区分,比如豆瓣的书、影、音社区分割。
对未来的展望

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Quora产品规划