Intestinal obstruction, a blockage in the digestive tract, can result from various causes like adhesions, hernias, or cancer, and if untreated, may lead to serious complications. Symptoms include crampy abdominal pain, loss of appetite, constipation, vomiting, and abdominal swelling. Prokinetics are introduced as a treatment for related gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting.

1. Prokinetics
By: Ms. Priya Shukla
Assistant Professor
SSR College of Pharmacy, Sayli

2. Gastrointestinal tract
The small intestine and colon are parts of
your digestive tract, which processes the
foods you eat.
The intestines take nutrients from the foods.
What isn't absorbed by the intestines
continues along the digestive tract and is
passed as stool during a bowel movement.
Intestinal obstruction is a blockage that
keeps food or liquid from passing through
your small intestine or large intestine (colon).
Causes of intestinal obstruction may include
fibrous bands of tissue (adhesions) in the
abdomen that form after surgery; hernias;
colon cancer; certain medications; or
strictures from an inflamed intestine caused
by certain conditions, such as Crohn's disease
or diverticulitis.
Without treatment, the blocked parts of the
intestine can die, leading to serious
problems. However, with prompt medical
care, intestinal obstruction often can be
successfully treated.

3. Symptoms
Signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction include:
• Crampy abdominal pain that comes and goes
• Loss of appetite
• Constipation
• Vomiting
• Inability to have a bowel movement or pass gas
• Swelling of the abdomen

4. Eitology
• Intussusception
Intussusception is a rare, serious disorder in which one part of the
intestine slides inside an adjacent part.

5. The most common causes of intestinal obstruction in adults are:
• Intestinal adhesions — bands of fibrous tissue in the abdominal
cavity that can form after abdominal or pelvic surgery

6. • Hernias — portions of intestine that protrude into another part of
your body

7. • Colon cancer

8. • In children, the most common cause of intestinal obstruction is
telescoping of the intestine (intussusception).
• Other possible causes of intestinal obstruction include:
• Inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn's disease

9. • Diverticulitis — a condition in which small, bulging pouches
(diverticula) in the digestive tract become inflamed or infected

10. • Twisting of the colon (volvulus)

11. • Impacted feces

12. Introduction to prokinetics

13. Nausea, vomiting, diarrheoa, and bradycardiac