This document provides an overview of Outcome Based Education (OBE) and its key concepts and terminology. OBE is a process that assesses student learning based on expected outcomes. It defines Program Educational Objectives (PEOs), Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs), and Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs). PEOs describe career goals, PLOs describe skills/knowledge upon graduation, and CLOs describe expected learning in specific courses. CLOs must satisfy PLOs. Bloom's Taxonomy is used to classify learning outcomes into cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. The document outlines Air University's vision/mission and an engineering program's PEOs and PLOs. It provides

1. Outcome Based Education (OBE)
&
Course Learning Outcomes
(CLOs)
Dr. Asif Iqbal
DMAE / IAA
2-OCT-2014
1

2. Outcome Based Education (OBE)
IT’S NOT WHAT WE TEACH,
IT’S WHAT YOU LEARN
Students main concerns are GRADES,
Employers are looking for
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE and SKILLS.
2
OBE is a process that involves assessment and evaluation
practices in education to reflect the attainment of expected
learning outcomes.

3. Washington Accord (WA)
Purpose:
 Recognition of equivalence of accredited engineering
education programs leading to the engineering degree
 Graduates of accredited programs in any of the
signatory countries are recognized by the other
signatory countries as having met the academic
requirements for entry to the practice of engineering
3
The WA is an international agreement among bodies responsible
for accrediting engineering degree programs.

4. 4

5. 5

6. Terminologies used in OBE
 Program Educational Objectives (PEOs)
PEOs are broad statements that describe the career and professional
accomplishments that the program is preparing graduates to achieve.
 Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs)
Statement that describe what students are expected to know and able to
perform or attain by the time of graduation in terms of skills, knowledge
and behavior/ attitude that the student acquire after following the program.
 Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs describe the specification of what a student should learn as the
result of a period of specified and supported course.
 Key Performance Indicator (KPI)
KPI is a minimum target/ goal set for a specific assessment. It is
represented either in a normalized value (0.0 to 1.0) or in percentage (%).
 Assessment
Assessment is the formative and/ or summative determination for a
specific purpose of the student’s competence in demonstrating a specific
outcome.
 Continual Quality Improvement (CQI)
It focuses on closing the loop of an assessment process.
6

7. PEOs and PLOs
PEOs are specific goals consistent with the
vision & mission of HEI
PLOs are statements that describe what
students are expected to know and be able to
perform or attain by the time of graduation
Program outcomes address Knowledge, Skills
and Behavior/Attitude (Cognitive, Psychomotor
and Affective Domains) to be attained by
students
7

8. 8

9. 9

10. OBE Roadmap
DMAE – Air University, Islamabad
University Vision Statement
↓
University Mission Statement
↓
Program Educational Objectives (PEOs) [4-6]=> W12 Graduate Attributes [12+]
B.E. (Mechanical Engineering)
↓
Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) [12+]
↓
Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs) [3-5] For all the B.E. (Mech.) courses
[Approved by Chair DMAE only]
Each and every of the 12 PLOs should be addressed by CLOs of at least 2 courses
throughout the 8 semesters
↓
Design of Course Outlines by respective faculty
Design of each and every question in Final/Midterm/Quiz and Assignments/Project to
address the CLOs
Mapping and marking of each and every question in accordance with the CLOs
10

11. Air University (V & M)
Vision
Air University aspires to be among the leading national
universities, excelling in teaching, learning, research, innovation
and public service.
Mission
The mission of Air University is to achieve excellence in
teaching and research for producing graduates with sound
professional knowledge, integrity of character, a keen sense of
social responsibility and a passion for lifelong learning. The
University shall stand committed to creating an environment
conducive for attracting the best students, faculty and supporting
staff for contributing to the development of a prosperous, peaceful
and enlightened society.
11

12. PEOs [B.E. (Mechanical Engineering)
hosted within DMAE / IAA]
1. Serve Pakistan & global industries by providing qualified mechanical
engineering graduates equipped with a broad-based knowledge of
mathematics, mechanical engineering with related theories and
practices, and related basic sciences.
2. Provide industries with graduates capable of designing and
developing, analyzing, testing, and implementing mechanical
engineering systems and processes.
3. Meet industry expectations for graduates with skills including
communication skills, the use of modern engineering tools, effective
leadership in multicultural and multidisciplinary settings, and a
commitment to life-long learning.
4. Provide the graduates with awareness of the tools and skills
necessary for participating effectively in building a healthy, diverse and
sustainable economy.
5. Increase the graduates’ commitment to the highest standards of
ethical practice and to social and environmental issues relevant to the
engineering profession.
12

13. PLOs
PO1
Ability to acquire and apply fundamental knowledge of mathematics, science and
engineering principles to solve complex mechanical engineering problems
Keywords: Engineering Knowledge
PO2
Ability to identify, formulate and analyze complex mechanical engineering problems
Keywords: Problem Analysis
PO3
Ability to design solutions for complex mechanical engineering problems that fulfil
health, safety, societal and environmental needs
Keywords: Design solutions
PO4
Ability to investigate complex mechanical engineering problems using research-based
knowledge and methods to produce conclusive results
Keywords: Investigation
PO5
Ability to apply conventional or modern engineering/computational tools for solution
of engineering problems
Keywords: Use of Conventional/Modern Tools
PO6
Ability to apply knowledge, maintain ethical standards, and take responsibilities for
improvement of professional and general society
Keywords: Society
PO7
Ability to identify the impact of mechanical engineering solutions on environment and
demonstrate the needs for sustainable development
Keywords: Sustainability & Environment
PO8
Ability to practice professional ethics related to societal, health, safety and legal issues
with full responsibility and integrity
Keywords: Professional Ethics
PO9
Ability to work productively as an individual, and as a member or leader in a team
that may involve multi-disciplinary settings
Keywords: Individual & Team Work
PO10
Ability to communicate effectively on complex mechanical engineering activities both
orally and in writing
Keywords: Communication Skills
PO11
Ability to demonstrate and apply knowledge on project management principles and
acquire relevant skills
Keywords: Management, Finance & Entrepreneurship
PO12
Ability to engage in life-long learning and enhance knowledge and information by
conducting literature surveys
Keywords: Life Long Learning
(PO1 – PO5: Technical;
PO6 – PO10: Generic)
13

14. 14

15. Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
An expected CLO is a formal statement of what
students are expected to learn in a course
CLO statements refer to specific knowledge,
practical skills, areas of professional
development, attitudes, higher‐order thinking
skills, etc.
CLOs must satisfy the stated program
outcomes. There is no need for ANY (individual)
course to address all the PLOs.
15

16. Guidelines in Preparing CLOs
 Decide the top 3-5 things you want the student to learn (achieve)
in your course.
 Look at Bloom’s taxonomy: Cognitive, Psychomotor, and
Affective learning to see what best fits your class level (these
can be mixed in each class)
 Write course outcomes based on course level and using
appropriate verbs
 Each course MUST have only one set of student learning
outcomes (all faculty must follow same learning outcomes)
 Each instructor will be able to determine HOW he/she wants to
assess the course learning outcomes (these don’t have to be the
same for each instructor)
16

17. Bloom’s Taxonomy
Bloom’s Taxonomy is a chart of ideas. It is a way of
distinguishing the fundamental questions within the
education system
17

18. Levels of Learning in the 3 Domains
18

19. 1. COGNITIVE DOMAIN
Demonstrated by Rational learning
(THINKING) with Emphasis upon
knowledge, using the mind, and intellectual
abilities.
19

20. 20

21. 2. AFFECTIVE DOMAIN
Demonstrated by behaviors indicating
attitudes of awareness, interest, attention,
concern, and responsibility, ability to listen
and respond in interactions with others, and
ability to demonstrate those attitudinal
characteristics or values which are
appropriate in the field of study
21

22. 22

23. 3. PSYCHOMOTOR DOMAIN
Demonstrated by physical skills:
coordination, dexterity, manipulation, grace,
strength, speed, actions which demonstrate
the fine motor skills such as use of
precision instruments or tools
23

24. 24

25. CLOs - Examples
CLO Level PLO Outcome
1 C3
(Applyi
ng)
4
(inves
tigate)
Students will apply mechanical properties of
metals/alloys to estimate their formabilities in various
manufacturing processes
2 C4
(Analyzi
ng)
2
(Prob.
Analy
sis)
Students will analyze and compare the mechanisms
the different forming processes, including bulk
forming and sheet metal forming
3 P5
(Comple
x overt
response
)
9
(Team
-work)
Students will build a prototype based on the
concepts of casting, forming, and machining
processes
Manufacturing Processes 1 (ME-245) (Credit Hours: 3-0)
Pre-Requisite: Nil; Semester 4
25

26. CLOs - Examples
26

27. CLOs - Examples
27

28. 28

29. 29

30. 30

31. 31

32. 32

33. 33

34. 34

35. CLO Report
35

36. 36

37. Contribution Required
All the Instructors are requested to prepare 3 –
5 CLOs for the courses they are currently
instructing and also for the ones which they
expect to instruct in the next semester.
Follow the format as provided on Slide # 25.
Kindly submit the CLOs to Ms. Neelam
Shehzadi by 17-OCT-2014
37