2. CONTENTS
1. Introduction to lipases
2. Sources
3. Production by Fermentation Technology
4. Influence of parameters
5. Purification technique
6. Applications
3. Introduction
• A lipase is any enzyme (extracellular) that catalyzes the hydrolysis of fats.
• Splits fats into fatty acids and glycerols.
• A subclass of Esterases.
• Lipases perform essential roles in digestion, transport and processing of dietary lipids in most organisms.
• They are commonly secreted from plants, animals, and microorganisms.However, microbial lipases represent
the most widely used class of enzymes in biotechnology.
Triaceylglycerol + 3H2O
Lipase
Hydrolysis
Glycerol+ fatty acids
4. Sources
Many microorganisms including , bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and actinomycetes
produce lipases.
Many microbial lipases have been commercially available in free or immobilized
form.
Produced in pancreas, seeds, Euphorbiaceae(Ricinus communis).
Numerous species of;
Bacteria(Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Burkholderia)
Yeasts(Candida rugosa,Yarrowia lipolytica and Candida antarctica)
Molds(Aspergillus, Trichoderma viride).
Microbes are potent lipase producer.
5. Industrial
production
1. Sterilization
2. Isolation of pure culture
3. Charecterization and screening
4. Optimization
5. Substrate addition
6. Inoculation
7. Automation of bioreactors
8. Harvesting/Recovery
6. Production by fermentation technology:
Fermentation is an approach of biological transformation of complex substrates into
simpler molecules through different microorganisms.
Solid- state fermentation and submerged fermentation are the two principal
technique for enzyme production.
Submerged fermentation technique:
It is the suspension of microorganisms ina liquid production media comprising
well -defined concentrations of dissolved nutrients.
Solid-state fermentation:
This technique involves a solid substrate and is executed in the absence of moisture.
Fillamentous fungi are among several groups of microorganisms employed in this
technique .
8. Purification technique
Novel purification technique:
Aqueous biphase system:
ABPS is a liquid-liquid extraction strategy, which is employed in the
purification of biomolecules.
Reversed micellar systems:
The whole liquid- liquid separation process via reverse micelles is
composed of two essential steps –Forward extraction and Back
extraction.
Forward extraction:
In forward extraction, lipase is transported from an aqueous medium in
to the organic phase having reversed micelles .
Back extraction:
The lipase is liberated from the reverse micelles and ultimately
transported back in to an aqueous medium to be purified.
