Regional Economic Integration (REI) refers to the commercial policy of discriminatively reducing or eliminating trade barriers only between the states joining together.
Regional economic groups eliminate or reduce trade tariffs (and other trade barriers) among the Partner States while maintaining tariffs or barriers for the rest of the world (non-member countries).
Geographical proximity, cultural, historical, and ideological similarities, competitive or complementary economic linkages, and a common language among the Partner States are importantly required for effective economic integration.
The aim of economic integration is to lessen costs for both consumers and producers, in addition to increase trade between the countries taking part in the agreement.
A primary economic objective of integration is to raise:
a) real output and income of the participants
&
b) rate of growth
by increasing specialization and competition by facilitating desirable structural (linkages) changes.
Carlos gutierrez robayo El ganado de alta genética exportado por el exgrandes ligas panameño Carlos Lee al Perú será presentado mañana en el fundo La Herradura
Regional Economic Integration (REI) refers to the commercial policy of discriminatively reducing or eliminating trade barriers only between the states joining together.
Regional economic groups eliminate or reduce trade tariffs (and other trade barriers) among the Partner States while maintaining tariffs or barriers for the rest of the world (non-member countries).
Geographical proximity, cultural, historical, and ideological similarities, competitive or complementary economic linkages, and a common language among the Partner States are importantly required for effective economic integration.
The aim of economic integration is to lessen costs for both consumers and producers, in addition to increase trade between the countries taking part in the agreement.
A primary economic objective of integration is to raise:
a) real output and income of the participants
&
b) rate of growth
by increasing specialization and competition by facilitating desirable structural (linkages) changes.
Carlos gutierrez robayo El ganado de alta genética exportado por el exgrandes ligas panameño Carlos Lee al Perú será presentado mañana en el fundo La Herradura
La humanidad está inmersa en una cruzada sin precedentes con el objeto de enfrentar el cambio climático y poder así garantizar su perpetuidad. Tal cruzada tiene una ruta establecida en el 2015 y denominada Agenda 2030 por la ONU, que tiene como meta el NetZero de CO2 para el 2050. Para alcanzar la meta, es necesario implementar la descarbonización de la matriz energética global que conlleva a la Transición Energética, la cual consiste en la sustitución de las energías fósiles por fuentes energéticas no emisoras de CO2.
Todo lo indicado arriba, será el marco de la presentación donde se mostrarán estadísticas y gráficos contentivos de lo que significa la transición energética a nivel global, sin dejar de lado el impacto que todo esto tiene en Venezuela.
Describe las tendencias en el sector electrico (globales, generacion, trasnmision y distribucion) a fin de alcanzar en el 2050 un mundo netamente electrificado, pero siendo esta generacion,en su mayor parte, libre de gases de efecto invernadero, especialmente, CO2
Muestra un analisis sobre la productividad empresarial en funcion de la distribucion etaria, tomando como base la nomina de una unidad de negocio de PDVSA del año 2000. Esta nomina es actualizada etariamente al año 2020, comparandose la productividad en cada uno de los años indicados
Escenario sobre el estado estacionario de las reservas de hidrocarburosNelson Hernandez
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DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
La humanidad está inmersa en una cruzada sin precedentes con el objeto de enfrentar el cambio climático y poder así garantizar su perpetuidad. Tal cruzada tiene una ruta establecida en el 2015 y denominada Agenda 2030 por la ONU, que tiene como meta el NetZero de CO2 para el 2050. Para alcanzar la meta, es necesario implementar la descarbonización de la matriz energética global que conlleva a la Transición Energética, la cual consiste en la sustitución de las energías fósiles por fuentes energéticas no emisoras de CO2.
Todo lo indicado arriba, será el marco de la presentación donde se mostrarán estadísticas y gráficos contentivos de lo que significa la transición energética a nivel global, sin dejar de lado el impacto que todo esto tiene en Venezuela.
Describe las tendencias en el sector electrico (globales, generacion, trasnmision y distribucion) a fin de alcanzar en el 2050 un mundo netamente electrificado, pero siendo esta generacion,en su mayor parte, libre de gases de efecto invernadero, especialmente, CO2
Muestra un analisis sobre la productividad empresarial en funcion de la distribucion etaria, tomando como base la nomina de una unidad de negocio de PDVSA del año 2000. Esta nomina es actualizada etariamente al año 2020, comparandose la productividad en cada uno de los años indicados
Escenario sobre el estado estacionario de las reservas de hidrocarburosNelson Hernandez
Presenta una vision de las reservas de hidrocarburos vigentes considerando un estado estacionario. Es decir, no se incorporan nuevas reservas y se mantiene la produccion de 2019
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
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Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
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Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
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Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
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Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
2. General Context
• Relationship • Projects • Platform
In just the last 5 years, The $30 billion inventory Iran uses Venezuela to
Iran and Venezuela of joint projects and project its influence and
have created a vast commercial transactions activities in the Americas,
economic, political, and and the broad range of to evade international
operational cooperation (diplomatic, sanctions, and to harvest
relationship, which military, commercial, uranium and other strategic
both countries use to financial, industrial, minerals in the region – all
advance their energy, petrochemical, and with the aim of aiding its
asymmetric strategies many others) makes Iran’s illegal nuclear program and
in the USA’s own relationship with challenging the USA and
neighborhood. Venezuela one of its most international security.
important partnerships in
the world.
3. Areas of Cooperation
Area 1: 2004 Financial Infrastructure
Area 2: 2006 Industrial Infrastructure
Area 3: 2005 Technical Cooperation
Area 4: 2007 Nuclear Technology and Uranium Mine
Area 5: 2007 Military Cooperation
Area 6: 2005 Terrorism and Drug Trafficking
5. Venezuela Supports
Iran’s Evasion of Sanctions
Iranian
Evasion of Government
International Iranian Companies
Restrictions on Iran’s (Iran
Access to Financial Revolutionary
System Guard Corps)
Iranian
International Subsidiaries’
Financial System Companies in
Venezuela
Venezuelan
Venezuela Government
Financial System
(PDVSA)
11/14/2011 5
14. Energy
Rafael D. Ramirez C.
President, PDVSA
11/14/2011 14
15. Cousins
Ilich Ramirez Sanchez
AKA: Carlos ‘the Jackal’,
Ramirez’ cousin
Rafael D. Ramirez C.
President, PDVSA
16. Military
Iran and Venezuela’s Ministers of Defense (Mostafa Mohammed
Najjar and Ramon Carrizalez), signing an agreement of military
cooperation on April 30, 2009 in Caracas
11/14/2011 16
17. Military
Training of the
Venezuelan Armed Unnamed Aerial
Forces in Overhauling for the Infrastructure and Vehicles
asymmetric war Explosive plant in Venezuela’s combat machinery to build M2
and techniques to Carabobo State plane F-5 by Iranian bombs, Bolivar 42 Planes
sabotage the Air Force State. Maracay
energy Aragua State
infrastructure.
Army, Navy and Tractor Factory CAVIM
CAVIM Air Force AIO
Militias Veneiran
11/14/2011 17
20. Iranian Cooperation in
‘Nuclear Technology’
Notes:
• Cooperation “in the field of
nuclear technology….”
• Accord signed Nov. 14, 2007
11/14/2011 20
22. Iranian Cooperation in
‘Nuclear Technology’
Notes:
• Internal Document
• Discloses Nuclear CEA
program years before • The Atomic Energy Committee (CEA) is our “Nuclear
Chavez admitted to Energy Programme implementing Organization (NEPIO)1
have one since 2007.
• The CEA is conformed by
– Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT)
– Ministry of Energy and Petroleum (MENPET)
– Ministry of Basic Industries and Mining (MIBAM)
– Electric Companies (CORPOELEC)
– Universities (UCV, USB)
1NEPIO is the designation used in the IAEA by the guide “Milestones in the Development of a National Infrastructure for
Nuclear Power”
Workshop on Steps for Conducting Nuclear Power Plant Technology Assessments, Vienna, Austria, 17-20 November 2008
11/14/2011 22
25. Venezuela’s Nuclear Program
Notes:
• Russian deal signed days
after Chavez says he is
only “studying” nuclear
energy…
• Same firm that built
Bushehr Nuclear Reactor
11/14/2011 25
26. Uranium in Venezuela’s
Roraima Basin
Notes:
• Among the largest
deposits of uranium in
the world
• Canadians are mining
“uranium” in Guyana…
11/14/2011 26
28. Iran Strikes ‘Gold’ in Uranium
Basin
Notes:
• Canadians are mining
“uranium” in Guyana…
Iranians mining “gold” in
Venezuela
• Export of uranium to Iran
would be an apparent
violation of UN sanctions
“Gold”
• Eyewitnesses say ore Mine
processed at Iranian
“cement plant” and loaded
on barges on Orinoco
River
11/14/2011 28
29. Uranium Reserves in Venezuela
Notes:
• Iran discovered
Uranium in Venezuela
in 2007
Prospección de Uranio en la
Republica Bolivariana de
Venezuela
Deciembre 2010
11/14/2011 29
30. Uranium Reserves in Venezuela
Notes:
• Thousands of
samples taken
throughout the
country
11/14/2011 30
31. Uranium Reserves in Venezuela
Title:
Ubicación de muestras geoquímicas tomadas por el
Location of geochemical Proyecto Irán – Venezuela Etapa I
samples taken
Iran – Venezuela
Project: Phase 1
(Uranium exploration)
11/14/2011 31
32. Uranium Reserves in Venezuela
Results Iranian
Study:
Location of geochemical
samples taken
Regional Geoquimical
Explorations in Timotes,
Merida State
(Uranium exploration)
11/14/2011 32
33. Uranium Reserves in Venezuela
Title:
Distribution Map of
Uranium
Regional
Geoquimical
Explorations in
Timotes,
Merida State
September 2007
Geological Survey
of Iran
Instituto Nacional
de Geologia y
Mineria
Venezuela
11/14/2011 33
36. Terrorism: Hezbollah in Venezuela
Birth Certificate Spanish Translation
Ghazi Atef Salameh Nassereddine Abu Ali
11/14/2011 36
37. June 18, 2008
hp-1036
Terrorism: Hezbollah in Venezuela Treasury Targets Hizballah in Venezuela
Washington - The U.S. Department of the Treasury today designated two
Venezuela-based supporters of Hizballah, Ghazi Nasr al Din and Fawzi Kan'an,
along with two travel agencies owned and controlled by Kan'an.
"It is extremely troubling to see the Government of Venezuela employing and
providing safe harbor to Hizballah facilitators and fundraisers. We will continue to
expose the global nature of Hizballah's terrorist support network, and we call on
responsible governments worldwide to disrupt and dismantle this activity," said
Adam J. Szubin, Director of the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC).
June 18, 2008
Today's action was taken pursuant to Executive Order 13224, which targets
hp-1036
terrorists, those owned or controlled by or acting for or on behalf of terrorists, and
those providing financial, technological,Hizballah insupport to terrorists or acts of
Treasury Targets or material Venezuela
terrorism. Assets the designees hold under U.S. jurisdiction are frozen and U.S.
Washington - The U.S. Department of the Treasury in property or interests
persons are prohibited from engaging in transactionstoday designated two in
Venezuela-based supporters of Hizballah, Ghazi Nasr al Din and Fawzi Kan'an,
property blocked under the order.
along with two travel agencies owned and controlled by Kan'an.
Identifying Information to see the Government of Venezuela employing and
"It is extremely troubling
providing safe harbor to Hizballah facilitators and fundraisers. We will continue to
GHAZI NASR AL DIN
expose the global nature of Hizballah's terrorist support network, and we call on
responsible governments worldwide to disrupt and dismantle this activity," said
Ghazi Nasr al DinDirector of the Office of Hizballah supporter who(OFAC).
Adam J. Szubin,
is a Venezuela-based Foreign Assets Control has utilized his
position as a Venezuelan diplomat and the president of a Caracas-based Shi'a
Islamic Center to provide financial support to Hizballah. Nasr al Din served until
Today's action was taken pursuant to Executive Order 13224, which targets
recently as Charge d' Affaires at the Venezuelan for or on behalf of terrorists, and
terrorists, those owned or controlled by or acting Embassy in Damascus, Syria,
and was subsequently appointed the Director of Political Aspects at theor acts of
those providing financial, technological, or material support to terrorists
Venezuelan Embassydesignees hold under U.S. jurisdiction are frozen and U.S.
terrorism. Assets the in Lebanon.
persons are prohibited from engaging in transactions in property or interests in
Nasr al Din has counseled Hizballah donors on fundraising efforts and has
property blocked under the order.
provided donors with specific information on bank accounts where the donors'
Identifying Information
deposits would go directly to Hizballah.
Ghazi Nasr al Din DIN met with senior Hizballah officials in Lebanon to discuss
GHAZI NASR AL has
operational issues,is a well as facilitated the travel of Hizballah members to and
Ghazi Nasr al Din as Venezuela-based Hizballah supporter who has utilized his
from Venezuela. In late January 2006, Nasr al Din facilitated the travel of Shi'a
position as a Venezuelan diplomat and the president of a Caracas-based two
Hizballah representatives financial support Parliament toNasr al Din served until
Islamic Center to provide to the Lebanese to Hizballah. Caracas to solicit
donations for Hizballah and toat the Venezuelan Embassy Hizballah-sponsored
recently as Charge d' Affaires announce the opening of a in Damascus, Syria,
community center and office in Venezuela. The previous Aspects at theDin
and was subsequently appointed the Director of Political year, Nasr al
arranged theEmbassy Hizballah members to attend a training course in Iran.
Venezuelan travel of in Lebanon.
AKAs: Haj Ghazi Nasseredine
Nasr al Din has counseled Hizballah donors on fundraising efforts and has
provided donors with specific information on bank accounts where the donors'
Ghazi Nassereddine
deposits would go directly to Hizballah.
11/14/2011 37
Ghazi Nasr al Din has met with senior Hizballah officials in Lebanon to discuss
39. Terrorist Training: City of Qom
Notes:
• Recruiter:
• Rouhollah Kiyaei Nejad
• Cover of Iran Air
• Network of “Islamic
Centers” for proselytisms
and recruitment
11/14/2011 39
40. Terrorist Network: Structure
Mohsen Rabbani
Universidad Islámica de Irán
Gobiernos de Irán y Venezuela
Ciudad de Qom, IRAN
Sheij Suhail Assad
Encargado de dirigir los centros en
América Latina
Munir Valencia Sheij Rouhollah Kiyaei Nejad Shaij Mahmud Aid
Joao Adriano Olivera da Silva Sheij Seied Abdala Medina
Centro Cultural Islámico la Ciudad del Centro Islámico Centro Chileno Islámico de Cultura de
Centro Islámico de Belo Jardim Mesquita Al-Imam
Profeta Imán Khomeini – Simón Bolívar Puerto Montt
Brasil Argentina
Colombia Venezuela Chile
11/14/2011 40
42. Terrorism: Hezbollah in Venezuela
Army
Tareck General Edmundo
Abdul Dante Walid Zaidan Aref Rachani Kabchi
Rafael Imad Saab Raymundo
Ghani Makled Saab El Aissami Jimenez
Suleiman Rivas Garcia Maddah Kabchi
(Venezuelan (CAVIM
Wanked Quijada Kingpin List Caroni Group
Ambasador (Minister of President
(Director of in Syria)
(Lebanon) Saime) Interior) and PDVSA (Bolivar State)
Director)
11/14/2011 42
46. Caracas Terrorist Summit
Hezbollah – Hamas – Islamic Jihad
Notes:
• Internal Memorandum
from Venezuelan
embassy in Damascus
reveals plans for terror
meeting
• Venezuelan and Iranian
envoys met in May 2010
• Venezuelan “diplomat”
sanctioned by US
Treasury in 2008 for
aiding Hezbollah attended
11/14/2011 46
47. Caracas Terrorist Summit
Hezbollah – Hamas – Islamic Jihad
Notes:
• Original plan called for
Chavez to meet
Ahmadinejad and
Nasrallah in Lebanon
• Instead, terror leaders
were hosted in Caracas in
August 2010
11/14/2011 47
51. Iran’s Connections in the Region
Main operating base in
Venezuela
the region
Panama Financial Sector
Financial Sector and
Brazil
Uranium
Ecuador Minerals Trade
Maintenance facility for
Honduras
Iranian ‘tractors’
Bolivia Cement plant
Financing of Joint Projects
Argentina
in Venezuela
11/14/2011 51
54. Iran’s Connections: Ecuador
Notes:
$28,973,680 payment •
Dr. José Serrano Salgalo, •
Under Secretary of
Mines, Ecuador
Sr. M.T. Korei, Vice- •
Minister and Director of
Geological and Mineral
Exploration of the Islamic
Republic of Iran
11/14/2011 54
58. USA / Venuezuela Security Issues
Threats:
Iran’s radicalizing •
influence in the Americas
Nuclear technology •
Uranium mining, source •
of nuclear armament
production
Missile launch capability •
and closeness to USA
Hezbollah in Venezuela •
Drug trafficking •
USA southern border •
insecurity
59. Iran, the Americas
Clear Threat:
“The strong Iran •
is ready for
enemy-crushing
and tough
response in case
of any illogical
and violent
behavior by the
US.”
Iranian Defense •
Minister, Brig. Gen.
Ahmad Vahidi, while
visiting Bolivia,
June 1, 2011
60. Threat that Cannot be Exaggerated
…..or Ignored
‘Street War’:
“Iranian forces will fight with the enemies with maximum might and •
power all throughout the European and U.S. soil, if Iran comes under
Iranian parliamentarian, November 9, 2011 attack.”
‘IAEA says foreign expertise has brought Iran to threshold of
nuclear capability’
“Intelligence provided to U.N. nuclear officials shows that Iran’s •
government has mastered the critical steps needed to build a nuclear
weapon, receiving assistance from foreign scientists to overcome key
technical hurdles….”
The Washington Post, November 8, 2011