Placenta examination

1. Placenta examination
Performed as soon as possible after birth, examination of the placenta is a unique
opportunity to explore and understand the intrauterine environment, and also provides a
record of events that may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes
Purpose
 To assess for completeness
 To assess for normalcy
 To identify abnormalities
Requirements
 Apron
 A pair of gloves
 Large bowl
 A running water
Procedure
 Explain the procedure to the client/spouse and ask if they want to observe it
 Wash hands, wear an apron and gloves
 Estimate blood loss before examination under running water.
 Weigh placenta
 Examine the placenta under running water/bowl
 Spread out the placenta with the foetal surface uppermost inside a sink under
running water or in a large bowl containing adequate water.
Note the
Colour/appearance
Size
Shape
 Examine the umbilical cord, noting the length, point of insertion,number and
distribution of blood vessels , presence of any knots

2.  Note the state of membrane, strip chorion from amnion
 Turn to the maternal surface
 Hold the cord to lift the placenta up ; observe the colour of the membranes
 Spread out the membranes to look for extra vessels, count lobes for
completeness,tear or hole on the surface.
 Examine the cotyledons to ensure that they are all present
 Pack placenta after examination and place in a suitable container
 Remove gloves and apron
 Wash hands
 Tidy up the environment
 Record and report any identified abnormalities