This document discusses cleft lip and cleft palate (CLP), common congenital deformities resulting from disruptions during gestation. CLP can occur alone or as part of a genetic syndrome. While the exact causes are complex, both genetic and environmental factors contribute. Recent advances in genomic research have improved understanding of CLP etiology, though more work remains due to heterogeneity. Otolaryngologists play an important role in managing issues like feeding, speech, hearing that may arise from CLP.
This document discusses the phenomenon of ab initio DNA synthesis, where DNA polymerases can synthesize new DNA strands without a template. It provides a history of the discovery of this process and studies showing DNA polymerases can generate short repetitive sequences on their own. The document also explores how adding other enzymes like restriction endonucleases, nicking endonucleases and helicase can stimulate ab initio DNA synthesis. Finally, it proposes models for how this template-independent DNA synthesis may occur and discusses potential functional roles and implications.
Control of Microorganisms by Lowering pH (by Adding Organic Acids)Amna Jalil
This document discusses methods for controlling microorganisms through lowering the pH, specifically by adding organic acids. It defines pH and explains how most microbes grow best around pH 7 but some bacteria can grow at pH lower than 4. Organic acids like sorbic acid, benzoic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid are commonly used to lower the pH of foods and inhibit microbial growth. Their effective pH ranges are listed. The document also provides information on measuring pH and discusses how lowering pH through acidification or fermentation can preserve foods.
Understanding Security Basics: A Tutorial on Security Concepts and Technology Amna Jalil
This document outlines security concepts and systems for biosafety labs. It describes elements of security systems like clear zones, barriers, lighting, locks, and electronic security systems. These elements work together in concentric "rings of security" to deter, detect, assess, delay, and deny threats. The document also provides a hypothetical scenario of terrorist operatives surveilling and breaching security at several facilities, ultimately stealing biological materials from Plum Island Animal Disease Center due to weaknesses in its security systems.
This document discusses cleft lip and cleft palate (CLP), common congenital deformities resulting from disruptions during gestation. CLP can occur alone or as part of a genetic syndrome. While the exact causes are complex, both genetic and environmental factors contribute. Recent advances in genomic research have improved understanding of CLP etiology, though more work remains due to heterogeneity. Otolaryngologists play an important role in managing issues like feeding, speech, hearing that may arise from CLP.
This document discusses the phenomenon of ab initio DNA synthesis, where DNA polymerases can synthesize new DNA strands without a template. It provides a history of the discovery of this process and studies showing DNA polymerases can generate short repetitive sequences on their own. The document also explores how adding other enzymes like restriction endonucleases, nicking endonucleases and helicase can stimulate ab initio DNA synthesis. Finally, it proposes models for how this template-independent DNA synthesis may occur and discusses potential functional roles and implications.
Control of Microorganisms by Lowering pH (by Adding Organic Acids)Amna Jalil
This document discusses methods for controlling microorganisms through lowering the pH, specifically by adding organic acids. It defines pH and explains how most microbes grow best around pH 7 but some bacteria can grow at pH lower than 4. Organic acids like sorbic acid, benzoic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid are commonly used to lower the pH of foods and inhibit microbial growth. Their effective pH ranges are listed. The document also provides information on measuring pH and discusses how lowering pH through acidification or fermentation can preserve foods.
Understanding Security Basics: A Tutorial on Security Concepts and Technology Amna Jalil
This document outlines security concepts and systems for biosafety labs. It describes elements of security systems like clear zones, barriers, lighting, locks, and electronic security systems. These elements work together in concentric "rings of security" to deter, detect, assess, delay, and deny threats. The document also provides a hypothetical scenario of terrorist operatives surveilling and breaching security at several facilities, ultimately stealing biological materials from Plum Island Animal Disease Center due to weaknesses in its security systems.
The document discusses wastewater treatment processes for removing nitrogen. It describes the forms of nitrogen found in wastewater and explains why nitrogen needs to be treated. The nitrogen cycle and key processes like nitrification, denitrification, and biological nitrogen removal are summarized. Physicochemical and biological approaches to secondary treatment are compared.
Nexavar is a drug recommended by the FDA to treat liver cancer, thyroid cancer, and kidney cancer. It contains the chemical sorafenib, which is metabolized in the liver. Common side effects include bleeding, high blood pressure, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, rash, and fatigue. Sorafenib works as a multi-kinase inhibitor, blocking several types of kinases involved in tumor growth and angiogenesis. It was shown in a clinical study to help slow cancer growth and extend patient survival compared to those not receiving the drug.
This document provides information on performing risk assessments for various types of biosafety work. It discusses risk assessments for microbiological work, animal biosafety, genetically modified plants, and genetically modified organisms. For each type of risk assessment, it identifies key factors to consider such as pathogenicity, routes of infection, survival in the environment, and availability of treatments. It emphasizes that risk assessments should be performed by those most familiar with the specific organisms, equipment, and facilities being used.
Stem Cell Research & Related Ethical IssuesAmna Jalil
Stem cell research holds promise for new medical treatments but also raises ethical issues. There are several types of stem cells with varying differentiation potential. Embryonic stem cells can become any cell type but their extraction requires embryo destruction, raising moral concerns for some. Adult stem cells are more limited in differentiation but do not require embryo destruction. Religious views vary between support and opposition to embryonic research. Overall, the document discusses stem cell biology and properties, sources of stem cells, the potential medical applications and ethical issues surrounding stem cell research.
This document describes several methods for isolating genomic DNA from mammalian cells and tissues. It begins with an introduction to DNA structure and stability. It then discusses four main stages of DNA separation: disruption, lysis, removal of proteins/contaminants, and DNA recovery. Several specific techniques are outlined, including phenol/chloroform extraction and formamide/dialysis methods. The document concludes with a detailed protocol for extracting human nuclear DNA from blood using proteinase K and phenol.
This document discusses virus transmission and the various modes by which viruses can spread from person to person or host to host. It explains that transmission depends on viral concentration and route, with higher concentration leading to higher transmission chances. Some key transmission routes mentioned are respiratory secretions, blood, saliva, feces, and various entry points into the host like skin, eyes, and respiratory or alimentary tracts. The document also outlines some inherent barriers hosts have against viral infection, such as skin, lack of receptors, mucus, ciliated epithelium, and low pH levels.
RNA splicing is a process in which introns are removed from pre-mRNA transcripts and exons are joined together to produce mature mRNA. There are three main types of splicing pathways: spliceosomal splicing, self-splicing, and tRNA splicing. Spliceosomal splicing involves the spliceosome complex and is the most common in eukaryotes. Self-splicing occurs without proteins through ribozyme activity. tRNA splicing uses ribonucleases and ligases. Alternative splicing allows different mRNA isoforms to be produced from the same pre-mRNA. Splicing errors can cause genetic diseases by disrupting protein sequences.
Yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) are engineered DNA molecules that can clone and replicate large DNA sequences in yeast cells. YACs contain essential yeast elements like a centromere and telomeres that allow them to behave like natural yeast chromosomes. YACs can clone very large inserts of up to 10 megabases of foreign DNA, making them useful for generating whole genome libraries.
Population ecology is the study of populations in relation to their environment. It examines factors like population size, density, dispersion patterns, demographics, survivorship curves, and population growth. Population size is influenced by birth rate, death rate, immigration, and emigration. Population density is measured as the number of individuals per unit area. A population's dispersion can be random, uniform, or clumped. Demographic factors include age structure, sex ratio, and life tables. Survivorship curves illustrate survival rates at different ages. Population growth can be exponential or logistic depending on environmental limits.
Este documento anuncia una excursión de otoño para un grupo juvenil llamado LesNab's que se llevará a cabo el 23 de septiembre. Incluye instrucciones sobre la hora de salida y regreso, los artículos que deben traer los participantes como almuerzo, agua y ropa adecuada, y solicita la autorización parental para la participación y tratamiento médico en caso de emergencia.
The document discusses wastewater treatment processes for removing nitrogen. It describes the forms of nitrogen found in wastewater and explains why nitrogen needs to be treated. The nitrogen cycle and key processes like nitrification, denitrification, and biological nitrogen removal are summarized. Physicochemical and biological approaches to secondary treatment are compared.
Nexavar is a drug recommended by the FDA to treat liver cancer, thyroid cancer, and kidney cancer. It contains the chemical sorafenib, which is metabolized in the liver. Common side effects include bleeding, high blood pressure, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, rash, and fatigue. Sorafenib works as a multi-kinase inhibitor, blocking several types of kinases involved in tumor growth and angiogenesis. It was shown in a clinical study to help slow cancer growth and extend patient survival compared to those not receiving the drug.
This document provides information on performing risk assessments for various types of biosafety work. It discusses risk assessments for microbiological work, animal biosafety, genetically modified plants, and genetically modified organisms. For each type of risk assessment, it identifies key factors to consider such as pathogenicity, routes of infection, survival in the environment, and availability of treatments. It emphasizes that risk assessments should be performed by those most familiar with the specific organisms, equipment, and facilities being used.
Stem Cell Research & Related Ethical IssuesAmna Jalil
Stem cell research holds promise for new medical treatments but also raises ethical issues. There are several types of stem cells with varying differentiation potential. Embryonic stem cells can become any cell type but their extraction requires embryo destruction, raising moral concerns for some. Adult stem cells are more limited in differentiation but do not require embryo destruction. Religious views vary between support and opposition to embryonic research. Overall, the document discusses stem cell biology and properties, sources of stem cells, the potential medical applications and ethical issues surrounding stem cell research.
This document describes several methods for isolating genomic DNA from mammalian cells and tissues. It begins with an introduction to DNA structure and stability. It then discusses four main stages of DNA separation: disruption, lysis, removal of proteins/contaminants, and DNA recovery. Several specific techniques are outlined, including phenol/chloroform extraction and formamide/dialysis methods. The document concludes with a detailed protocol for extracting human nuclear DNA from blood using proteinase K and phenol.
This document discusses virus transmission and the various modes by which viruses can spread from person to person or host to host. It explains that transmission depends on viral concentration and route, with higher concentration leading to higher transmission chances. Some key transmission routes mentioned are respiratory secretions, blood, saliva, feces, and various entry points into the host like skin, eyes, and respiratory or alimentary tracts. The document also outlines some inherent barriers hosts have against viral infection, such as skin, lack of receptors, mucus, ciliated epithelium, and low pH levels.
RNA splicing is a process in which introns are removed from pre-mRNA transcripts and exons are joined together to produce mature mRNA. There are three main types of splicing pathways: spliceosomal splicing, self-splicing, and tRNA splicing. Spliceosomal splicing involves the spliceosome complex and is the most common in eukaryotes. Self-splicing occurs without proteins through ribozyme activity. tRNA splicing uses ribonucleases and ligases. Alternative splicing allows different mRNA isoforms to be produced from the same pre-mRNA. Splicing errors can cause genetic diseases by disrupting protein sequences.
Yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) are engineered DNA molecules that can clone and replicate large DNA sequences in yeast cells. YACs contain essential yeast elements like a centromere and telomeres that allow them to behave like natural yeast chromosomes. YACs can clone very large inserts of up to 10 megabases of foreign DNA, making them useful for generating whole genome libraries.
Population ecology is the study of populations in relation to their environment. It examines factors like population size, density, dispersion patterns, demographics, survivorship curves, and population growth. Population size is influenced by birth rate, death rate, immigration, and emigration. Population density is measured as the number of individuals per unit area. A population's dispersion can be random, uniform, or clumped. Demographic factors include age structure, sex ratio, and life tables. Survivorship curves illustrate survival rates at different ages. Population growth can be exponential or logistic depending on environmental limits.
Este documento anuncia una excursión de otoño para un grupo juvenil llamado LesNab's que se llevará a cabo el 23 de septiembre. Incluye instrucciones sobre la hora de salida y regreso, los artículos que deben traer los participantes como almuerzo, agua y ropa adecuada, y solicita la autorización parental para la participación y tratamiento médico en caso de emergencia.
Viceverba_appdelmes_0624_joc per aprendre verbs llatinsDaniel Fernández
Vice Verba és una aplicació educativa dissenyada per ajudar els estudiants de llatí a aprendre i practicar verbs llatins d'una manera interactiva i entretinguda.
Implica't+ amb la Carta de la Terra i l'Agenda 2030
Pla lector le sfonts que tenim
1. PROJECTE DE FONT EN FONT CURS 2013/14
LLEGIM
PLA DE TREBALL LLIBRE DE LECTURA:
LES FONTS QUE TENIM
Osona i el Lluçanès
APARTATS DEL TREBALL FEINES A FER... DATA
1. LES DADES DEL LLIBRE Títol:
Autor:
Editorial:
Any 1ª edició:
2. LECTURA PÀGINA DARRERA
PORTADA.
Qui són el Grup de Defensa del Ter?
Amb quines sigles es coneixen?
Any de fundació:
N’havies sentit parlar mai? SÍ NO
I els teus pares n’havien sentit a parlar? SI NO
Què volien recuperar?
Nº de socis de l’entitat?
Escriu dues activitats que ha fet el Grup de
Defensa del Ter?
3. Observem l’índex del llibre. Quantes fonts del Bisaura hi ha a l’índex?
PLA LECTOR DATA OBSERVACIONS
ÍNDEX - Observació de les fonts del Bisaura.
FONTS I VIVÈNCIES P.18 - Fitxa de diccionari: FONT i CÀNTIR
QUÈ ÉS UNA FONT? P.20
HIDROLOGIA
- Fitxa diccionari: HIDROLOGIA i AQÜIFERS
2. DATA
LA VEGETACIÓ I LA
FAUNA ASSOCIADA A LES
FONTS P.26
Arbres:
Arbustos:
Herbes:
Aus:
Mamífers:
SITUACIÓ DE LES FONTS
P. 45
Quin és el màxim de nitrats permès per l’OMS?
OMS=
Hi pots localitzar alguna font de Sant Quirze de
Besora? SÏ NO
Nom de la font:
Nitrats mg/l:
Data de l’anàlisi:
INVENTARI DE LES FONTS
SÍMBOLS MAPES
SÍMBOLS DELS
ESQUEMES DE LES FONTS
P. 61-62-63
Observa’ls bé et poden servir de model per fer
el teu plànol de la font.
EL BISAURA P.66 Llegeix el text en veu alta i observa el mapa de
la pàgina 67.
FONT CODINETA P.68-69 Llegeix la fitxa de la font.
FONT DEL CASTELL P.70 Llegeix la fitxa de la font.
FONT DE L’ESPADALER
P.73
Llegeix la fitxa de la font.
LES SET FONTS P.199 Llegeix la fitxa de la font.
FONTSANTA P.232 Llegeix la fitxa de la font.
3. DATA
FONT DEL BASSALET
P. 236
Llegeix la fitxa de la font.
FONT DELS OCELLS
P. 240
Llegeix la fitxa de la font.
8. VISITES WEBS: http://www.defontenfont.cat
9.OPINIÓ PERSONAL -Opinió personal del llibre referent a:
Tema
Continguts
Nivell d’interès
Coses apreses
Recomanació
LES ANOTACIONS DE LA SESSIÓ DE LLEGIM: