2. Dr. Nikita Nanwani @ Unacademy
APGAR is used to test which system function
a) RS
b) CVS
c) CNS
d) All
3. Dr. Nikita Nanwani @ Unacademy
How many parameters are included in APGAR
score?
a) 4
b) 5
c) 6
d) 3
4. Dr. Nikita Nanwani @ Unacademy
Minimum and maximum APGAR score is
a) 0, 6
b) 3,15
c) 0,10
d) 0,15
5. Dr. Nikita Nanwani @ Unacademy
Not included in APGAR score
a) Pulse
b) Appearance
c) Respiratory rate
d) Activity
6. Dr. Nikita Nanwani @ Unacademy
Which of the following APGAR scores has worst
prognosis?
a) 10
b) 6
c) 8
d) 4
7. Dr. Nikita Nanwani @ Unacademy
Which of the following APGAR scores indicate
sever asphyxia
a) 5
b) 6
c) 4
d) 2
8. Dr. Nikita Nanwani @ Unacademy
The cut off for Pulse rate to be score 2 in
APGAR is
a) Less than 60
b) More than 60
c) Less than 100
d) More than 100
9. Dr. Nikita Nanwani @ Unacademy
Score 1 in appearance
a) Entire body pink
b) Blue body, pink extremities
c) Entire body blue
d) Pink body, blue extremities
10. UNACADEMY COEC - DRNIKITALIVE
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A 1-minute-old newborn boy is being examined by the pediatric nurse. The nurse
auscultates the heart and determines that the heart rate is 89/min. The respiratory rate is
spontaneous and regular. The chest and abdomen are both pink, while the tips of the
fingers and toes are blue. When the newborn’s foot is slapped, his face grimaces and he
cries loud and strong. When his arms are extended by the nurse, they flex back quickly.
What is this patient’s Apgar score?
a) 5
b) 6
c) 7
d) 8
e) 9
11. UNACADEMY COEC - DRNIKITALIVE
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Score of 2 Score of 1 Score of 0
Appearance Body and extremities have
a pink appearance.
Pink body with blue
extremities
Body and extremities are blue.
Heart rate
(Pulse)
Greater than 100/min Less than 100/min No heartbeat auscultated
Grimace (reflex irritability
to tactile stimulation)
Cries, coughs, or sneezes Facial grimace, weak cry No response to stimulation
Activity (muscle tone and
movement)
Good flexion and
movement
Limited flexion Limp
Respiration Regular breathing with a
strong cry
Irregular breaths, weak or
slow breathing
No breath sounds auscultated
12. UNACADEMY COEC - DRNIKITALIVE
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13. UNACADEMY COEC - DRNIKITALIVE
Use code “drnikita” to join free classes and for subscription with additional discount
21. Marasmus Kwashiorkor
Seen in infants less than 1 year of age Seen in older children (6 months to 3 years of age)
Total calorie deficit Protein deficit
NO edema Edema is prominent
Voracious appetite, no apathy Apathy and loss of appetite
Severe muscle wasting Muscle wasting mild or absent
Prominent ribs Protuberant abdomen
No Fatty liver, no subcutaneous fat Fatty liver, Subcutaneous fat preserved
26. Deficiency of cortisol
and aldosterone; 1 in
testosterone
Deficiency of cortisol
and sex hormones; 1 in
aldosterone
Deficiency of cortisol; 1
in deoxycorticosterone
(mineralocorticoid) and
testosterone
Deficiency of cortisol,
aldosterone and
testosterone; 1 in
DHEA
Salt wasting crises Salt
retention
and
hypertensio
n
Salt
retention
and
hypertensio
n
Salt-wasting crises
Virilization of
females
(ambiguous
genitalia 46XX)
Failure of sexual
development in
females at puberty
Virilization of
females
(ambiguous
genitalia 46XX)
Females are mildly
virilized (DHEA is a
weak androgen)
Precocious
puberty in males
Males are
incompletely
virilized (ambiguous
genitalia 46XY)
Precocious
puberty in males
Males are
incompletely
virilized (ambiguous
genitalia 46XY)
28. • Small white papules
on an erythematous
base which is usually
present on the face,
trunk and
extremities.
?
• Slate-blue,
demarcated areas of
pigmentation seen
over the buttocks
and back.
?
• Bulla on upper limb
caused by vigorous
sucking on affected
part in-utero
?
29. • nests of epithelial cells,
that appear as
whitish/yellowish spots on
hard palate.
• Usually, resolve by 3
months.
Epstein
Pearls
• Transient lacy reticular
vascular pattern of skin
caused due to exaggerated
physiologic vasomotor
response on exposure to
low environmental
temperature.
Cutis
Marmorata
• Solitary or scattered
superficial bullae present
at birth on the upper limbs
of infants which are caused
by vigorous sucking on the
affected part in-utero.
Sucking
Blisters
30. • small white papules on an
erythematous base which is
usually present on the face,
trunk and extremities. -
EOSINOPHILS
?
• Slate-blue, demarcated areas
of pigmentation seen over the
buttocks and back.
?
• Benign lesions seen
predominantly in black
neonates- Neutrophils-
vesiculopustular erution
?
31. • small white papules on an
erythematous base which is
usually present on the face,
trunk and extremities.
Erythema
toxicum
• Slate-blue, demarcated areas
of pigmentation seen over
the buttocks and back.
Mongolian
spots /
Dermal
Melanocytosis
• Benign lesions seen
predominantly in black
neonates
Pustular
melanosis
32. •Pearly opalescent white,
epidermal inclusion cysts
usually over the face.
?
•White-Yellow papules on nose of
a newborn due to hyperplastic
sebaceous glands
?
33. •Pearly opalescent white,
epidermal inclusion cysts
usually over the face.
Milia
•White-Yellow papules on nose of
a newborn due to hyperplastic
sebaceous glands
Sebaceous
Hyperplasia
