The document discusses the legal basis for physical education, emphasizing its recognition as a fundamental right and its mandates in the Philippines for promoting sports and physical development. It details components of physical fitness, importance of fitness testing, and principles guiding these tests to evaluate an individual's fitness. Additionally, it outlines specific tests for various populations that assess different aspects of physical abilities.

1. Why is Physical Education
still included in College?
PATHFIT 1

2. Legal Basis of Physical
Education
PATHFIT 1

3. LEGAL BASIS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
• In 1978, the UNESCO described sport and physical education as a fundamental right for all: “all forms of physical activity that
contribute to physical fitness, mental wellness and social interaction, such as play, recreation, organized or competitive sport, and
indigenous sports and games.”
• Article 14, Section 19 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution mandates that “The State [to] promote physical education and
encourage sports programs, league competitions, and amateur sports, including training for international competitions to foster self-
discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry. All educational institutions shall undertake
regular sports activities throughout the countries in cooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors.”
• Republic Act No. 5708, known as The Schools Physical Education and Sports Development Act of 1969 provided for “An
integrated physical education and sports development program in all schools in the Philippines (Section 2)…the goal is to instill in
young citizens a proper appreciation of the importance of physical development hand in hand with the mental development in
individual and social activities (1) and the provision for “a well-rounded physical education program must be addressed to physical
growth, social training, and personal discipline for all pupils and students as well as superior athletic achievement for those who are
psychologically inclined and physically gifted (2).”

4. WHAT IS PHYSICAL FITNESS?
• Physical Fitness is the body’s ability to function efficiently and effectively. It
is a state of being that consists of at least five health-related and six skill-
related physical fitness components, each of it contributes to total quality
of life.
• Fitness testing is a way of gaining information about the health-related and
skill related components of a person’s fitness. Testing can take place in a
number of environments, with laboratory testing being the most accurate.

5. REASONS FOR FITNESS TESTING
• To highlight the strengths and weakness of an athlete enabling a training program to be
devised which addresses the findings;
• To evaluate a training program, to see if it is helping the athlete in achieving set goal;
• To measure fitness levels following injury, illness or following the off season
• To assist in setting goals
• To determine health status (in the non-sporting population)
• Talent identification
• To aid motivation

6. PRINCIPLES OF FITNESS TESTING
• Specificity: Fitness tests must assess an individuals fitness for the activity or sport in question. For
example, there is little point in using a running endurance test to assess an athletes improvement in
cycling endurance.
• Validity: Fitness tests must measure the component of fitness that they are supposed to. For example, is
your sit and reach test measuring solely the flexibility of the hamstrings or are there other factors involved.
• Objectivity: Sometimes also known as inter-tester reliability. A test that is objective will produce the same
results for the same individual, regardless of the tester, or technician administering the test.
• Reliability: A reliable test produces the same results if repeated. For example, an assessor trained in
skin-fold measurements will produce the same result, when the same area is re-tested shortly after.

7. HEALTH-RELATED COMPONENTS
• Cardiovascular Endurance - Cardiovascular endurance is also referred to as aerobic fitness, and is a measure of
the athlete’s ability to continue with exercise which places demands on the circulatory and respiratory system over a
prolonged period of time. This occurs in activities such as running, walking, cycling and swimming.
• Muscular Strength - Muscular strength is the maximal force that can be applied against a resistance. It could be
measured by the largest weight a person could lift. or the largest body they could push or pull.
• Muscular Endurance - Muscular endurance differs from muscular strength in that it is a measure of a person’s ability
to repeatedly apply maximal force, for example in a series of press ups, over a period of time.
• Flexibility - Flexibility is the measure of free movement in a person’s joints. This is especially important in
gymnastics.
• Body Composition - Body composition is usually measured by the percentage body fat a person carries.

8. PERFORMANCE RELATED COMPONENTS
• Agility - is the ability to change and control the direction and position of the body while maintaining a constant, rapid motion. For
example, changing directions to hit a tennis ball.
• Balance - is the ability to control or stabilize the body when a person is standing still or moving. For example, in-line skating.
• Coordination - is the ability to use the senses together with body parts during movement. For example, dribbling a basketball. Using
hands and eyes together is called hand-eye coordination.
• Reaction Time - the time elapsed between stimulation and the beginning or reaction to that stimulation. Driving a racing car and
starting a sprint race require good reaction time.
• Speed - is the ability to move your body or parts of your body swiftly. Many sports rely on speed to gain advantage over your
opponents.
• Example: A basketball player making a fast break to perform a layup, a tennis player moving forward to get to a drop shot, a football
player out running the defense to receive a pass.
• Power - is the ability to move the body parts swiftly while applying the maximum force of the muscles. Power is a combination of both
speed and muscular strength.

9. Aside from the given reasons for
Fitness testing, share your other
answers or ideas about why is it
important for a person to undergo
fitness testing.

10. FITNESS TEST PROTOCOLS
• Fitness Test Protocol is a set of standards test that are performed for fitness
testing. Test protocols vary depending on the physical demands of a person, for
example, an athlete who will be competing for a specific sports. It can be modified
to suit the individual needs of a person.
• There are also specific tests for those with special needs, such as the young,
elderly, and obese. The same goes for testing the general population. Depending
on what the purpose of the testing, the current fitness levels, the social group or
vocational group, there will be different tests that you may want to conduct.

11. PERSONAL MAXIMUM HEART RATE
You will be introduced with several warm-up exercises which you will be performing before conducting any other physical activity, but before
proceeding to the physical activities, you should know first your PMHR (Personal Maximal Heart Rate) and THR (Target Heart Rate).
A. To get for your Personal Maximal Heart Rate:
Here’s how it is: 220 - age = ______________ PMHR
B. To get your Target Moderate Heart Rate (40 - 55%)
Here’s how it is: MHR x 0.4 = _____________bpm
MHR x 0.55 = ______________bpm
C. To get your Target Vigorous Heart Rate (60 - 85%)
Here’s how it is: MHR x 0.6 = _____________bpm
MHR x 0.85 = ______________bpm

12. FITNESS TEST
• 3 minute step test
• Sit-up
• Push-up
• Sit and Reach
• Zipper Test
• Hexagon
• Stork Stand
• Trunk Lift
• Shuttle Run

13. 3-MINUTES STEP TEST
Compute your VO2 Max:
FOR MAN: VO₂ max= 111.33 – (0.42 X HR
recovery)
FOR WOMAN: VO₂ max= 65.81 – (01847
X HR Recovery