The document discusses the difference between active and passive voice in sentences. It provides examples of sentences written in active voice, where the subject performs the action, and examples written in passive voice, where the object is the one that performs the action. It explains that in passive voice constructions, the subject of the active voice becomes the object of the passive voice, and vice versa, and the verb "to be" is used in the same tense as the active voice verb.

1. ACTIVE and PASSIVE VOICE
by Chris Araújo

2. What are they? Who makes them?

3. What are they? Who makes them?
Apple makes IPhones.
IPhones are made by Apple.

4. What movie is this? Who filmed it?

5. What movie is this? Who filmed it?
Disney-Pixar's filmed Toy Story.
Toy Story was filmed by Disney-Pixar's.

6. Who is this? Where is she from?

7. Who is this? Where is she from?
This is Dilma. She is from Minas Gerais.
Dilma was born in Minas Gerais.

8. What is this? Who makes them?

9. What is this? Who makes them?
McDonald’s makes Big Macs.
Big Macs are made by McDonald’s.

10. What are they? Who reads them?

11. What are they? Who reads them?
People read books everywhere.
Books are read everywhere.

12. What is this? Who bakes them?

13. What is this? Who bakes them?
Chris bakes cakes.
Cakes are baked by Chris.

14. What is this? Who drinks it?

15. What is this? Who drinks it?
Many people drink wine.
Wine is drunk by many people.

16. What is this? Who gave it to the US?

17. What is this? Who gave it to the US?
France gave the Statue of Liberty to the US.
The Statue of Liberty was given to the US. by
France.

18. Subject Verb Object
Apple makes IPhones.
Subject Verb Object
France gave the Statue of
Liberty...

19. Subject Verb Object
Apple makes IPhones.
Subject Verb Object
France gave the Statue of
Liberty...
In both sentences, the verb is in the
active voice: the subject PERFORMS
the action.

20. Subject
Subject of Verb
To be + 3rd preposition Object
Object
the passive performer
Apple makes IPhones.
IPhones are made by Apple
Subject of To be + 3rd preposition Object
the passive performer
The Statue was given by France
of Liberty

21. Subject
Subject of Verb
To be + 3rd preposition Object
Object
the passive performer
Apple makes IPhones.
IPhones are made by Apple
Subject of To be + 3rd preposition Object
the passive performer
The Statue was given by France
of Liberty
In these sentences, the verb is in the
passive voice: the object is the one
that PERFORMS the action.

22. Subject Verb Object
France
Apple gave
makes the Statue of
IPhones.
(past tense) Liberty...
Subject of To be + 3rd preposition Object
the passive Performer
The Statue was given by France
of Liberty (to be=
past tense)

23. Subject Verb Object
France
Apple gave
makes the Statue of
IPhones.
(past tense) Liberty...
Subject of To be + 3rd preposition Object
the passive Performer
The Statue was given by France
of Liberty (to be=
past tense)
The subject of the active the object of the passive.
The object of the active the subject of the passive.

24. Subject Verb Object
France
Apple gave
makes the Statue of
IPhones.
(past tense) Liberty...
Subject of To be + 3rd preposition Object
the passive performer
The Statue was given by France
of Liberty (to be=
past tense)
When in the passive voice, the verb
TO BE is always in the same tense of
the verb in the active voice.

25. Now you try it!

26. What is it? Who manufactured them?

27. What is it? Who manufactured them?
Volkswagen manufactured Fuscas.

28. What is it? Who manufactured them?
Volkswagen manufactured Fuscas.
Fuscas were manufactured by Volkswagen.

29. What are they?
Where can you find them?

30. What are they?
Where can you find them?
You can find Phone booths in London.

31. What are they?
Where can you find them?
You can find Phone booths in London.
Phone booths can be found in London.

32. Who is this? Where is he from?
(born)

33. Who is this? Where is he from?
This is Serra. He is from São Paulo.

34. Who is this? Where is he from?
This is Serra. He is from São Paulo.
Serra was born in São Paulo.

35. What are they? Who makes them?

36. What are they? Who makes them?
Nike makes tennis shoes.

37. What are they? Who makes them?
Nike makes tennis shoes.
Tennis shoes are made by Nike.

38. What are they? Who loves them?

39. What are they? Who loves them?
Brazilians love brigadeiros.

40. What are they? Who loves them?
Brazilians love brigadeiros.
Brigadeiros are loved by Brazilians.

41. Who is this? When did he get
elected?

42. Who is this? When did he get
elected?
This is Lula. He got elected in 2006.

43. Who is this? When did he get
elected?
This is Lula. He got elected in 2006.
Lula was elected in 2006.