National Congress on Communications and Computer Aided Electronic Systems (CCAES 2012)
[1] A novel method is proposed to differentiate between palm leaf scribers using 2D correlation. Palm leaves from two scribers are used as samples.
[2] The method captures depth information from palm leaf images and compares pixel point coordinates of characters written by different scribers in the YZ plane.
[3] 2D correlation values are calculated between test character images and database images of the same character written by different scribers. Higher correlation with one scriber indicates the test character was written by that scriber. The method correctly identified the scriber for over 300 tested characters.
Palm leaf character recognition using radon transformವಿ ಸುಲೇಖಾ
This document discusses challenges in recognizing characters from ancient palm leaves and proposes a method using Radon transform. It notes difficulties like ink seepage and damage. It presents a character recognition system involving data acquisition, binarization, normalization, segmentation, and feature extraction. Recognizing characters from palm leaves' 3D depth information improves accuracy over 2D. The method achieves over 90% accuracy on basic Telugu characters. It concludes Radon transform effectively uses palm leaves' depth feature and future work can automate 3D data collection.
This project presents a new strategy for load shedding with the aim of providing the consumers with the benefit of using high priority loads of their choice, even when load shedding is done.
A simple low cost bidirectional Power Line Communication (PLC) system is utilized to control and monitor the loads of consumer.
Started to create milestones, we Godwell Engineering Products marked our presence in the year 1969 and operates in the manufacturing/servicing of Sieving Machine, Curling Machine, Hydraulic Coir Fiber Baling Press, Hydraulic Press Briquettes, Hydraulic Press since 42 years. Our quality services/products have always won us many appreciations from our clients. Our spontaneous performance and confident approach in offering the excellent range of Sieving Machine, Curling Machine, Hydraulic Coir Fiber Baling Press, Hydraulic Press Briquettes, Hydraulic Press, Coir Fibre Extraction Machinery that has made us to deepen our roots in the market. We Godwell Engineering Products breathe with the aim to satisfy our clients with our smart products/services. We are a unit of highly experienced professionals who all contribute best of their potentials to offer high efficiency.
every one should inculcate the habit of Cow feeding. the brief description of feeding cows with different pulses to over come problems in life. pl forward this to ur friends and needy.
1. The document describes an idol of Lord Ganesh called Swetarka (Tella Jilledu) Ganapati, made from the roots of a Calotropis plant.
2. Worshipping this idol is said to fulfill desires, remove obstacles, and protect against enemies according to Tantra scriptures.
3. Establishing the idol at home is believed to bring prosperity, wealth, and remove misfortune.
1. Feng shui tips include avoiding flats on stilt floors or with three doors in a line which can cause instability or bad effects, and placing sacred symbols, plants, and technical gadgets in specific areas to attract good fortune.
2. Other tips are removing clutter, lighting incense regularly, hanging a chandelier to enhance family relations, and signing documents during certain moon phases.
3. Maintaining the home by replacing leaky taps and broken items along with using water features can activate energy and improve finances according to feng shui principles.
The document provides 31 tips for saving money, including avoiding impulse purchases, reducing unnecessary expenses, refinancing debts at lower rates, waiting for prices to drop before buying electronics, rewarding yourself for savings by watching your accounts grow, limiting dining out and entertainment spending, creating a monthly savings plan, being patient and not giving up on saving goals. It also recommends saving on household energy and insurance costs, using talents to earn extra income, and reducing spending on drinking, smoking and prepared meals.
Palm leaf character recognition using radon transformವಿ ಸುಲೇಖಾ
This document discusses challenges in recognizing characters from ancient palm leaves and proposes a method using Radon transform. It notes difficulties like ink seepage and damage. It presents a character recognition system involving data acquisition, binarization, normalization, segmentation, and feature extraction. Recognizing characters from palm leaves' 3D depth information improves accuracy over 2D. The method achieves over 90% accuracy on basic Telugu characters. It concludes Radon transform effectively uses palm leaves' depth feature and future work can automate 3D data collection.
This project presents a new strategy for load shedding with the aim of providing the consumers with the benefit of using high priority loads of their choice, even when load shedding is done.
A simple low cost bidirectional Power Line Communication (PLC) system is utilized to control and monitor the loads of consumer.
Started to create milestones, we Godwell Engineering Products marked our presence in the year 1969 and operates in the manufacturing/servicing of Sieving Machine, Curling Machine, Hydraulic Coir Fiber Baling Press, Hydraulic Press Briquettes, Hydraulic Press since 42 years. Our quality services/products have always won us many appreciations from our clients. Our spontaneous performance and confident approach in offering the excellent range of Sieving Machine, Curling Machine, Hydraulic Coir Fiber Baling Press, Hydraulic Press Briquettes, Hydraulic Press, Coir Fibre Extraction Machinery that has made us to deepen our roots in the market. We Godwell Engineering Products breathe with the aim to satisfy our clients with our smart products/services. We are a unit of highly experienced professionals who all contribute best of their potentials to offer high efficiency.
every one should inculcate the habit of Cow feeding. the brief description of feeding cows with different pulses to over come problems in life. pl forward this to ur friends and needy.
1. The document describes an idol of Lord Ganesh called Swetarka (Tella Jilledu) Ganapati, made from the roots of a Calotropis plant.
2. Worshipping this idol is said to fulfill desires, remove obstacles, and protect against enemies according to Tantra scriptures.
3. Establishing the idol at home is believed to bring prosperity, wealth, and remove misfortune.
1. Feng shui tips include avoiding flats on stilt floors or with three doors in a line which can cause instability or bad effects, and placing sacred symbols, plants, and technical gadgets in specific areas to attract good fortune.
2. Other tips are removing clutter, lighting incense regularly, hanging a chandelier to enhance family relations, and signing documents during certain moon phases.
3. Maintaining the home by replacing leaky taps and broken items along with using water features can activate energy and improve finances according to feng shui principles.
The document provides 31 tips for saving money, including avoiding impulse purchases, reducing unnecessary expenses, refinancing debts at lower rates, waiting for prices to drop before buying electronics, rewarding yourself for savings by watching your accounts grow, limiting dining out and entertainment spending, creating a monthly savings plan, being patient and not giving up on saving goals. It also recommends saving on household energy and insurance costs, using talents to earn extra income, and reducing spending on drinking, smoking and prepared meals.
Men's health requires maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Eat a balanced diet low in fat and high in nutrients. Exercise regularly by doing activities you enjoy like walking, sports, or strength training. See your doctor for routine checkups and screenings to catch any health issues early.
Loyola Academy, Alwal , Secunderabad-10. B.Sc (chemical Technology). This document provides instructions for an engineering drawing practical exam to be held on October 18th, 2012 for 2 hours. It lists 6 questions to choose 4 from related to constructing geometric shapes like an ellipse, isometric views of solids, bisecting a line and angle, inscribing a circle in a square, constructing a hexagon, and constructing a parabola. Neatness will be considered in scoring.
The document provides 9 engineering graphics questions to choose 5 from. The questions cover topics like constructing an epicycloid, drawing an ellipse with given parameters, determining projections and measurements of lines and shapes, drawing projections of various objects like a pyramid, prism, and cone, developing the surface of a truncated cone, and constructing a vernier scale. The student is asked to answer any 5 questions by drawing the requested projections, shapes, or scales and providing any necessary measurements or calculations. Neatness is also considered in grading the responses.
This document discusses different types of astrological charts used in Vedic astrology. It mentions Moon lagna and Surya lagna charts which are based on calculating the zodiac sign rising at birth based on the Moon and Sun positions respectively. It also refers to the names of houses which likely refers to the twelve astrological houses used to analyze different areas of life in a birth chart.
(1) Students can patent their inventions and earn money if their ideas are commercialized. (2) Understanding IPR helps students respect others' creations and avoid plagiarism. (3) Learning about patents and copyrights can inspire students to be more innovative and help solve problems through new inventions.
Frequently asked questions in INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSSRINIVASULU N V
Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind such as inventions, designs, artistic works, and symbols used in commerce. There are seven main types of intellectual property according to international agreements: patents, industrial designs, trademarks, copyright, geographical indications, integrated circuit layout designs, and undisclosed information/trade secrets. The Designs Act protects new or original designs applied to articles to be manufactured industrially. Registration under the Act confers an initial 10-year copyright on the design. This can be extended for an additional 5 years. Piracy of a registered design for commercial purposes without permission is illegal and can result in fines.
Copy right ppt in intellectual property rightsSRINIVASULU N V
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPR) in India, including patents, industrial designs, trademarks, copyrights, geographical indications, and related rights. It discusses the types of intellectual property available, how to obtain each type of protection, and some key features and amendments of Indian IPR legislation. The document also outlines the structure of IPR administration and enforcement in India under the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks.
This document summarizes a study that performed PSD (Power Spectral Density) analysis on an automobile dash panel to reduce vibrations. PSD analysis was conducted on a bare dash panel model and a dash panel model with a damping material placed between the panel and a doubler sheet. Modal analysis was performed to obtain mode shapes, which were compared to laser vibrometer test data. PSD vs frequency graphs were plotted and vibration levels were compared between the bare panel and damped panel models. The goal was to identify natural frequencies and reduce noise by using a damping material.
The document presents an analytical method called the dynamic stiffness matrix approach to analyze the torsional vibrations and buckling of thin-walled beams of open section that are resting on an elastic foundation. The method is used to study a thin-walled beam that is clamped at one end and simply supported at the other. Numerical results for the natural frequencies and buckling loads are obtained for different values of warping and elastic foundation parameters.
This document discusses applications of nanotechnology in electronics and mechanical engineering. It outlines several key areas where nanotechnology can have impact, such as semiconductors, passive components, display materials, and packaging/interconnection. For semiconductors, it describes potential applications like doping carbon nanotubes and creating quantum dots. It also discusses using nanoparticles to fabricate nanowire structures for uses like sensors. For packaging, it notes nanotubes and diamond films can improve thermal performance. The document concludes that over the next five years, significant new nanomaterials and processes will address important industry issues, and longer-term nanotechnology will extend or replace technologies to meet customer needs.
This document discusses applications of nanotechnology in electronics and mechanical engineering. It outlines several key areas where nanotechnology can have impact, such as semiconductors, packaging, boards/substrates, and passive components. For semiconductors, nanotechnology allows for doping of nanotubes and creation of quantum dots. It also discusses using nanotubes for quantum computing. For packaging, nanotubes and diamond films can improve thermal conductivity. The document also outlines several developing applications of nanotechnology in nanoelectronics, such as flexible displays, high-density memory chips, smaller transistors, and novel transistors using graphene and nanoparticles.
This document lists 30 provisionally accepted papers for the conference NSRD-2003. The papers cover topics related to rotor dynamics, vibration analysis, fault detection, condition monitoring, and dynamic analysis of rotating machinery and components. The papers are from various organizations in India including research institutions, universities, and industries. Each paper is listed with the title, authors, and organization.
This document outlines the editorial board for the International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering. It lists over 60 members of the advisory and editorial board, including their names, titles, and affiliations. The board members are from a variety of countries and institutions around the world and represent different engineering and technology disciplines.
The document discusses an experimental buckling analysis of thin aluminum cylindrical shells. Three types of cylindrical shell models are considered: a plain shell and shells with longitudinal or circumferential dents. Experiments are conducted to determine the buckling strength of each shell type when compressed axially. Finite element analysis is also performed using ANSYS to calculate the buckling loads, which are then compared to the experimental results. It is found that shells with dents have lower buckling strengths compared to plain shells without dents.
Modal and harmonic analysis of tapered composite iSRINIVASULU N V
This document presents the results of a modal and harmonic analysis of a tapered composite I-beam with its big end fixed and small end free. The natural frequencies and mode shapes are investigated for various fiber orientations in the top and bottom flanges and web of the beam, as well as different modulus ratios. The natural frequencies are found to increase with increasing fiber angle and modulus ratio. Harmonic analysis applying a 1N load at the free end shows the displacement decreases with increasing natural frequency for different fiber angles and modulus ratios.
Torsional vibrations and buckling of thin WALLED BEAMSSRINIVASULU N V
The document discusses the torsional vibrations and buckling of thin-walled beams on elastic foundation using a dynamic stiffness matrix method. It develops analytical equations to model the behavior of clamped-simply supported beams under an axial load and resting on an elastic foundation. Numerical results are presented for natural frequencies and buckling loads for different values of warping and foundation parameters. The dynamic stiffness matrix approach can accurately analyze beams with non-uniform cross-sections and complex boundary conditions.
Air, water, and land pollution were discussed. Air pollution comes from natural sources like volcanoes and human sources such as factories and cars. Major air pollutants include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter which can cause health issues. Water pollution comes from point sources like factories and non-point sources like agricultural runoff. Land pollution is caused by construction, agriculture, and domestic and industrial waste. Pollution has consequences like acid rain, smog, and damage to plants and wildlife. Reducing pollution requires efforts from individuals, industries, and governments.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Men's health requires maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Eat a balanced diet low in fat and high in nutrients. Exercise regularly by doing activities you enjoy like walking, sports, or strength training. See your doctor for routine checkups and screenings to catch any health issues early.
Loyola Academy, Alwal , Secunderabad-10. B.Sc (chemical Technology). This document provides instructions for an engineering drawing practical exam to be held on October 18th, 2012 for 2 hours. It lists 6 questions to choose 4 from related to constructing geometric shapes like an ellipse, isometric views of solids, bisecting a line and angle, inscribing a circle in a square, constructing a hexagon, and constructing a parabola. Neatness will be considered in scoring.
The document provides 9 engineering graphics questions to choose 5 from. The questions cover topics like constructing an epicycloid, drawing an ellipse with given parameters, determining projections and measurements of lines and shapes, drawing projections of various objects like a pyramid, prism, and cone, developing the surface of a truncated cone, and constructing a vernier scale. The student is asked to answer any 5 questions by drawing the requested projections, shapes, or scales and providing any necessary measurements or calculations. Neatness is also considered in grading the responses.
This document discusses different types of astrological charts used in Vedic astrology. It mentions Moon lagna and Surya lagna charts which are based on calculating the zodiac sign rising at birth based on the Moon and Sun positions respectively. It also refers to the names of houses which likely refers to the twelve astrological houses used to analyze different areas of life in a birth chart.
(1) Students can patent their inventions and earn money if their ideas are commercialized. (2) Understanding IPR helps students respect others' creations and avoid plagiarism. (3) Learning about patents and copyrights can inspire students to be more innovative and help solve problems through new inventions.
Frequently asked questions in INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSSRINIVASULU N V
Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind such as inventions, designs, artistic works, and symbols used in commerce. There are seven main types of intellectual property according to international agreements: patents, industrial designs, trademarks, copyright, geographical indications, integrated circuit layout designs, and undisclosed information/trade secrets. The Designs Act protects new or original designs applied to articles to be manufactured industrially. Registration under the Act confers an initial 10-year copyright on the design. This can be extended for an additional 5 years. Piracy of a registered design for commercial purposes without permission is illegal and can result in fines.
Copy right ppt in intellectual property rightsSRINIVASULU N V
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPR) in India, including patents, industrial designs, trademarks, copyrights, geographical indications, and related rights. It discusses the types of intellectual property available, how to obtain each type of protection, and some key features and amendments of Indian IPR legislation. The document also outlines the structure of IPR administration and enforcement in India under the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks.
This document summarizes a study that performed PSD (Power Spectral Density) analysis on an automobile dash panel to reduce vibrations. PSD analysis was conducted on a bare dash panel model and a dash panel model with a damping material placed between the panel and a doubler sheet. Modal analysis was performed to obtain mode shapes, which were compared to laser vibrometer test data. PSD vs frequency graphs were plotted and vibration levels were compared between the bare panel and damped panel models. The goal was to identify natural frequencies and reduce noise by using a damping material.
The document presents an analytical method called the dynamic stiffness matrix approach to analyze the torsional vibrations and buckling of thin-walled beams of open section that are resting on an elastic foundation. The method is used to study a thin-walled beam that is clamped at one end and simply supported at the other. Numerical results for the natural frequencies and buckling loads are obtained for different values of warping and elastic foundation parameters.
This document discusses applications of nanotechnology in electronics and mechanical engineering. It outlines several key areas where nanotechnology can have impact, such as semiconductors, passive components, display materials, and packaging/interconnection. For semiconductors, it describes potential applications like doping carbon nanotubes and creating quantum dots. It also discusses using nanoparticles to fabricate nanowire structures for uses like sensors. For packaging, it notes nanotubes and diamond films can improve thermal performance. The document concludes that over the next five years, significant new nanomaterials and processes will address important industry issues, and longer-term nanotechnology will extend or replace technologies to meet customer needs.
This document discusses applications of nanotechnology in electronics and mechanical engineering. It outlines several key areas where nanotechnology can have impact, such as semiconductors, packaging, boards/substrates, and passive components. For semiconductors, nanotechnology allows for doping of nanotubes and creation of quantum dots. It also discusses using nanotubes for quantum computing. For packaging, nanotubes and diamond films can improve thermal conductivity. The document also outlines several developing applications of nanotechnology in nanoelectronics, such as flexible displays, high-density memory chips, smaller transistors, and novel transistors using graphene and nanoparticles.
This document lists 30 provisionally accepted papers for the conference NSRD-2003. The papers cover topics related to rotor dynamics, vibration analysis, fault detection, condition monitoring, and dynamic analysis of rotating machinery and components. The papers are from various organizations in India including research institutions, universities, and industries. Each paper is listed with the title, authors, and organization.
This document outlines the editorial board for the International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering. It lists over 60 members of the advisory and editorial board, including their names, titles, and affiliations. The board members are from a variety of countries and institutions around the world and represent different engineering and technology disciplines.
The document discusses an experimental buckling analysis of thin aluminum cylindrical shells. Three types of cylindrical shell models are considered: a plain shell and shells with longitudinal or circumferential dents. Experiments are conducted to determine the buckling strength of each shell type when compressed axially. Finite element analysis is also performed using ANSYS to calculate the buckling loads, which are then compared to the experimental results. It is found that shells with dents have lower buckling strengths compared to plain shells without dents.
Modal and harmonic analysis of tapered composite iSRINIVASULU N V
This document presents the results of a modal and harmonic analysis of a tapered composite I-beam with its big end fixed and small end free. The natural frequencies and mode shapes are investigated for various fiber orientations in the top and bottom flanges and web of the beam, as well as different modulus ratios. The natural frequencies are found to increase with increasing fiber angle and modulus ratio. Harmonic analysis applying a 1N load at the free end shows the displacement decreases with increasing natural frequency for different fiber angles and modulus ratios.
Torsional vibrations and buckling of thin WALLED BEAMSSRINIVASULU N V
The document discusses the torsional vibrations and buckling of thin-walled beams on elastic foundation using a dynamic stiffness matrix method. It develops analytical equations to model the behavior of clamped-simply supported beams under an axial load and resting on an elastic foundation. Numerical results are presented for natural frequencies and buckling loads for different values of warping and foundation parameters. The dynamic stiffness matrix approach can accurately analyze beams with non-uniform cross-sections and complex boundary conditions.
Air, water, and land pollution were discussed. Air pollution comes from natural sources like volcanoes and human sources such as factories and cars. Major air pollutants include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter which can cause health issues. Water pollution comes from point sources like factories and non-point sources like agricultural runoff. Land pollution is caused by construction, agriculture, and domestic and industrial waste. Pollution has consequences like acid rain, smog, and damage to plants and wildlife. Reducing pollution requires efforts from individuals, industries, and governments.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Nunit vs XUnit vs MSTest Differences Between These Unit Testing Frameworks.pdfflufftailshop
When it comes to unit testing in the .NET ecosystem, developers have a wide range of options available. Among the most popular choices are NUnit, XUnit, and MSTest. These unit testing frameworks provide essential tools and features to help ensure the quality and reliability of code. However, understanding the differences between these frameworks is crucial for selecting the most suitable one for your projects.
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
leewayhertz.com-AI in predictive maintenance Use cases technologies benefits ...alexjohnson7307
Predictive maintenance is a proactive approach that anticipates equipment failures before they happen. At the forefront of this innovative strategy is Artificial Intelligence (AI), which brings unprecedented precision and efficiency. AI in predictive maintenance is transforming industries by reducing downtime, minimizing costs, and enhancing productivity.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
Skybuffer AI: Advanced Conversational and Generative AI Solution on SAP Busin...Tatiana Kojar
Skybuffer AI, built on the robust SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP), is the latest and most advanced version of our AI development, reaffirming our commitment to delivering top-tier AI solutions. Skybuffer AI harnesses all the innovative capabilities of the SAP BTP in the AI domain, from Conversational AI to cutting-edge Generative AI and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). It also helps SAP customers safeguard their investments into SAP Conversational AI and ensure a seamless, one-click transition to SAP Business AI.
With Skybuffer AI, various AI models can be integrated into a single communication channel such as Microsoft Teams. This integration empowers business users with insights drawn from SAP backend systems, enterprise documents, and the expansive knowledge of Generative AI. And the best part of it is that it is all managed through our intuitive no-code Action Server interface, requiring no extensive coding knowledge and making the advanced AI accessible to more users.
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
Salesforce Integration for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions A...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on integration of Salesforce with Bonterra Impact Management.
Interested in deploying an integration with Salesforce for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process MiningLucaBarbaro3
Presentation of the paper "Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process Mining" given during the CAiSE 2024 Conference in Cyprus on June 7, 2024.
Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process Mining
novel method of differentiating palm leaf scribers using 2D corelationPaper electronics conference-cbit
1. National Congress on Communications and Computer Aided Electronic Systems (CCAES 2012)
A Novel Method of Differentiating Palm Leaf
Scribers Using 2D Correlation
Panyam Narahari Sastry*, Dr. N.V.Srinivasulu**
*Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CBIT, Hyderabad, India
**Department of Mechanical Engineering, C.B.I.T., Hyderabad, India.
E-Mail: *ananditahari@yahoo.com
Abstract- Character Recognition (CR) is one of the With the passage of time, most of these palm leaves, if left
oldest applications of automatic pattern recognition. unattended, will deteriorate as they are coming to the end of
Recognizing Hand-Written Characters (HWC) is an their natural lifetime as they face destructive elements such
effortless task for humans, but for a computer it is an as dampness, fungus, bacteria, ants and cockroaches. For this
extremely tricky job. Research in character recognition is reason, Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth (RSVP), Tirupati,
very popular for various application potentials in banks, Andhra Pradesh, India and Oriental Research Institute, (ORI)
post offices, defense organizations, reading aid for the is establishing the Palm Leaf Manuscript Preservation
blind, library automation, language processing and Project for the discovery, preservation and protection of
multi-media design. Even though Epigraphical work palm leaf manuscripts and to extract knowledge from the
dealing with stone inscriptions have been analyzed, these ancient world [3, 4]. Currently, computer technology can
have been done largely manually and also on 2D traces. A store and process the ancient image documents in multimedia
large collection of these are available in the classical systems. It is possible to collect and access those manuscripts
Indian languages like Sanskrit, Tamil, Pali etc as well as and preserved them in digital formats in the computer [5].
in more modern languages like Telugu. These palm Although currently storing systems can store document
leaves contain religious texts and treaties on a host of images, there is no specific system to retrieve the knowledge
subjects such as art, medicine, astronomy, astrology, from these ancient documents. However, it is recognized that
mathematics, law and music. However, they have not it is not an easy task as there are many styles of traditional
been exploited in the manner they deserve to be. While handwriting, noise on the images, and fragmentation or
the reasons for this are manifold the minimally available cracks due to fragility of the aged leaves. It is common that
methods applicable to the specific purpose of Palm Leaf images of the collected ancient documents are of poor
Character Recognition (PLCR) and digitization is one of quality due to insufficient attention paid to the condition of
the primary reasons. These characters on the palm leaf the storage and the quality of the written material. As a
have the additional properties like depth, an added result, the foreground and background in the scanned images
feature which can be gainfully exploited in character are difficult to be separated. Many of the palm leaf images
recognition. This paper describes the method to find out have varying contrast and illuminant, smudges, smear, stains,
if the palm leaves of two different folios or sets get mixed and contaminations due to seeping ink from the other side of
up using 2D Correlation values. The results obtained the palm leaf elimination is also proposed.
show very distinct 2D correlation values between the test Character Recognition (CR) is one of the oldest
samples and the database samples. applications of automatic pattern recognition. To recognize
Hand-Written Characters (HWC) is an effortless task for
Key Words- Palm Leaf Character recognition, 2D humans, but for a computer it is an extremely tricky job. This
Correlation, Folio, Pattern recognition. is mainly due to the vast differences or the impreciseness
associated with handwritten patterns written by different
I. INTRODUCTION individuals [6, 7]. Machine recognition involves the ability
of a computer to receive input from sources such as paper
Palm leaf manuscripts were one of the popular written and other documents, photographs, touch screens and other
documents for over a thousand years in South and Southeast devices, which is an ongoing research area [8].
Asia [1, 2]. In Indian history, dried palm leaves have been
used to record Buddhist teaching and doctrines, folklores, II. DATA ACQUISITION METHOD
knowledge and use of indigenous medicines, stories of
dynasties, traditional arts and architectures, astrology, Palm leaves were provided by Oriental Research Institute
astronomy and techniques of traditional massages. Recently, (ORI), S.V. University Campus, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh.
several universities and institutes including medical For the present research, we have chosen palm leaves of two
departments and religion organizations have initiated different scribers. The photographs of the palm leaves are
projects to collect, recover and preserve Indian palm leaf shown in figure 1 wherein the red arrow depicts the holes of
manuscripts. It is recognized that these documents contain the Folio which helps to store the leaves between the wooden
invaluable knowledge, history, culture, and local wisdoms of boards.
Indian civilization. In particular, knowledge concerning
indigenous medicines has been studied with great attention
due to their potential in treating many ailments and diseases.
2. A Novel Method of Differentiating Palm Leaf Scribers Using 2D Correlation
III. PROPOSED SCRIBER RECOGNITION METHOD
In this proposed method, 2D correlation is used to find
whether the leaf pertains to a specific scriber’s folio or it is
written by a different scriber. In handwritten documents on
paper, writers can be differentiated distinctly on the basis of
appearance of the letters. Since for counterfeits it is easy to
copy the appearance of characters, identifying writers to a
writing/signature can also be a tricky affair. Lipikaras were
highly trained professionals and scribing on the palm leaves
was an extremely serious affair. Thus distinguishing the
scribings on the basis of appearance of the letters is not
simple. However, the pressure applied by the scriber at
various pixel points in a character is different for different
scribers. It is presumed that pressure is directly proportional
to the depth of indentation (in microns) which is available to
us from the Z axis data. Using this concept, images were
compared in YZ plane for two different scribers for the
various Telugu palm leaf characters. For the same character
5 samples for 2 different scribers were considered for testing
and training. Table no. 1 and Table no 2 are showing the co-
ordinates for the Telugu Characters “Aa” and “Tha”.
Our basis for the differentiation was to compare the
correlation value obtained for the character scribed by the
author at different positions and correlation of the same
Fig. 1 Palm leaves chosen for the study character when scribed by a different author. Thus if the test
image of a particular character say “Ae” belongs to scriber 1
Table No. 1 Co-ordinates of Aa then the correlation coefficient obtained between the test
image and any other sample image of “Ae” of scriber 1
Aa should be distinctly greater compared to the correlation
Pixel points X (mm) Y (mm) Z (mm)
1 1.091 0.16 25 coefficient obtained between the test image and “Ae” of
2 1.456 0.49 24 scriber 2 samples. Recognizing the scriber of a certain
3 0.925 0.999 26 document is a great challenge in terms of pattern recognition
4 0.338 0.725 29 but is also of immense value.
5 0 0 29
6 0.338 -0.547 28
Traditional paper based documents are being replaced by
7 1.832 -0.825 27 digital documents for official and legal purposes. Hence
8 2.797 -0.547 28 authenticating these digital documents is extremely critical.
9 3.002 0.396 29 Authentication of the security documents including
10 2.51 0.756 33 banknotes, passports, etc. which may be printed on paper or
11 2.281 0.306 28
12 3.042 -0.087 34
any other support is a very important application of Digital
13 2.098 -0.047 34 Document Analysis. Automatic document authentication
14 0.741 -0.06 36 consists of an image acquisition system such as a CCD
15 0.741 -0.08 38 camera and a processor whose job is to compare the acquired
intensity profile with a pre stored reference image. The
Table No. 2 Co-ordinates of Tha document handling device accepts or rejects the document
depending on the match, which is connected to the
Tha comparing processor. E-mails are the electronic documents
Pixel points X (mm) Y (mm) Z (mm)
1 0.308 -0.400 26 which have replaced the paper documents due to the need of
2 0.687 0.066 26 quick response and faster means of communication but still
3 0.300 0.327 34
4 0.000 0.000 31
lack the accountability. Digital watermarking and public key
5 0.188 -0.426 20 encryption-based authentication are the most common
6 0.418 -0.789 25 methods used for authentication of the digital documents. It
7 0.833 -0.658 25
8 1.428 -0.618 39
is possible to apply this concept of pen pressure to the online
9 1.620 -0.423 38 signature verification in addition to the two dimensional
10 1.670 -0.144 35 character matching.
11 1.180 0.412 38
12 1.310 -0.127 39
13 1.400 0.390 28
14 0.842 0.798 34
15 0.284 0.876 96
16 0.842 0.812 94
17 1.345 1.342 48
18 1.949 1.554 59
3. National Congress on Communications and Computer Aided Electronic Systems (CCAES 2012)
test character set and the training character set are
IV. IMPLIMENTATION OF SCRIBER RECOGNITION disjoint sets in this work.
METHOD CC* in the table depicts Correlation Coefficient value (r)
The flow chart of proposed method of implementing scriber calculated using the following equation 1 :
recognition is shown in figure 2.
Load Test Images and data base images
Step 1 of size 50x50 pixels
(1)
Step 2 Read all the images
Convert the image into binary type
Step 3 using a threshold value of 0.7 where A and B are the matrices of images of same size and r
indicates the Correlation Coefficient in the range of 0 to 1.
Find Average correlation co-efficient of
Step 4 test images belonging to scriber 1 with
all the scriber 1 data base images of same
character
Find Average correlation co-efficient of
Step 5 test images belonging to scriber 1 with
all the scriber 2 data base images of same
character
Step 6 Allot the test character to the scriber
displaying a higher average correlation
coefficient
Step 7 Check for the number of matched
and mismatched characters
Fig: 2 Implementation of scriber authentication algorithm
V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
All the experiments are carried on a PC machine with P4
3GHz CPU and 512MB RAM memory under Matlab 7.0
platform. The database images consists of 4 different images
of each class and hence 29X4=116 images. These images are
of size 50X50 pixels and are in the .tiff format. More than
300 character images were tested. All the images of the
database and the images to be tested were of YZ plane of
projection (XY data failed to differentiate the characters
between authors). All the 28 different Telugu characters
(Classes) were used as test characters to test the accuracy of
the proposed method. The Database images consisted of
both Scriber No. 1 and 2 where as the test characters
(Images) were of Scriber No. 1 (One from each class).
Each of the test image character was tested using
Correlation with all the available database images (consisting
of both Scriber1 and Scriber 2) for a particular character. The
average correlation co-efficient of the test character with
both Scriber 1 and 2 was determined separately and the
results are tabulated in Table No. 3. Also, the time taken to
run the program has been captured in the same table. The
4. A Novel Method of Differentiating Palm Leaf Scribers Using 2D Correlation
Table No. 3 Scriber Authentication results
Author Author
Test Program Scriber
1 2 Difference of % Difference Of
S.No. Char time in Recognized (Yes
average average CC Correlation
acter Seconds / No)
CC* CC*
1. a 0.2096 0.0277 0.1819 86.78435115 0.89 Y
2. aa 0.1182 0.0051 0.1131 95.68527919 0.39 Y
3. ala 0.1093 0.0253 0.084 76.85269899 0.46 Y
4. bra 0.1505 0.0049 0.1456 96.74418605 0.44 Y
5. khaa 0.2414 0.0204 0.221 91.54929577 0.53 Y
6. la 0.0706 0.0614 0.0092 13.03116147 0.39 Y
7. tha 0.1614 0.1154 0.046 28.50061958 0.48 Y
8. ae 0.0384 0.001 0.0374 97.39583333 0.46 Y
9. gha 0.1433 0.1284 0.0149 10.39776692 0.39 Y
10. haa 0.1022 0.0067 0.0955 93.44422701 0.46 Y
11. na 0.0898 0.0199 0.0699 77.83964365 0.4 Y
12. pa 0.2665 0.0115 0.255 95.684803 0.46 Y
13. sa 0.1255 0.0744 0.0511 40.71713147 0.46 Y
14. shaa 0.3062 0.0005 0.3057 99.83670803 0.46 Y
15. va 0.1858 0.0371 0.1487 80.03229279 0.45 Y
16. ya 0.2905 0.1143 0.1762 60.65404475 0.45 Y
17. ka 0.1223 0.0038 0.1185 96.89288635 0.47 Y
18. ksha 0.1633 0.0044 0.1589 97.30557257 0.46 Y
19. ba 0.1104 0.0657 0.0447 40.48913043 0.45 Y
20. bha 0.0996 0.0091 0.0905 90.86345382 0.46 Y
21. ja 0.127 0.0406 0.0864 68.03149606 0.46 Y
22. ru 0.3121 0.2251 0.087 27.87568087 0.4 Y
23. da 0.1697 0.0571 0.1126 66.35238656 0.47 Y
24. cha 0.0905 0.0402 0.0503 55.5801105 0.39 Y
25. dha 0.128 0.0074 0.1206 94.21875 0.46 Y
26. ee 0.0538 0.0439 0.0099 18.40148699 0.45 Y
27. ga 0.058 0.0244 0.0336 57.93103448 0.51 Y
28. saa 0.0311 0.0165 0.0146 46.94533762 0.45 Y
Characters in red are the lowest CC values and in blue are > 95% CC difference
5. National Congress on Communications and Computer Aided Electronic Systems (CCAES 2012)
VI. CONCLUSIONS [6]. V.N.Manjumeh Aradhya, G.Hemanth Kumar,
S.Noushat, “Multilingual OCR system for South Indian
1. All the test characters belonging to Scriber 1 had higher Scripts and English documents: An approach based on
average correlation co-efficient when tested with Fourier transform and PCA”, Elsevier, Engineering
scriber1 compared to characters of scriber 2 located at applications of artificial intelligence, pp. 658-668, 2008.
other position on the leaf. The test and the training [7]. B.B.Chaudhuri and Ujwal Bhattacharya, Handwritten
character set are disjoint sets. numeral databases of Indian scripts and multistage
2. The Characters La, Tha, Gha, Ru and Ee have shown recognition of mixed numerals, IEEE transcations on pattern
less than 30% of difference of average correlation analysis and machine intelligence, Vol.31 No.3, pp.444-457,
between the test character and database characters of March 2009.
Scriber1 and 2. [8] Senior and Robinson , “An Off-Line Cursive
3. The time taken for identification of the Scriber is very Handwriting Recognition System”, IEEE Transactions on
low and is less than 1 second. Pattern analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol.20, No.3, pp.
4. If the right characters are selected as test character then 309-321, 1998.
the scriber identification is 100 %.
5. A rigorous test of this idea needs to be further
established with data from a greater number of
samples/scribers, which is beyond the scope of the
present work. If the above mentioned characters remain
poor differentiators we can select specific characters
(characters in blue in the table 10.1) which can be used
for differentiation/authentication more accurately.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author whole heartedly acknowledges the co-
operation extended by Sri S. Anand, Finance Officer, RSVP
(Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth), Tirupati in procuring the
palm leaves from Oriental Research Institute, Tirupati, A.P,
India. Further, the author expresses sincere gratitude to Dr.
Vally Maya who has actively participated in the technical
discussions and rendered appropriate suggestions at every
stage in the work.
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