Understanding the Impact of Investment Costs on Productivity and ProfitabilitySociety of Cost Management
Understanding the Impact of Investment Costs on Productivity and Profitability
by Douglas T. Hicks CPA
Annual Management Accounting Conference
IMA Metro Detroit & Toledo Chapters
The document discusses authentication and digital signatures for healthcare messaging. It describes using smartcards with private/public key pairs for authentication. Lightweight authentication tokens containing a digital signature are proposed as an alternative to using SSL for every message. These tokens would include a message ID, time limits, and signed elements like patient ID and message type. Full digital signatures are still recommended for prescriptions while tokens may suffice for queries. Signing multiple parts of a message with the same certificate is also discussed.
The Society of Cost Management (SCM) was founded in 2010 as the first international professional organization dedicated to cost management. It aims to promote best practices in cost management through an online community that allows members to share ideas and connect globally. SCM takes a low-cost, virtual approach using new technologies and social networking to provide most information to members 24/7. It generates revenue through advertising and premium services while differentiating itself as a costing association that also covers some accounting issues. The organization's mission is to promote sound cost, profitability, and performance measurement practices to help businesses and institutions make informed decisions.
The document discusses XML schemas, specifically the HL7v3 schemas. It notes that schemas serve multiple purposes like design, validation, and code generation that often require different schemas. It then examines the HL7v3 schemas, finding that they are not very readable due to complex inclusion trees. The document recommends flattening the schemas by removing includes, layering schemas to separate concerns, and simplifying datatypes for improved readability and code generation.
Understanding the Impact of Investment Costs on Productivity and ProfitabilitySociety of Cost Management
Understanding the Impact of Investment Costs on Productivity and Profitability
by Douglas T. Hicks CPA
Annual Management Accounting Conference
IMA Metro Detroit & Toledo Chapters
The document discusses authentication and digital signatures for healthcare messaging. It describes using smartcards with private/public key pairs for authentication. Lightweight authentication tokens containing a digital signature are proposed as an alternative to using SSL for every message. These tokens would include a message ID, time limits, and signed elements like patient ID and message type. Full digital signatures are still recommended for prescriptions while tokens may suffice for queries. Signing multiple parts of a message with the same certificate is also discussed.
The Society of Cost Management (SCM) was founded in 2010 as the first international professional organization dedicated to cost management. It aims to promote best practices in cost management through an online community that allows members to share ideas and connect globally. SCM takes a low-cost, virtual approach using new technologies and social networking to provide most information to members 24/7. It generates revenue through advertising and premium services while differentiating itself as a costing association that also covers some accounting issues. The organization's mission is to promote sound cost, profitability, and performance measurement practices to help businesses and institutions make informed decisions.
The document discusses XML schemas, specifically the HL7v3 schemas. It notes that schemas serve multiple purposes like design, validation, and code generation that often require different schemas. It then examines the HL7v3 schemas, finding that they are not very readable due to complex inclusion trees. The document recommends flattening the schemas by removing includes, layering schemas to separate concerns, and simplifying datatypes for improved readability and code generation.
The document discusses implementing HL7v3 web services. It covers SOAP and WSDL standards, including envelopes, headers and bodies. It describes using generic versus specific WSDL, and issues with dynamic responses. The document also discusses HL7v3 patterns for query messages and reliability considerations like wire signatures.
The document describes the Dutch healthcare infrastructure known as AORTA. It consists of a national backbone that connects Healthcare Information Systems. These systems are online 24/7 but do not share clinical data through the backbone, only indexing information on where data resides. Central to the infrastructure are various registries like the Patient Registry and Provider Registry that help systems locate patient and provider data. The Healthcare Information Broker routes messages between systems and provides indexing and aggregation services using standards like HL7v3.
James Lincoln developed a philosophy of incentive management that valued all individuals within a company. He implemented this philosophy at Lincoln Electric, producing many years of profitability without layoffs. Lincoln believed that competition drives improvements in efficiency and that incentives are key to allowing individuals to develop new abilities. His system focused on recognizing individual contributions to encourage maximum performance and continuous development.
Global companies must consider the effects of currency on their cost, price, and performance decisions. There are three main currency types: operations currency, reference currency, and investment currency. The operations currency is used for normal business operations in the local market. The reference currency is used for financial reporting and comparisons. The investment currency is used to obtain assets and make investments. Understanding how these currencies work gives companies tools to properly evaluate business performance across different markets and currencies.
Transfer pricing refers to prices set for transactions between related business entities. There are three main methods for setting transfer prices: market-based, which uses public prices for similar goods; cost-based, which uses production costs; and negotiated prices. International transfer prices must be set as if the entities were independent to allow each government to receive tax revenue. Regulations require analyzing transfer prices to show the method used reflects an arm's length transaction between unrelated parties.
The document discusses the Pareto distribution, also known as the 80/20 rule. It was discovered by Vilfredo Pareto through his research on crime rates, finding that a small percentage of criminals committed a large percentage of crimes. The 80/20 rule means that a small percentage of inputs or causes often account for a large percentage of outcomes or effects. It applies to many business and statistical situations. Pareto charts can visually represent the rule through combined bar and line graphs.
The document discusses implementing HL7v3 web services. It covers SOAP and WSDL standards, including envelopes, headers and bodies. It describes using generic versus specific WSDL, and issues with dynamic responses. The document also discusses HL7v3 patterns for query messages and reliability considerations like wire signatures.
The document describes the Dutch healthcare infrastructure known as AORTA. It consists of a national backbone that connects Healthcare Information Systems. These systems are online 24/7 but do not share clinical data through the backbone, only indexing information on where data resides. Central to the infrastructure are various registries like the Patient Registry and Provider Registry that help systems locate patient and provider data. The Healthcare Information Broker routes messages between systems and provides indexing and aggregation services using standards like HL7v3.
James Lincoln developed a philosophy of incentive management that valued all individuals within a company. He implemented this philosophy at Lincoln Electric, producing many years of profitability without layoffs. Lincoln believed that competition drives improvements in efficiency and that incentives are key to allowing individuals to develop new abilities. His system focused on recognizing individual contributions to encourage maximum performance and continuous development.
Global companies must consider the effects of currency on their cost, price, and performance decisions. There are three main currency types: operations currency, reference currency, and investment currency. The operations currency is used for normal business operations in the local market. The reference currency is used for financial reporting and comparisons. The investment currency is used to obtain assets and make investments. Understanding how these currencies work gives companies tools to properly evaluate business performance across different markets and currencies.
Transfer pricing refers to prices set for transactions between related business entities. There are three main methods for setting transfer prices: market-based, which uses public prices for similar goods; cost-based, which uses production costs; and negotiated prices. International transfer prices must be set as if the entities were independent to allow each government to receive tax revenue. Regulations require analyzing transfer prices to show the method used reflects an arm's length transaction between unrelated parties.
The document discusses the Pareto distribution, also known as the 80/20 rule. It was discovered by Vilfredo Pareto through his research on crime rates, finding that a small percentage of criminals committed a large percentage of crimes. The 80/20 rule means that a small percentage of inputs or causes often account for a large percentage of outcomes or effects. It applies to many business and statistical situations. Pareto charts can visually represent the rule through combined bar and line graphs.
1. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com HL7v3, the vocabulary
2. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com Just enough HL7 HL7 version 2 : currently used HL7v3: XML based Reference Information Model HL7v3 Message contains: medical payload Trigger Event Wrappers (Query Control etc.) Transmission Wrapper
3. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com HL7v3 Layered Model HTTP, SSL SOAP / Web Services HL7 Transmission Wrapper HL7 Query Control Wrapper HL7 Medical Data TCP lower protocol layers
4. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com Spec State Diagram Class Diagram Storyboard HL7 Development Framework (HDF) Information Model Determine classes, attributes & associations Determine scope Storyboards Determine parties and processes Restrict domains Write storyboards Determine state transitions Determine trigger events Message Design Interaction Model Develop R-MIM TYPE MPSLOC CONTAINS { id[id].TYPE IID nm[name].TYPE ST ad[addr].TYPE XAD ph[phon].TYPE XTN email_address [emlAdr].TYPE XTN } 2-nd Order 1 choice of 0-n Drug 0-1 Nursing Determine interactions Specificy HMDs Interaction Diagram Determine application roles Determine conformance claims
5. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com Storyboard Mevrouw Jansen komt langs bij apotheek ‘De Gulle Gaper’ met een handgeschreven recept van haar huisarts Dr. van Beek. Het recept is voor 2x daags 1 tablet Diazepam 250 mg, gedurende 4 weken. De apotheker van de Gulle Gaper, Dr. Poeder, pakt een een doosje met 5 strips van 10 tabletten en voegt daar een 6e strip van tabletten aan toe. Het geheel van 60 tabletten Diazepam 250 mg wordt overhandigd aan mevr. Jansen, inclusief een bijsluiter en met het gebruiksvoorschrift (van de huisarts) op de verpakking.
6. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com RIM (Reference Information Model)
7. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com Act Relationship 0..* 0..* 0..* 1 0..* 1 1 0..* 1 1 RIM (Reference Information Model) Backbone Entity Participation Act Role Referral Transportation Supply Procedure Condition Node Consent Observation Medication Act complex Financial act PatientGuarantor Healthcare provider Insurer Practitioner Organization Living Subject Material Place Health Chart
17. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com Act Relationship 0..* 0..* 0..* 1 0..* 1 1 0..* 1 1 RIM (Reference Information Model) Entity Participation Act Role Referral Transportation Supply Procedure Condition Node Consent Observation Medication Act complex Financial act PatientGuarantor Healthcare provider Insurer Practitioner Organization Living Subject Material Place Health Chart
18. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com RIM Entities (Person, Organization, Medication) Roles (Registered Nurse, Anesthesia Resident) Participations (provider, recipient) Acts (administer, prescribe)
19. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com Identification in HL7 HL7v3 datatype Instance Identifier <patientID> <value extension="012345672" root="2.16.840.1.113883.2.4.6.3"/> </patientID> roots are OID’s (Object IDentifier) ITU-T ASN.1 hierarchy extension is local identification system – in this case, BSN (social security number)
20. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com HL7 in the OID tree
21. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com A root OID 2.16.840.1.113883 HL7.org 2.16.840.1.113883.2 HL7 international affiliates 2.16.840.1.113883.2.4 HL7 Netherlands 2.16.840.1.113883.2.4.6 external id’s 2.16.840.1.113883.2.4.6.6 AORTA application-id’s 2.16.840.1.113883.2.4.6.6.1215432 root node app in hospital X 2.16.840.1.113883.2.4.6.6.1215432.4 prescription number within PIS
22. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com Identification in HL7
23. Marc de Graauw marc@marcdegraauw.com Identification in HL7