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Organic pollution
- 2. - Các chất có khả năng gây ung thư (Carcinogen) - Các chất gây rối loạn nội tiết (EDCs- Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals) - Kháng sinh
- 5. Natural Organic Matter Typical humic acid
- 9. ORGANIC POLLUTION detergents Chất tẩy rữa
- 10. ORGANIC POLLUTION Anionic detergents are most commonly encountered for domestic laundry detergents
- 11. E1 E2 E3 EE2 Hóa chất gây rối loạn nội tiết tố (EDCs- Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals) Birth control pill compounds and hormone therapy drugs. Certain types of natural and synthetic steroids that are byproducts of agricultural run-off and cattle farming.
- 13. 5 Dung dịch phèn Từ trạm bơm cấp I tới Sơ đồ trạm xử lý nước mặt (mặt bằng trạm) 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 5 5 6 7 7 8 1-bể trộn; 2-bể phản ứng; 3-bể lắng ngang; 4-máng thu nước; 5-bể lọc nhanh; 6-nhà clo; 7-bể chứa; 8-trạm bơm cấp II
- 14. Hệ thống xử lý nước cấp có khả năng xử lý được nguồn nước bị ô nhiễm chất hữu cơ NH3 + HOCl = NH2Cl + H2O
- 16. 1,4-Benzoquinone Catechol, also known as 1,2-dihydroxybenzene
Editor's Notes
- Example of a typical humic acid, having a variety of components including quinone, phenol, catechol and sugar moieties
- fulvic acids are humic acids of lower molecular weight and higher oxygen content than other humic acids
- Chloramination involves the addition ofanhydrous or aqueous ammonia (NH3) before or after the addition of chlorine (HOCl)to produce monochloramine (NH2Cl). This reaction is as follows: NH3 + HOCl = NH2Cl + H2O Chloramines also form to a lesser extent during conventional chlorine treatment when aqueous chlorine reacts with natural organic nitrogen. Monochloramine is 200 times less effective as a disinfectant than chlorine, but is an attractive alternative since it does not react as readily with organic materials to form THMs. Many water utilities overcome the decreased efficiency of monochloramine by adding ammonia following the chlorine application. This increases biocidal efficiency, but also increases the risk of THM formation.