Ontario Early Year Policy

1. What makes public
policy a success?
Universal Approach to the Problem

2. Presentation:
Syed Ali Nasir Zaidi
ID:104251474
ONTARIO YEARLY YEARS POLICY

3. Agenda Policy Origin: A
Brief History
• Crucial Studies
• 1. Reversing the Real Brain Drain
(Early Years Study 1999)
• 2. Putting Science into Action (Early
Years Study 2 2007)
• 3.Making Decisionsand Taking
Actions ( Early Years Study 3 2011)
Philosophy
Behind Policy
Implementation
of Policy
Policy
Evaluation
References
Children
Prosperity
Early School
Leavers
Early School
Leavers
Montessori(psych
ological &
educational aspect,
(Italian)
Nursery (Health &
Hygiene)
Women
Participation rates
1953- 2013
2005
2009
2013
2014
2016
2017
2018

4. What is Early Years Policy , Ontario
• The Ontario Early Years Policy is a policy framework to have principles as
well as predictable steps in the implementation of a consolidated Early Years
policy, it is also a commitment towards full day kindergarten and the creation
of an integrated system of Best Start Child and Family Centres. (Ontario,
Ministry of Education, 2014)

5. • Principles
• Predictable Steps
• Consolidated Early Years Policy
Child Care
Licensing System
Staff Qualifications
Emergency
Preparedness
Ratios of
Employees to
Children and
Group Size
Building
Equipment and
Playground
Staff Qualifications
Health and Medical
Supervision
Nutrition
Administrative
Matters
Program for
Children
Full Day
Kindergarten by
2014
Implementation
of Best Start and
Family Center
Improve
Language and
Speech
Stability in Child
Care System
Pan-Canada Early Years Education
• http://www.childcarecanada.org/
• http://www.ccsc-cssge.ca/ecec-
credentialing-results

6. Three Influential Studies
Early Years
Study , 1999
Early Years
Study 2 , 2007
Early Years
Study 3, 2011
Policy Origin and A Brief History Children
Prosperity
Creches
(France)
Montessori(
psychologica
l &
educational
aspect,
(Italian)
Nursery
(Health &
Hygiene)

7. Early Years Study 1 | 1999
The Early years study: Reversing the real brain drain (1999) describes
the critical importance of children's early interactions in shaping their
development
Early Development Index :
1. EYS1 gave a tool that looked at children development just before
they are prepared to enter schools(Early Years Study 1, 1999)
2. EYS 1 revealed how experiences in early childhood shape the
architecture and function of the brain, with lifelong consequences
for the individual and for society(Early Years Study, 1999)
Health
Education
Nutrition

8. Early Years Study 2 | 2007
•
Early years study 2: Putting science into action (2007) focused on the policy
framework necessary to improve conditions in early childhood, with a view of
improving the health of the population.
• It promoted the indicators of the changed tool and how programs are
integrating. (Margaret ,2012)
• According to Dr. Stuart Shankar , it argued for a policy framework to improve
population health outcomes.(Early Years Study, 2012)

9. Early Years Study 3 | 2011
Making decisions, taking action
• The Early Years Study 3 documents the social, economic and scientific
rationale for increased investments in ECE. It also introduces the Early
Childhood Education Report.
• It documents the social, economic and scientific rationale for enhanced
investments in ECE. It also introduces the ECE Index to monitor the funding,
policy, access and quality of early education programming.(Early Years
Study,2012)
•
Making decisions, taking action: It provides the overarching advice that OECD
gave to Canada since Canada was not faring well in ECE.

10. Child Care and Early Years Act, 2014
• The Child Care and Early Years Act, 2014 (CCEYA) came into effect on August 31,
2015. This legislation replaced the outdated Day Nurseries Act 1990 (DNA -10
versions) and established new rules governing child care in Ontario.
 Who does the Act apply to?
• Unlicensed child care
• Home child care providers contracted by a licensed agency
• Licensed home child care agencies; and
• Licensed child care centres
 Who is exempt from the Act?
• Nannies or babysitters that provide care to children in the
children’s home
• Care by relatives
• Camps that only care for children aged 4 and over
• Programs with a primary purpose of academic or skill-
based recreation
• Private schools that only care for children aged 4 and over.

11. Children
Prosperity
Neuro-
cognitive
Development
Rising
Child
Poverty
Early
School
Leavers
Low Family
Affordability
Women
Participatio
n rates
1953- 2013
Purpose behind Ontario
Early Years Policy

12. Women vs. Men workforce Participation
Source: Labour Force Survey (LFS), 1976 to 2014, and previous LFS publications

13. Unequal Pay
Source : http://alfa-img.com/show/pay-women-less.html
Canada lags behind western nations in bridging women’s
wage gap . Canada is lagging behind the leaders in the
western world in terms of the presence of women in
company boardrooms and bridging the wage gap between
genders(shulman,2016).
Source: Data from PricewaterhouseCoopers’ 2016
In Canada, women only made up
about 13 per cent company
boardrooms.
In terms of wage equality, Canada
finished in the bottom third, coming
in at 24th, just ahead of
Switzerland.(Shulman, 2016)

14. Canada should spend more on child care. (Toronto Dominion Bank, 2012)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHUdakeg92c https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BGpEXKgU20A

15. You pay me now or you pay me later. (Mustard, F., n.d)
• Study suggests that one cohort of early school leavers add up more to the
social cost in terms of the social assistance ,employment insurance and
then additional cost of criminal justice system .Now put them against the
taxes and employment insurance , they are not paying , it is worth $ 2.2
Billion. ( Early Years Study,2007)

16. Quebec:ACaseStudyforOntario
• Quebec has the least expensive childcare in the country at $7/day
Meanwhile in Ontario parents pay as much as $49/day.
•
Affordable
Child Care for
Families
More
Savings
More
Education
Better
Employment
Aspects
More female
labor
participation
Dads
involved
Childrearin
g 82%
parental
leave
Poverty
Alleviation by
50%
Students
Better results
More
Revenues
from Female
labor
participation

17. Quebec’s universal child-care system (and low tuition rates)
makes it the most affordable province. Since 1997, when the
subsidized child-care program was introduced, the most a
family paid was $7.55 per day.(Canadian Center for Policy
Alternatives)
Child care cost started from $ 5 in 1997 to $7 in 2016.
Quebec parents of young kids, meanwhile, could actually make
a profit: The median monthly child care cost there is $152 a
month, which would leave $8 a month left over.
In Ottawa, high costs force some parents to go across the river
to Gatineau, Que., where rates are $10,000 a year
cheaper.(CCPA)
Quebec’s Children
Initiatives helped it to go
from the bottom to the
top on many social
indicators(Early Years
Study 3, 2011)
• Lowest female participation to highest.
• Less likely to attend post secondary
education now attending than their
Canadian counterparts.
• Children high score on many
standardized tests
• Despite working more , more babies
• Dads are involved in more child rearing
• Mothers involved in workforce due to
low child care generate more tax
revenues.

18. Ontario Early Policy Framework
Toronto is the most expensive child care fees in the country.(CCPA)
And the money doesn’t seem to trickle down to often-underpaid early childhood
educators.
In April 2015, the province announced $120 million in new funding dedicated to
building safe, high-quality, licensed child care spaces in schools across the
province. So far, $113 million has been allocated, resulting in almost 3,800 new
licensed child care spaces coming soon to communities across Ontario.
Since 2003–04, the government has doubled child care funding to more than $1
billion annually, and the number of licensed child care spaces in Ontario has
grown to nearly 351,000 – an increase of 87 per cent.
“Recent statistics suggest that Canada has one of the highest labour force
participation rates of mothers with children under the age of six among the
OECD countries”.(Adkin & Abu Laban, 2008, p.49)
Source: Global news

19. Source: Global news
Source: Canadian Center for Policy Alternatives

20. ECE Index
Child Care and
Early Years Act,
2014 Licensing
Standards
Child Care
Licensing System
Staff
Qualifications
Emergency
Preparedness
Ratios of
Employees to
Children and
Group Size
Building
Equipment and
Playground
Staff
Qualifications
Health and
Medical
Supervision
Nutrition
Administrative
Matters
Staff Screening
Measures and
Criminal
Reference Checks
Program for
Children

21. • Sleep Policies and Supervision
• Every licensee is supposed to ensure that a child who is younger than 12
months is placed for sleep in a manner that is consistent with the
recommendations set out in the document entitled “Joint Statement on Safe
Sleep: Preventing Sudden Infant Deaths in Canada” published by Public Health
Agency of Canada, unless the child’s physician recommends otherwise in
writing.
Source: Ontario, Ministry of Education

22. Age Grouping Ratio of staff to
children
Maximum number
of children in
group
Infants (younger
than 18 months)
3 to 10 10
Toddlers (18
months or older but
younger than 30
months)
1 to 5 15
Preschool (30
months or older but
younger than 6
years)
1 to 8 16
Kindergarten (44
months or older but
younger than 68
months)
1 to 13 26
Primary/junior
school age (68
months or older but
younger than 13
years)
1 to 15 30
Junior school age (9
years or older but
younger than 13
years)
1 to 20 20
Licensing Standards
What are the ratios for licensed child care centers?
Licensed child care centers are required to meet the minimum standards set out in the following ratios.
The majority of the ratios for licensed child care centers remain unchanged. Only the ratios for 4-5 year old and 9-
12 year old have been changed and operators may choose to use the former ratios or the new ones.
Licensed child care centers can choose to have more staff than is required, but may not have less: (Ontario, Ministry of
Education,2015)
Source: Ontario, Ministry of Education

23. • 2005 - Best Start Strategies, Networks and Demonstration Sites
• 2009 - With Our Best Future in Mind
• 2010 - Beginning of the implementation of Full Day Kindergarten; The release of the new child care
funding formula; Introduction of the Ontario Early Years Policies Framework: How Does learning
Happen? Ontario’s Pedagogy for Early Years;
• 2010-12 New EDU responsibility for Child Care modernization begin;
• 2013 - Ontario Early Years Policy Framework –Think, Feel, Act; The new Child Care Funding and
Framework implementation;
• 2014 - New EDU responsibility for Child Care and family programs; Full implementation of Full-Day
Kindergarten – How does Learning Happen?
• 2015 - Implementation of the New Child Care and Early Years Act (2014);
• 2016-17 Moving forward with the Ontario Early Years Child and Family Centres with the release of the
provincial guidelines and launch of the local needs assessment processes and consultations.
• 2017 -Conducting local consultation and local needs assessments and the development of local service
system plans; Release of new OEYCFC funding and allocation to CMSM;
• 2018- CMSM, Social Services Department, Municipalities will assume the implementation of the
OEYCFC funding and service system management.
Early Years Policy Implementation & its historic perspective;
There were 4 Keys areas for policy implementation that were first focused by the policy makers.
Full Day Kindergarten by 2014
Implementation of Best Start and Family Center
Improve Language and Speech
Stability in Child Care
System

24. Full Day Kindergarten
by 2014
Implementation
of Best Start
and Family
Center
Improve
Language and
Speech
Stability in
Child Care
System
Overview of some of the key milestones and timelines:

25. EYP Evaluation
Technical
Feasibility
• Did EYP achieve its purpose or supposed to do what it wanted? Yes, it did as it attained
Economic &
Financial
Possibility
• It deals with a)Cost of policy and b) benefits of such policy and programs
• Whole society will reap the benefits in the longer .
Political Viability
• Will the policy fly? Yes, it is flying well. Its an answer to a universal problem.
Administrative
Operability
• Are financial and human resources available? Yes, massive funding & finances
were available $ 1Billion annually.
• Will teachers or physical facilities staffing available?
More
spaces for
children
87%
More
Regularizat
ion in
CCEYA
Curricula
for ECE
Profession
als

26. • A few references to the Education policy course
1,What is the kind of Early Years Policy?
Incremental as it overlaps with other policies and acts (Pan-Canada & DNA)
2,The role of research in policy making.
It was totally research-based (3 studies)
3, The role of Policy Dissemination:
All the stakeholders were taken into consideration as it streamlined the nuts and
bolts by regulating the ECE industry.

27. Individual
Social
Overall
Economics
Policy Evaluation: Early
Yearly policy was important
for both provincial and
national economic growth.
It created more employment
opportunities, university
graduates, colleges, school
and day care centers.

28. Questions?

29. References
Adkin, L., & Abu-Laban, Y. (2008). The challenge of care: Early childhood education and care in Canada and Quebec. Studies in Political Economy, 81, 49-76.
Ferrao, V. 2010. Paid Work. Women in Canada: A Gender-Based Statistical Report. Sixth edition. Statistics Canada. Catalogue 89-503X.
Shulman, Michael(May 27, 2016). Canada Lags Behind Western Nations In Bridging Women’s Wage Gap. Retrieved from
https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/blogs/insight/canada-lags-behind-western-nations-in-bridging-women-s-wage-gap-194416589.html
Howe, C., Prochner, Laurence Wayne, & Gibson Library Connections, Inc. (2000). Early childhood care and education in Canada. Vancouver: UBC Press.
McCain, M., Mustard, J. Fraser, Shanker, Stuart, Council for Early Child Development, & Gibson Library Connections Inc. (2007). Early years study 2 putting science into
action. Toronto, Ont.: Council for Early Child Development.
McCain, M., Mustard, J. Fraser, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Gibson Library Connections Inc, Ontario. Premier, & Ontario. Minister Responsible for
Children. (2011). Early years study final report : Reversing the real brain drain. Toronto, Ont.: Canadian Institute for Advanced Research.

30. Thanks