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Oksitaani keel
Maarja-Liis Loo ja Karola Karlson
 Oksitaani keel kuulub romaani keelte hulka ning
Indoeuroopa keelkonda
 Keelel on umbes 100 000 - 800 000 kõnelejat,
mõnedel andmetel 1.5 miljonit.
 Kataloonia ning Hispaanias on see üks ametlikest
riigikeeltest.
 Prantsuse keeles nimetatakse oksitaani keelt “langue
d’oc”
 Keelt kõneletakse Lõuna-Prantsusmaal, Oksitaania
orus, Monacos, ja Hispaania Aran’i orus. Lähim
sugulaskeel on katalaani keel.
 Üks oksitaani keele dialekte on provansaali keel.
Lisaks ka:
 limousin
 auvergnat
 languedoc
 gascon
 aranese
 tumesinine ala: ametlik keel
 helesinine ala: tunnustatud osaliselt
Ajalugu
 Oksitaani keel pärineb vulgaarladina keelest
 Pärast Rooma impeeriumi lagunemist 5. sajandil,
hakkasid keeled erinevalt arnenema.
 Selle omaette arengule aitas kaasa looduslik
eraldatus Alpide ning Püreneed poolt.
 Vanim teadaolev oksitaanikeelne tekst pärineb aastast
960. See on ladina ja oksitaanikeelne luuletus.
 Oksitaani keel oli keskaegsete trubaduuride
luuletamise keel.
 Varaseim oskitaanikeelne trubaduur, kelle töö on
säilinud, oli Akvitaania hertsog William IX
 Keskajal tunti ja mõisteti oksitaani keelt kogu
Euroopas.
 Inglismaa kuninga Richard I emakeel
 See oli esimene kirjanduse
keel keskaegses Euroopas.
 Lähim sugulaskeel on katalaani keel.
 Grammatiliselt sarnaneb oksitaani keel rohkem
hispaania kui prantsuse keelele.
 Prantsuse keele mõjul on sõnarõhk nihkunud sõna
lõppu.
 Oksitaania keeles on vähem poolkinniseid
täishäälikuid
 Isikulist asesõna ei kasutata
 Sotsiaalne staatus:
 ühekeelseid kõnelejaid on väga vähe
 kasutatakse peamiselt kirjanduses
 näide:
 Totei lei personas naisson liuras e egalas en dignitat e
en drech. Son dotadas de rason e de consciéncia e li
cau (/fau) agir entre elei amb un esperit de frairesa.
 Tous les êtres humains naissent libres et égaux en
dignité et en droits. Ils sont doués de raison et de
conscience et doivent agir les uns envers les autres
dans un esprit de fraternité.
 Bernat de Ventadorn
 Lo tems vai e ven e vire
Per jorns, per mes e per
ans,
Et eu, las no.n sai que dire,
C'ades es us mos
talans.
Ades es us e no.s muda,
C'una.n volh e.n ai
volguda,
Don anc non aic jauzimen.

 Ben es mortz qui d'amor no sen
Al cor calque dousa
sabor!
E que val viure ses amor
Mas per enoi far a la
gen
Ja Domnedeus no.m azir tan
Qu'eu ja pois viva
jorn ni mes
Pois que d'enoi serai mespres
Ni d'amor
non aurai talan .

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Oksitaani keel

  • 1. Oksitaani keel Maarja-Liis Loo ja Karola Karlson
  • 2.  Oksitaani keel kuulub romaani keelte hulka ning Indoeuroopa keelkonda  Keelel on umbes 100 000 - 800 000 kõnelejat, mõnedel andmetel 1.5 miljonit.  Kataloonia ning Hispaanias on see üks ametlikest riigikeeltest.  Prantsuse keeles nimetatakse oksitaani keelt “langue d’oc”
  • 3.  Keelt kõneletakse Lõuna-Prantsusmaal, Oksitaania orus, Monacos, ja Hispaania Aran’i orus. Lähim sugulaskeel on katalaani keel.
  • 4.  Üks oksitaani keele dialekte on provansaali keel. Lisaks ka:  limousin  auvergnat  languedoc  gascon  aranese
  • 5.  tumesinine ala: ametlik keel  helesinine ala: tunnustatud osaliselt
  • 6. Ajalugu  Oksitaani keel pärineb vulgaarladina keelest  Pärast Rooma impeeriumi lagunemist 5. sajandil, hakkasid keeled erinevalt arnenema.  Selle omaette arengule aitas kaasa looduslik eraldatus Alpide ning Püreneed poolt.  Vanim teadaolev oksitaanikeelne tekst pärineb aastast 960. See on ladina ja oksitaanikeelne luuletus.
  • 7.  Oksitaani keel oli keskaegsete trubaduuride luuletamise keel.  Varaseim oskitaanikeelne trubaduur, kelle töö on säilinud, oli Akvitaania hertsog William IX  Keskajal tunti ja mõisteti oksitaani keelt kogu Euroopas.  Inglismaa kuninga Richard I emakeel  See oli esimene kirjanduse keel keskaegses Euroopas.
  • 8.
  • 9.  Lähim sugulaskeel on katalaani keel.  Grammatiliselt sarnaneb oksitaani keel rohkem hispaania kui prantsuse keelele.  Prantsuse keele mõjul on sõnarõhk nihkunud sõna lõppu.  Oksitaania keeles on vähem poolkinniseid täishäälikuid  Isikulist asesõna ei kasutata
  • 10.  Sotsiaalne staatus:  ühekeelseid kõnelejaid on väga vähe  kasutatakse peamiselt kirjanduses  näide:  Totei lei personas naisson liuras e egalas en dignitat e en drech. Son dotadas de rason e de consciéncia e li cau (/fau) agir entre elei amb un esperit de frairesa.  Tous les êtres humains naissent libres et égaux en dignité et en droits. Ils sont doués de raison et de conscience et doivent agir les uns envers les autres dans un esprit de fraternité.
  • 11.  Bernat de Ventadorn  Lo tems vai e ven e vire
Per jorns, per mes e per ans,
Et eu, las no.n sai que dire,
C'ades es us mos talans.
Ades es us e no.s muda,
C'una.n volh e.n ai volguda,
Don anc non aic jauzimen.   Ben es mortz qui d'amor no sen
Al cor calque dousa sabor!
E que val viure ses amor
Mas per enoi far a la gen
Ja Domnedeus no.m azir tan
Qu'eu ja pois viva jorn ni mes
Pois que d'enoi serai mespres
Ni d'amor non aurai talan .