This document provides specifications for Submar Inc.'s Revetment Mattress, including its dimensions, weight, concrete density, fiber rope material used, and intended primary use for inland erosion control projects. It describes the mat's perimeter elements and fiber rope in detail. Installation photos of various projects demonstrate revegetation and grade control results.
Christmas tree tops are pinned down in flood conditions to trap silt, which is then planted with willow twigs to stop erosion. Willow weaving is used to protect riverbanks by weaving willow lengths around posts. Rock ramps are constructed to help migrating fish pass over barriers like bridge sills in low water conditions.
This document discusses efforts to restore Rinearson Creek and pond near the Willamette River in Oregon. The creek and landscape have been significantly altered by human activity, including 4 dams and dredging. Friends of Rinearson Creek want to introduce beaver and restore wetland habitat to improve water quality, biodiversity, and habitat for plants and wildlife. Restoring the creek and pond could involve removing dams, replanting vegetation, and reintroducing beaver dam building.
The document shows diagrams of riparian buffer zones along river and wetland edges. The diagrams depict using native plantings like trees, shrubs, grasses and forbs to create natural buffers that improve habitat, allow for wetland migration, provide views along trails, and help filter runoff entering the waterways. Retaining existing native trees and gradually replacing seawalls with a soft vegetated edge are also illustrated.
With technical advances in surface seismic and downhole electrical imaging techniques, it is now possible to not only map the distribution of reservoir sandstones in the subsurface, but to accurately define the orientation of productive fairways, or “sweet-spots”, within the sequence.
Channel sands frequently have favorable reservoir characteristics. Having often been laid down in higher energy settings, they commonly have coarser and better sorted grains, less clay and improved poro-perm characteristics. However, they often have limited lateral extent and shoe-string geometries which make them more difficult to predict in the subsurface.
Penn and fountain wildlife hazard taskforce presentation 3 14-18ecowatchers
The document discusses plans to transform two former landfill sites, Pennsylvania Park and Fountain Park, into a single connected park along Jamaica Bay in New York. The parks would total over 750 acres and feature over 10 miles of trails, connections between the sites, improved access to the waterfront, and amenities like a fishing beach and pier. Renderings show before and after images of proposed improvements like expanding park entrances, adding bike and pedestrian bridges, and upgrading shoreline access points to create a mosaic of recreational activities for visitors to the new park.
This document provides descriptions of 13 trails and parks located on Cortes Island, British Columbia. It includes details about the length and difficulty of each trail, highlights of the natural scenery and wildlife viewers can expect to see, and provides directions for finding and accessing each trail. The trails vary in length from 5 minute beach access routes to full day hikes through old-growth forest and along rugged coastal bluffs, offering visitors to Cortes Island a range of recreational hiking opportunities to experience the local natural environment.
The document contains photos and information about water quality and pollution issues affecting the Catawba River watershed region. Over the past 20 years, non-point source pollution has increased by over 55% due to changes in land cover from development. Some of the specific water quality issues called out are excess nutrients causing eutrophication, low dissolved oxygen, acid rain, mercury, and fecal coliform bacteria from improper sewage treatment. Development increases the amount of polluted runoff entering waterways, carrying sediments, bacteria, metals, pesticides, fertilizers and petroleum.
The Tire Log™ is a patented innovation made from waste tires with a unique and energy efficient approach to recycling tires. The Tire Log™ is may be used for a wide variety of possible applications that include: Levees, flood control, earthquake survivability, highway safety/sound barriers, as well as military applications as a barricade or bunker building material.
Christmas tree tops are pinned down in flood conditions to trap silt, which is then planted with willow twigs to stop erosion. Willow weaving is used to protect riverbanks by weaving willow lengths around posts. Rock ramps are constructed to help migrating fish pass over barriers like bridge sills in low water conditions.
This document discusses efforts to restore Rinearson Creek and pond near the Willamette River in Oregon. The creek and landscape have been significantly altered by human activity, including 4 dams and dredging. Friends of Rinearson Creek want to introduce beaver and restore wetland habitat to improve water quality, biodiversity, and habitat for plants and wildlife. Restoring the creek and pond could involve removing dams, replanting vegetation, and reintroducing beaver dam building.
The document shows diagrams of riparian buffer zones along river and wetland edges. The diagrams depict using native plantings like trees, shrubs, grasses and forbs to create natural buffers that improve habitat, allow for wetland migration, provide views along trails, and help filter runoff entering the waterways. Retaining existing native trees and gradually replacing seawalls with a soft vegetated edge are also illustrated.
With technical advances in surface seismic and downhole electrical imaging techniques, it is now possible to not only map the distribution of reservoir sandstones in the subsurface, but to accurately define the orientation of productive fairways, or “sweet-spots”, within the sequence.
Channel sands frequently have favorable reservoir characteristics. Having often been laid down in higher energy settings, they commonly have coarser and better sorted grains, less clay and improved poro-perm characteristics. However, they often have limited lateral extent and shoe-string geometries which make them more difficult to predict in the subsurface.
Penn and fountain wildlife hazard taskforce presentation 3 14-18ecowatchers
The document discusses plans to transform two former landfill sites, Pennsylvania Park and Fountain Park, into a single connected park along Jamaica Bay in New York. The parks would total over 750 acres and feature over 10 miles of trails, connections between the sites, improved access to the waterfront, and amenities like a fishing beach and pier. Renderings show before and after images of proposed improvements like expanding park entrances, adding bike and pedestrian bridges, and upgrading shoreline access points to create a mosaic of recreational activities for visitors to the new park.
This document provides descriptions of 13 trails and parks located on Cortes Island, British Columbia. It includes details about the length and difficulty of each trail, highlights of the natural scenery and wildlife viewers can expect to see, and provides directions for finding and accessing each trail. The trails vary in length from 5 minute beach access routes to full day hikes through old-growth forest and along rugged coastal bluffs, offering visitors to Cortes Island a range of recreational hiking opportunities to experience the local natural environment.
The document contains photos and information about water quality and pollution issues affecting the Catawba River watershed region. Over the past 20 years, non-point source pollution has increased by over 55% due to changes in land cover from development. Some of the specific water quality issues called out are excess nutrients causing eutrophication, low dissolved oxygen, acid rain, mercury, and fecal coliform bacteria from improper sewage treatment. Development increases the amount of polluted runoff entering waterways, carrying sediments, bacteria, metals, pesticides, fertilizers and petroleum.
The Tire Log™ is a patented innovation made from waste tires with a unique and energy efficient approach to recycling tires. The Tire Log™ is may be used for a wide variety of possible applications that include: Levees, flood control, earthquake survivability, highway safety/sound barriers, as well as military applications as a barricade or bunker building material.
Oyster castle addition at bennett's pointMadisonSocha
This document describes a study examining river bank erosion at Bennett's Point, South Carolina. Boats ignoring no-wake zones were throwing large wakes that were slowly eroding the river banks and destroying marsh grass. To address this, the author constructed a 100-foot long pyramid-shaped wall of oyster castles to block boat wakes. Over three years, the bank behind the wall built up sediment and grass regrew, demonstrating the effectiveness of oyster castles in preventing erosion from boat wakes. The author also used two models, WEPP and the soil loss equation, to show that observed erosion exceeded natural levels, proving it was caused by human activity from boats.
1) Tropical Storm Irene caused record flooding in many Massachusetts rivers, with some peak flows having less than a 0.2% probability of occurring in a given year.
2) The flooding showed that rivers will access their floodplains and erode and deposit sediment in ways that change their channels over time if not prevented by infrastructure like undersized culverts.
3) Massachusetts has established stream crossing standards to maintain river processes and continuity, and these standards are now required under various state permits and regulations. Adhering to these standards helps infrastructure withstand floods like Irene while allowing rivers more natural function.
This document provides erosion control recommendations for Sunset Ridge Homeowners Association. It discusses various causes of shoreline erosion and different erosion control methods, including vegetative, structural, and a combination approach. For Sunset Ridge, it proposes either installing riprap along 792 feet of shoreline while planting native species in the detention pond, or using a combination of riprap, outcroppings, and developing the detention pond with natives. The combination approach uses both hard structures and vegetation for immediate and long-term erosion control. Mobilization and construction sequencing are outlined for either option.
The document outlines plans to restore the Johnson Creek Watershed through stream bank stabilization projects, abandoned mine drainage remediation, and community education. The project area focuses on a two mile section of Johnson Creek and its tributaries. Goals are to improve water quality and aquatic habitat to increase diversity of fish and macroinvertebrates, improve recreational opportunities, and encourage long-term stewardship of the watershed through community involvement. Specific restoration sites are described along with their existing conditions and recommended stabilization techniques.
Channelisation involves altering the natural geometry of a watercourse through hard engineering techniques. It is done to increase channel capacity and prevent flooding, provide straighter channels for navigation, prevent erosion, and reclaim wetlands. Specific channelisation methods include resectioning to widen and deepen channels, realignment to straighten meandering rivers, bank protection through structures, lined channels with concrete, containment within pipes and arches, vegetation clearance to remove obstructions, and dredging to remove sediment.
SAQIB IMRAN 0341-7549889 11
1. The document is notes written by Saqib Imran, a civil engineering student in Pakistan, to provide knowledge on hydraulic structures to other students and engineers.
2. It defines hydraulic structures as anything used to divert, restrict, or manage natural water flow, such as dams, weirs, and spillways. It also discusses factors that affect the design of canals, barrages, and culverts.
3. The notes provide definitions for various technical terms related to hydraulic structures like khadir, weir axis, river axis, and retrogression. It also describes river training works including guide banks and marginal bund
The document discusses the benefits and challenges of vegetation on levees in California's Central Valley. It notes that the Army Corps of Engineers' rules for levee vegetation, if strictly followed, would leave most levees in an "ugly" state. The document suggests changes to the rules to allow more vegetation while still prioritizing public safety. It concludes by advocating keeping beneficial vegetation, removing problematic vegetation, and rebuilding levees to accommodate more vegetation.
The Slopetame2 system provides erosion control through a three-dimensional matrix of plastic rings, vertical bars, and a geotextile fabric. It reinforces soil to increase stability on slopes and prevents erosion better than mats. Applications include vegetated swales, pond shorelines, steep slopes, channels, and infiltration trenches. The system's crossbars and fabric allow for plant growth while prohibiting soil movement. Duckbill anchors and rebar securely fasten the mats in place.
Robert W. Fairbanks and Richard N. St. Jean, Coastal Shoreline Protection Usi...riseagrant
BeachSAMP Stakeholder Meeting
December 9th, 2013
Robert W. Fairbanks, P.E., President
Fairbanks Engineering Corp.
Richard N. St. Jean, P.E., President
St. Jean Engineering, LLC
The Groton Sustainability Commission is concerned about ongoing erosion of the banks along the Squannacook and Nashua Rivers due to increased flooding from climate change. Global warming is predicted to cause more frequent, intense storms that result in greater river runoff and flooding. Data from a weather station shows floods on the Squannacook River are increasing in height and frequency since the 1980s. This frequent, intense flooding is eroding river banks, exposing tree roots and causing large trees to fall into the rivers. Areas of erosion on the Squannacook River could threaten a nearby road if not addressed. Global warming impacts like increased erosion are already occurring.
The document proposes planting native vegetation along 950 linear feet of the eastern shoreline of the UMass Campus Pond to stabilize eroding banks and protect wetland resource areas. Plantings will include trees, shrubs, grasses and wildflowers suitable for wetland areas. Invasive species will be removed through pruning and herbicide application. Plantings are aimed to reduce erosion, improve water quality, provide habitat and allow for potential expansion of wetland areas. The work will be conducted over three to five years using best practices for erosion control and protecting water quality in the pond.
The document discusses possible causes and mitigation measures for frequent flooding along Sungai Pinang in Kuantan, Malaysia. The key causes identified are deforestation, a shallow river, location in a low-lying region, issues with irrigation/drainage systems, and heavy rainfall during monsoon season. Proposed solutions include sustainable forest management, river bank protection, improving irrigation/drainage infrastructure, constructing a new higher bridge across the river, and elevating roads near the river.
Mangroves provide important coastal protection from storms and sea level rise. They reduce wave energy and heights by 13-66% over 100m as waves pass through aerial roots and branches. Mangrove soils also actively accumulate sediments at rates up to 10mm/year, allowing mangroves to potentially keep pace with rising seas. Studies found wave heights reduced exponentially with distance through mangrove forests. Mangroves have been shown to reduce tsunami heights by 5-30% over widths of several hundred meters.
Mangroves provide important coastal protection from storms and sea level rise. They reduce wave energy and heights by 13-66% over 100m as waves pass through aerial roots and branches. Mangrove soils also actively accumulate sediments and can vertically accrete up to 10mm/year, allowing mangroves to potentially keep pace with rising seas. Studies show mangrove belts hundreds of meters wide reduced tsunami heights by 5-30% after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Mangroves protect coastlines from erosion by slowing water flow and trapping sediments.
This document provides information on different types of dams and their purposes. It discusses arch dams, earth dams, buttress dams, gravity dams, and issues related to dam safety. The key points are:
- Dams are constructed to store water for uses like hydropower, irrigation, water supply, flood control, and fisheries. Different dam types include arch, earth, buttress, and gravity dams.
- Arch dams are curved upstream and transmit loads to abutments. Earth dams are trapezoidal and used where foundations are weak. Buttress dams are reinforced by supports. Gravity dams rely on weight to resist water pressure.
- Dams provide benefits like electricity, irrigation, water
This document discusses soil erosion along creek banks. It provides an overview of the Purga Creek in Queensland, Australia as a case study. The main causes of soil erosion along creek banks are identified as natural processes like floods, as well as human activities like land clearing and cattle grazing. Allowing native plants to grow along creek banks can help mitigate erosion by holding soil with their roots. Planting trees and fencing off cattle are recommended actions to reduce erosion.
- Sediment has filled over 70% of the Illinois River backwaters, reducing depths from 6-8 feet to less than 18 inches and replacing diverse habitat with shallow mudflats.
- Innovative dredging technologies could potentially remove vast quantities of sediment while maintaining its structure and consistency, and the sediment could then be used to restore habitat diversity and floodplain areas.
- Bucket wheel excavators, high solids pumps, and a new dredge combining a clam shell bucket and displacement pump show promise for removing sediment with minimal water mixing and resuspension.
This document discusses river training techniques using permeable structures called porcupines. Porcupines are cost-effective RCC structures constructed by joining six members together to form a tetrahedral frame. They are used as spurs, dampeners or screens to redirect river flow, dissipate energy, and induce sediment deposition for bank protection. Porcupines have been successfully used in major Indian rivers like Brahmaputra and Ganga.
Storm Pipe Relining (Cured-in-Place Pipe Lining) FY 2016Fairfax County
The Fairfax County Department of Public Works and Environmental Services completed cured-in-place pipe lining projects on 7,187 linear feet of deteriorating storm pipes during Fiscal Year 2016. Trenchless technology methods were used to line pipes between 15 to 33 inches in diameter in 51 locations across the county to extend the service life of the pipes and avoid land disturbance. The liners sealed separations and openings in pipes that had experienced damage, corrosion, roots, missing sections, and other deterioration. This restored the structural integrity of the pipes for at least 50 additional years.
More Related Content
Similar to Oil & Gas General, Installation, Revegetation & Grade Control
Oyster castle addition at bennett's pointMadisonSocha
This document describes a study examining river bank erosion at Bennett's Point, South Carolina. Boats ignoring no-wake zones were throwing large wakes that were slowly eroding the river banks and destroying marsh grass. To address this, the author constructed a 100-foot long pyramid-shaped wall of oyster castles to block boat wakes. Over three years, the bank behind the wall built up sediment and grass regrew, demonstrating the effectiveness of oyster castles in preventing erosion from boat wakes. The author also used two models, WEPP and the soil loss equation, to show that observed erosion exceeded natural levels, proving it was caused by human activity from boats.
1) Tropical Storm Irene caused record flooding in many Massachusetts rivers, with some peak flows having less than a 0.2% probability of occurring in a given year.
2) The flooding showed that rivers will access their floodplains and erode and deposit sediment in ways that change their channels over time if not prevented by infrastructure like undersized culverts.
3) Massachusetts has established stream crossing standards to maintain river processes and continuity, and these standards are now required under various state permits and regulations. Adhering to these standards helps infrastructure withstand floods like Irene while allowing rivers more natural function.
This document provides erosion control recommendations for Sunset Ridge Homeowners Association. It discusses various causes of shoreline erosion and different erosion control methods, including vegetative, structural, and a combination approach. For Sunset Ridge, it proposes either installing riprap along 792 feet of shoreline while planting native species in the detention pond, or using a combination of riprap, outcroppings, and developing the detention pond with natives. The combination approach uses both hard structures and vegetation for immediate and long-term erosion control. Mobilization and construction sequencing are outlined for either option.
The document outlines plans to restore the Johnson Creek Watershed through stream bank stabilization projects, abandoned mine drainage remediation, and community education. The project area focuses on a two mile section of Johnson Creek and its tributaries. Goals are to improve water quality and aquatic habitat to increase diversity of fish and macroinvertebrates, improve recreational opportunities, and encourage long-term stewardship of the watershed through community involvement. Specific restoration sites are described along with their existing conditions and recommended stabilization techniques.
Channelisation involves altering the natural geometry of a watercourse through hard engineering techniques. It is done to increase channel capacity and prevent flooding, provide straighter channels for navigation, prevent erosion, and reclaim wetlands. Specific channelisation methods include resectioning to widen and deepen channels, realignment to straighten meandering rivers, bank protection through structures, lined channels with concrete, containment within pipes and arches, vegetation clearance to remove obstructions, and dredging to remove sediment.
SAQIB IMRAN 0341-7549889 11
1. The document is notes written by Saqib Imran, a civil engineering student in Pakistan, to provide knowledge on hydraulic structures to other students and engineers.
2. It defines hydraulic structures as anything used to divert, restrict, or manage natural water flow, such as dams, weirs, and spillways. It also discusses factors that affect the design of canals, barrages, and culverts.
3. The notes provide definitions for various technical terms related to hydraulic structures like khadir, weir axis, river axis, and retrogression. It also describes river training works including guide banks and marginal bund
The document discusses the benefits and challenges of vegetation on levees in California's Central Valley. It notes that the Army Corps of Engineers' rules for levee vegetation, if strictly followed, would leave most levees in an "ugly" state. The document suggests changes to the rules to allow more vegetation while still prioritizing public safety. It concludes by advocating keeping beneficial vegetation, removing problematic vegetation, and rebuilding levees to accommodate more vegetation.
The Slopetame2 system provides erosion control through a three-dimensional matrix of plastic rings, vertical bars, and a geotextile fabric. It reinforces soil to increase stability on slopes and prevents erosion better than mats. Applications include vegetated swales, pond shorelines, steep slopes, channels, and infiltration trenches. The system's crossbars and fabric allow for plant growth while prohibiting soil movement. Duckbill anchors and rebar securely fasten the mats in place.
Robert W. Fairbanks and Richard N. St. Jean, Coastal Shoreline Protection Usi...riseagrant
BeachSAMP Stakeholder Meeting
December 9th, 2013
Robert W. Fairbanks, P.E., President
Fairbanks Engineering Corp.
Richard N. St. Jean, P.E., President
St. Jean Engineering, LLC
The Groton Sustainability Commission is concerned about ongoing erosion of the banks along the Squannacook and Nashua Rivers due to increased flooding from climate change. Global warming is predicted to cause more frequent, intense storms that result in greater river runoff and flooding. Data from a weather station shows floods on the Squannacook River are increasing in height and frequency since the 1980s. This frequent, intense flooding is eroding river banks, exposing tree roots and causing large trees to fall into the rivers. Areas of erosion on the Squannacook River could threaten a nearby road if not addressed. Global warming impacts like increased erosion are already occurring.
The document proposes planting native vegetation along 950 linear feet of the eastern shoreline of the UMass Campus Pond to stabilize eroding banks and protect wetland resource areas. Plantings will include trees, shrubs, grasses and wildflowers suitable for wetland areas. Invasive species will be removed through pruning and herbicide application. Plantings are aimed to reduce erosion, improve water quality, provide habitat and allow for potential expansion of wetland areas. The work will be conducted over three to five years using best practices for erosion control and protecting water quality in the pond.
The document discusses possible causes and mitigation measures for frequent flooding along Sungai Pinang in Kuantan, Malaysia. The key causes identified are deforestation, a shallow river, location in a low-lying region, issues with irrigation/drainage systems, and heavy rainfall during monsoon season. Proposed solutions include sustainable forest management, river bank protection, improving irrigation/drainage infrastructure, constructing a new higher bridge across the river, and elevating roads near the river.
Mangroves provide important coastal protection from storms and sea level rise. They reduce wave energy and heights by 13-66% over 100m as waves pass through aerial roots and branches. Mangrove soils also actively accumulate sediments at rates up to 10mm/year, allowing mangroves to potentially keep pace with rising seas. Studies found wave heights reduced exponentially with distance through mangrove forests. Mangroves have been shown to reduce tsunami heights by 5-30% over widths of several hundred meters.
Mangroves provide important coastal protection from storms and sea level rise. They reduce wave energy and heights by 13-66% over 100m as waves pass through aerial roots and branches. Mangrove soils also actively accumulate sediments and can vertically accrete up to 10mm/year, allowing mangroves to potentially keep pace with rising seas. Studies show mangrove belts hundreds of meters wide reduced tsunami heights by 5-30% after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Mangroves protect coastlines from erosion by slowing water flow and trapping sediments.
This document provides information on different types of dams and their purposes. It discusses arch dams, earth dams, buttress dams, gravity dams, and issues related to dam safety. The key points are:
- Dams are constructed to store water for uses like hydropower, irrigation, water supply, flood control, and fisheries. Different dam types include arch, earth, buttress, and gravity dams.
- Arch dams are curved upstream and transmit loads to abutments. Earth dams are trapezoidal and used where foundations are weak. Buttress dams are reinforced by supports. Gravity dams rely on weight to resist water pressure.
- Dams provide benefits like electricity, irrigation, water
This document discusses soil erosion along creek banks. It provides an overview of the Purga Creek in Queensland, Australia as a case study. The main causes of soil erosion along creek banks are identified as natural processes like floods, as well as human activities like land clearing and cattle grazing. Allowing native plants to grow along creek banks can help mitigate erosion by holding soil with their roots. Planting trees and fencing off cattle are recommended actions to reduce erosion.
- Sediment has filled over 70% of the Illinois River backwaters, reducing depths from 6-8 feet to less than 18 inches and replacing diverse habitat with shallow mudflats.
- Innovative dredging technologies could potentially remove vast quantities of sediment while maintaining its structure and consistency, and the sediment could then be used to restore habitat diversity and floodplain areas.
- Bucket wheel excavators, high solids pumps, and a new dredge combining a clam shell bucket and displacement pump show promise for removing sediment with minimal water mixing and resuspension.
This document discusses river training techniques using permeable structures called porcupines. Porcupines are cost-effective RCC structures constructed by joining six members together to form a tetrahedral frame. They are used as spurs, dampeners or screens to redirect river flow, dissipate energy, and induce sediment deposition for bank protection. Porcupines have been successfully used in major Indian rivers like Brahmaputra and Ganga.
Storm Pipe Relining (Cured-in-Place Pipe Lining) FY 2016Fairfax County
The Fairfax County Department of Public Works and Environmental Services completed cured-in-place pipe lining projects on 7,187 linear feet of deteriorating storm pipes during Fiscal Year 2016. Trenchless technology methods were used to line pipes between 15 to 33 inches in diameter in 51 locations across the county to extend the service life of the pipes and avoid land disturbance. The liners sealed separations and openings in pipes that had experienced damage, corrosion, roots, missing sections, and other deterioration. This restored the structural integrity of the pipes for at least 50 additional years.
Similar to Oil & Gas General, Installation, Revegetation & Grade Control (20)
Oil & Gas General, Installation, Revegetation & Grade Control
1.
2. SUBMAR, INC.
REVETMENT MATTRESS
SPECIFICATIONS
MATTRESS TYPE: REVETMENT
MATTRESS DIMENSIONS: 8’ X 20’ X 4½”
MATTRESS WEIGHT: AIR 6,200 LBS, UNDERWATER 3,600 LBS
CONCRETE DENSITY: 145 LBS. PER CU. FT., 4,000 PSI
160 ELEMENTS: 5/8” ULTRA VIOLET STABILIZED COPOLYMER EXTRUDED
FIBER ROPE, MINIMUM TENSILE STRENGTH 9,500 POUNDS
8”
12”
38o
4½”
The Submar Revetment mat is used primarily for inland
erosion control projects on shorelines, streams and rivers.
SUB
MAR
MAR
SUB
3. The rope on the mat perimeter elements shall form lifting loops on
all four sides of the mat. The rope shall be an ultra-violet
stabilized copolymer extruded three strand fiber rope. Minimum
tensile strength shall be 9,500 pounds. The rope shall have a good
to excellent resistance to concentrated acids, alkalis and solvents.
The rope shall be impervious to rot, mildew, and degradation due
to marine organisms. The rope material shall not be affected by
continuous immersion in salt water.
5/8”
Copolymer Extruded Fiber Rope
Minimum breaking strength 9,500 lbs.
3/4”
Polypropylene Fiber Rope
Minimum breaking strength 7,500 lbs.
Three Strand Fiber Rope
SUB
M
AR
4.
5. 8"
12"
38o
4½"
Geotextile Fabric
Shoreline or Streambed Subgrade
½“ Gap between mats
Contact area between concrete and
geotextile fabric is 64 in2
. The total
area of block is 144 in2
. Open area
is 44% of total surface area, this area
tends to fill in with sediment. This process
allows revegetation on the mat.
8. SUB
M
AR
Cowskin Creek @ M.P. 263
Sedgwick County, Wichita, KS
Submar Drawing No. AB1174
Before Installation
After Installation
During Installation
ConocoPhillips
13. Dry Swamp Creek
Jones County, Laurel, MS
Submar Drawing No. AB1506
SUB
M
AR
Before Installation
During Installation
After Installation
4 Months After Installation 8 Months After Installation4 Years After Installation
16. Bucatunna Creek
@ MP 774.55
Clarke Co., MS
During Installation
After Installation
Submar Drawing No.
SB1026
SUB M
AR
17. SUB
M
AR
ANR Pipeline
Company
Arkabutla Creek @ M.P. 5670+56
Panola County - Como, MS
Submar Drawing No. AB1138
Before Installation
During Installation
After Installation 3 Months After Installation
1½ Years After Installation
18. SUB M
AR
North of Lambert Road
@ MP 474.5
Fayette County
Somerville, Tennessee
Submar Drawing No. SB1558
20. SUB M
AR
Gas Pipelines - Transco
Cedar Creek @ M.P. 777.33
Clarke County, MS
SB1025
Before installation During Installation After InstallationAfter Construction
6 Years After Installation
21. SUB
M
AR
Before Installation Recoating the Pipeline
During Installation
After Installation
Senatobia Creek @ M.P. 345.36
Tate County, Senatobia, Mississippi
Submar Drawing No. AB1089
2 Years After Installation
22.
23. This site was matted bank to bank.
Wetland vegetation has completely
Covered the mats with no planting of
Wetland plants. Natural revegetation.
25. Highway
Bridge
Beaver Dam
or log jam
Pipeline
Pipeline
Grade Control
Grade control can be naturally occurring or manmade. Natural grade control could be a beaver dam, accumulated alluvial
material, woody debris jams, or naturally hard to erode bed material. Examples of manmade grade control are highway
bridges, drop structures, dams, or pipelines. These hardened structures resist bed degradation and headcutting. Bed
degradation and headcutting cause streams to deepen and widen. Erosion is the number one cause of pollution in the U. S.,
according to EPA. Grade control plays an important role in stabilizing stream bed and banks, and preventing erosion.
Creekbed
Trees are an important part of the riparian corridor.
The riparian corridor is the vegetated area along
a stream. Trees stabilize the banks, provide shade
for fish, and create wildlife habitat.
26. Grade Control
Highway
Bridge
Beaver Dam
or log jam
Lowered Pipelines
Creekbed
Loss of grade control can be devastating to a stream. Lowering pipelines is potentially removing grade control from the
stream. Removal of natural grade control such as beaver dams, or manmade structures can cause the streambed to degrade
due to headcutting. Headcutting migrates upstream toward the source of water. As creek bed and banks degrade, trees
become woody debris in the stream and the riparian corridor is damaged. Many riparian corridors are narrow due to land
development. The loss of trees on the streambank means loss of habitat and an important part of streambank stability.
Grade control plays an important role in stabilizing stream bed and banks, and preventing erosion.
Bed degradation will cause deepening and widening of
a stream. An indicator of this is mature trees leaning
into the stream or trees and woody debris in the stream.
Loss of stable vegetation on streambanks will accelerate
the erosion process.
27. Notice how the mats articulate down with the deepening
streambed. This migrating headcut erosion has now been
arrested by the hard armor mattress. In comparison, riprap would
continually launch downstream and require future maintenance.
28. 6” Manitowoc Pipeline
Creek Crossing @ Milepost 1.1
Manitowoc, Wisconsin
flow
flow
Several attempts to
stabilize with Rip Rap
Difficult access made easy
Designed Energy
Dissipation Pool
1 on 1 Bank Slope
SUB
M
AR
11 Months Later
Revegetation through open area of mats
2.5 Years Later
ANR Pipeline
Company
29. West Little Sugar Creek
Edgar Co., Elbridge, IL
SUB M
AR
Before Installation
During Installation
After Installation
3 Months After InstallationLooking Upstream
Looking Downstream
30. Riprap is stable on banks but the rock
in the creekbed washed downstream
West Little Sugar Creek
Edgar Co., Elbridge, IL
SUB M
AR
Rock accumulates downstream of exposed pipeline
and causes bank erosion by diverting flow