Nutrition in TBI
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A Summary of our 2nd Head Injury Support Group Session on 9 June 2018 at Tan Tock Seng Hospital by Nutritionist
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This document discusses nutrition fundamentals and medical nutrition therapy. It covers identifying nutrition problems, client rights, reviewing medical records, observing mealtimes, documenting nutrition care, considering drug-nutrient interactions, and implementing client rights regulations. The objectives are to classify relevant nutrition information, verify accuracy, review follow-up documentation, and honor client rights during nutritional care.
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This document discusses various indicators that can be used to assess health and identify healthcare needs in a society. It outlines mortality indicators like infant mortality rate and disease-specific mortality rates. Morbidity indicators measure the incidence and prevalence of diseases through epidemiological studies and hospital admission data. Other indicators mentioned include disability rates, health care services availability, sanitation levels, socioeconomic factors that impact health, and quality of life measures. The document provides an overview of different types of indicators that can help evaluate health status and frame better health policies.
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This study examined how adverse childhood experiences (ACES) and current life stressors during pregnancy affect maternal health. 45 pregnant women were assessed for ACES, current stressors, and health conditions. ACES were significantly correlated with current health conditions, while current stressors were not. Even after accounting for current stressors, ACES had a trend-level relationship with poorer maternal health. The findings suggest childhood trauma continues to impact maternal health in pregnancy, demonstrating the importance of addressing ACES for pregnant women's well-being.
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- The average age of mothers/caregivers was 27 years. 22.4% of children had diarrhea, with 81% of those cases treated.
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- Only 1 case of diarrhea was treated using both zinc and ORS. 25% of treated children received ORS.
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This study applied the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to design interventions aimed at increasing breakfast consumption. Two interventions successfully modified attitudes and perceived behavioral control but did not significantly change behavior. The TPB variables of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control predicted intentions to eat breakfast, though only perceived behavioral control predicted actual behavior. Larger changes to TPB variables may be needed to impact behavior. Future interventions should consider relationships between time, food preferences, and message framing to more effectively promote breakfast eating.
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This document outlines Session 5 of a training manual on nutrition and HIV/AIDS. The session discusses the relationship between nutrition and HIV infection, important symptoms and their nutritional implications, and dietary management strategies. Good nutrition is important at all stages of HIV/AIDS as it strengthens the immune system and reduces vulnerability to opportunistic infections. The session provides guidelines on managing common symptoms like diarrhea, nausea and fever through dietary modifications and maintaining adequate fluid and nutrient intake.
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The document discusses important changes to nutrition labels that will take effect in 2019. The new labels will help consumers limit added sugars and find foods with more vitamins D and potassium. It emphasizes the importance of checking the serving size and servings per container, as many packages contain multiple servings. The percent daily value listings provide a quick guide to a food's nutrient content, with 5% or less being low and 20% or more being high.
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SMS to improve infant feeding in Shanghai. Dr Mu Li, School of Public Health. Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney
1) This study tested the feasibility and effectiveness of using SMS to promote breastfeeding in Shanghai, China, where breastfeeding rates are very low.
2) They found that delivering health messages by SMS was well accepted by new mothers and significantly increased the median duration of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months compared to the control group.
3) The results suggest that SMS could be an effective and sustainable way to promote healthy infant feeding practices and help prevent childhood obesity in settings undergoing nutrition transitions.Chapter 12 - Nutrition through the Life Span: Later Adulthood
The document discusses nutrition for older adults, covering several topics:
- Life expectancy has increased in the US, with most Americans now living past age 65.
- Nutrition plays an important role in longevity by supporting health and preventing disease. Healthy behaviors like regular exercise and a balanced diet can slow the aging process.
- Common health issues in late adulthood like arthritis, age-related brain changes, and Alzheimer's may be influenced by nutrition.
- While energy and nutrient needs decline with age, older adults still require adequate protein, vitamins, minerals, and water to support health. Supplements can help meet needs compromised by certain diseases or medications.
- Food choices are influenced by preferences, living situation,
WHY SBEBA MATERNITY CARE IS IMPORTANT ?
This document discusses the importance of Science Based Evidences Based Ayurveda (SBEBA) maternity care. SBEBA employs the best available scientific evidence to guide decisions for optimal maternal and neonatal outcomes. It highlights myths in conventional Ayurvedic practices and the need for an evidence-based approach. Barriers to evidence-based care include traditional beliefs, impaired education, and a lack of quality assessment. SBEBA recommendations reflect the need to increase public awareness of evidence-based Ayurvedic maternity practices and guidelines to improve access to science-based care for all mothers.
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The document summarizes the experiences and observations of a student during a reflection at the Mountain Lakes Access Health program. It describes observations of daily procedures like patient file reviews and interactions. It notes that many patients' primary needs were access to healthcare services and assistance. Case workers helped patients navigate enrollment and connect to programs. File reviews showed the program was effective in improving patients' health management over time. The reflection also involves a motivational interview and follow-ups with patients. Data from the First Steps program was entered, assessing over 1,000 parents and children on various health, economic, and social factors. The experience helped the student better understand enrollment processes and issues in healthcare.
Healthy nutrition, healthy children (1)
Childhood obesity is affecting 1 in 6 children in the US and increases health risks like diabetes and heart disease. Schools are well positioned to help reverse this trend through promoting healthy nutrition habits among students. A school food policy committee aims to develop guidelines to make healthy food choices easy for students and families, which can lead to benefits like increased energy, less absenteeism, and improved readiness to learn for healthier students. The document requests contact with the chairperson for those interested in joining the committee.
Kate Milner, Women Deliver 29 May 2013
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Dr Kate Milner
Centre for International Child Health, Department of Paediatrics
University of Melbourne
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This document discusses the relationship between nutrition and HIV/AIDS, the goals and strategies for proper nutrition for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), their specific nutrient requirements, and how to manage AIDS-related symptoms and medication interactions through diet. The key points are:
1) Proper nutrition is important for PLWHA to maintain a strong immune system and delay the progression of HIV to AIDS. Their diets need to provide adequate energy, protein, fat, vitamins and minerals.
2) Nutrient requirements vary depending on disease stage but aim to prevent weight loss, malnutrition and related complications. Small, frequent meals and nutrient-dense snacks can help meet higher calorie and protein needs.
3) Diet
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This document discusses the relationship between HIV/AIDS and nutrition. It notes that HIV contributes to and is affected by nutritional status, and that malnutrition increases the severity of HIV/AIDS. Poor nutrition can accelerate the progression of the disease and reduce the effectiveness of medications. The document recommends that people with HIV/AIDS consume a diet that is higher in calories, protein, and micronutrients in order to support the immune system and increase quality of life. Regular nutritional assessments and customized diets are important for managing the disease.
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This document discusses diet counselling and the effect of diet on oral health. It provides an overview of different types of diets, the importance of a balanced diet, and diet counselling techniques. Key points covered include types of diets like vegetarian, belief-based, and medical diets. The summary also discusses diet counselling steps like gathering information, evaluating diet adequacy, developing an action plan, and follow ups. Lastly, it covers how diet impacts dental caries and periodontal disease through local and systemic mechanisms and mentions artificial sugar substitutes like sorbital and xylitol.
diet counselling
This document discusses diet counselling and provides guidelines for diet interviews and counselling. It covers the following key points:
- The importance of a balanced diet for health and the goals of pediatric nutrition to support growth and development.
- Diet counselling aims to help individuals and families establish healthy long-term eating habits through a step-by-step approach.
- Conducting a diet interview can provide diagnostic information, help adapt recommendations to a person's lifestyle, and contribute to research. The dental professional should elicit information on food and dietary intake and habits.
- Calculating a dental health diet score evaluates food group intake, essential nutrient sources, and sugar consumption to determine counseling needs. Effective communication techniques are
Emerging Best Practices for Menu Labelling in Ontario
This document discusses emerging best practices for menu labelling in Ontario. It provides background on menu labelling, highlighting why it is important given high eating out frequencies and excess calories and sodium in restaurant foods. The nutritional profile of an average Canadian sit-down restaurant meal is presented, showing it provides over half the daily calories and 150% of the daily sodium needs. Various health organizations are calling for regulatory action on menu labelling. The document outlines Ontario's progress on menu labelling legislation and key elements of an effective program, such as a consistent approach across foodservice chains and prominently displayed calorie and sodium information.
NHHC chapter 14 ppt
The document discusses nutrition interventions and food-drug interactions. It describes different approaches to nutrition care like food/nutrient delivery, nutrition education, and counseling. It also outlines how to incorporate nutrition care into nursing care plans. The document also discusses dietary modifications like modified diets to address different medical needs and ensuring proper energy intake. Finally, it examines potential interactions between drugs and nutrients that can impact absorption, metabolism, and excretion.
Evaluation of Nutrition Improvements through Cash & Health Education Program ...
Evaluation of Nutrition Improvements through Cash & Health Education Program ...The Transfer Project
John Gachigi's (Government of Kenya) presentation at the Transfer Project Workshop in Arusha, Tanzania on 3rd April 2019.Therapeutic Nutrition In the Oncology Population
The document discusses the importance of nutrition for cancer patients and provides guidance for nutrition interventions. Key points include:
1) Nutrition screening and assessments are important to identify patients at risk of malnutrition and help guide appropriate nutrition support and interventions.
2) Symptoms from cancer and its treatments like chemotherapy and radiation can profoundly impact dietary intake, leading to malnutrition if not properly managed.
3) Nutrition interventions like seeing a dietitian have been shown to help patients do better and improve outcomes. This may include enteral nutrition for patients unable to meet their nutritional needs.
New strategies in management of obesity
New strategies are needed to manage the increasing rates of childhood obesity worldwide. Prevention through healthy lifestyle changes is the primary approach. Treatment involves dietary changes like increasing fiber intake, exercise, behavioral therapy, and in severe cases, medications or surgery. Successful management requires substantial changes to physical activity and eating habits through family-based treatment programs. While challenging, a multidisciplinary team approach addressing the medical, nutritional and psychological aspects can help obese children achieve weight control goals and prevent obesity-related complications.
The pharmacists role in drug induced nutrient depletion n. jones
This document discusses the role of pharmacists in addressing drug-induced nutrient depletions. It provides background on how certain medications can affect nutrient levels in the body by interfering with metabolic pathways. Specific examples are given of how statin drugs may deplete coenzyme Q10 and how acid-reducing medications can impact vitamin and mineral absorption. The document advocates for pharmacists to play a greater role in counseling patients on nutritional supplementation to remedy nutrient deficiencies caused by their medications.
Infant and paediatric nutrition update 2014
This document discusses neonatal and infant nutrition. It covers:
1. The importance of fetal and breastfeeding nutrition for short and long-term health outcomes. Breastfeeding provides optimal nutrition as well as protection from diseases for both infant and mother.
2. Guidelines for assessing adequate breastfeeding including weight gain patterns, number of wet diapers, stool frequency and appearance. Supplements like vitamin K may be needed for breastfed infants.
3. Risks of intrauterine growth restriction including hypoglycemia, necrotizing enterocolitis and problems of prematurity. Guidelines are provided for feeding preterm or growth restricted infants to minimize risks like NEC.
Unit two
1. Maternal nutrition is critical for reducing maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. Proper nutrition is needed to support the growth of the fetus and meet increased nutrient demands during pregnancy.
2. Certain groups are at higher risk of nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy, including adolescents, underweight or obese women, and those with low socioeconomic status.
3. Regular nutritional assessments are recommended during pregnancy to identify nutritional risks and form individualized care plans. Assessments evaluate medical history, diet history, weight gain, and lab tests. This helps ensure maternal and infant health.
Similar to Nutrition in TBI (20)
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Nutrition in TBI
- 1. Acute Phase • Hyper-catabolic state (i.e. increased nutritional requirements) • Different feeding routes – tube feeding vs modified consistency diet • Goal - adequate nutrition to support and prevent malnutrition Rehabilitation Phase • Recovery and transition from non-oral to oral feeding • Rehabilitation for diet consistency upgrade • Goal - adequate nutrition to support and prevent malnutrition • Healthy eating principle Post TBI • Healthy eating principle Journey of TBI
- 2. Shared by: Dietitian Chng Pey Ling Tan Tock Seng Hospital Nutrition in TBI
- 4. Balanced Diet Source: Health Promotion Board
- 5. When to seek dietitian advice • Simple nutritional screening can be done at home before referring to dietitian for a full assessment and intervention • Weight as indicator – risk of malnutrition • Weight loss >5% in 1 month (significant weight loss) • Weight loss >5% in 3-6 months • Weight loss >10% in 6 months (significant weight loss) • Flag out to doctor for dietitian referral if necessary
- 7. Where to find more information • Health Promotion Board (HPB) website • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke website • Hospital website • Tan Tock Seng Hospital - https://www.ttsh.com.sg/ Patient Guide Department and Centers Nutrition and Dietetics (under AHPs)
Editor's Notes
- Acute Phase Hypercatabolic state and may persist for 4-6 weeks or be sustained to Rehabilitation Phase The importance of immediate nutrition care will decrease the change of rapid loss of nutritional stores, in particular protein, resulting in lean muscle loss and suppressed immune function Most people with brain injury are well nourished before the injury, however if nutritional intervention is not put in place immediately, they are susceptible to develop nutritional deficiencies such as rapid loss of nutritional stores, in particular protein, resulting in lean muscle loss and suppressed immune function Maintenance of adequate nutritional intake has been shown to have a significant impact on survival rate after TBI as well as to prevent Malnutrition Therefore, early nutritional support is initiated within 24-48hours of admission (if no contraindications) and a Dietitian will assist assess and provide feeding plan to make sure adequate nutrition Rehabilitation Phase - Planning a balanced diet is important to allow adequate nutrition for the recovery in a person with TBI - Malnutrition is correlated with an increase in medical complications, length of hospital stay and poorer functional outcome - Muscle weakness - Fatigue - A wellnourished individual will be able to weather the initial stress of injuries and recover better compared to a person who is malnourished When the person recovers well, healthy eating principle is to continue to make sure balanced diet to maintain general health Oral Nutritional Supplement is often used to help in optimizing nutrition during Acute Phase and Rehabilitation Phase It is nutritionally complete – the sole nutrition when on tube feeding An additional drink when on oral feeding to optimize nutrition