Norton's theorem states that any linear circuit, no matter how complex, can be simplified into an equivalent circuit with a single current source in parallel with a resistance connected to a load. The theorem involves identifying the load resistor, determining the short-circuit current and equivalent resistance, and drawing the Norton equivalent circuit. It can be used to simplify complex circuits, design and analyze electronic circuits, and troubleshoot electrical networks, but is limited to linear DC circuits.

1. Norton’s Theorem
Mrs.M.Vaishnavi KIT-CBE

2. Norton’s Theorem
Norton's Theorem states that it is possible to simplify any linear circuit,
no matter how complex, to an equivalent circuit with just a single
current source and parallel resistance connected to a load.

3. Diagram

4. Steps to Apply Norton's Theorem
● Step 1: Identify the load resistor
● Step 2: Remove the load resistor and open the terminals
● Step 3: Determine the short-circuit current (I_sc)
● Step 4: Determine the equivalent resistance (R_th)
● Step 5: Draw the Norton equivalent circuit
● Step 6: Reconnect the load resistor

5. Advantages and Limitations
● Norton's theorem is only applicable to linear circuits that have a
constant resistance.
● Non-linear circuits or circuits with varying resistance cannot be
simplified using Norton's theorem.
● Limited to DC circuits: Norton's theorem is limited to DC circuits,
which means it ca

6. Applications
● Simplifying complex circuits
● Designing and analyzing electronic circuits
● Troubleshooting electrical networks