Corrosion inhibition of mild steel by TPPMB in HCl solution (Khayat)[1]Ibrahim Abdel-Rahman
This document summarizes a study on using P,P0-Bis (triphenylphosphonio) methyl benzophenone dibromide (TPPMB) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1M hydrochloric acid solution. Weight loss experiments were conducted on steel samples in 1M HCl with and without various concentrations of TPPMB at temperatures ranging from 303K to 343K. TPPMB was found to be a highly effective inhibitor, providing up to 98% inhibition at 303K with a 2×10-5M concentration. Higher temperatures decreased the inhibition effectiveness as adsorption of the inhibitor on the steel surface decreased with increasing temperature. The study demonstrates the potential of TPPMB as a corrosion inhibitor for
This document summarizes a study on the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid using an aqueous extract of Neem leaves grown in the United Arab Emirates. Electrochemical and weight loss experiments were conducted to evaluate the inhibition effectiveness of the Neem extract at temperatures ranging from 303 to 343 K. The results showed that the Neem extract was an effective corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in HCl solution, with inhibition effectiveness increasing with higher extract concentrations and decreasing with higher temperatures. The inhibition was attributed to compounds in the Neem leaves such as tannins and triterpene glycosides that can adsorb onto the steel surface.
This document describes an experimental study evaluating the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1M hydrochloric acid using a pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine derivative inhibitor (P1). Weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to characterize the inhibition behavior. Results showed that P1 acts as a mixed inhibitor, reducing both the anodic dissolution and cathodic hydrogen reduction rates. Inhibition efficiency increased with increasing P1 concentration, reaching a maximum of 93% at 10-3M. Quantum chemical calculations were also performed to understand the inhibition mechanism.
Corrosion inhibition of mild steel by P,P'-Bis (triphenylphosphonio) methyl b...Ibrahim Abdel-Rahman
This document summarizes a study on using P,P0-Bis (triphenylphosphonio) methyl benzophenone dibromide (TPPMB) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1M hydrochloric acid solution. Weight loss experiments were conducted on steel samples in 1M HCl with and without various concentrations of TPPMB at temperatures ranging from 303K to 343K. TPPMB was found to be a highly effective inhibitor, providing up to 98% inhibition at 303K with a concentration of 2 × 10-5M TPPMB. The inhibition effectiveness decreased with increasing temperature, indicating that physical adsorption of the inhibitor on the steel surface was the main inhibition mechanism. This corrosion inhibitor could potentially
The document describes the design and fabrication of a cutter mechanism and assembly for a wire masonry ladder machine. Key objectives were to design a cutter capable of shearing 6 or 9 gauge wire with minimal adjustment, use in-house supplies, and install the assembly in alignment with existing components. A manual mill, MIG welder, torch, saw, and drill press were available tools. Challenges included a budget under $300 and management requests adding complexity. The Bridgeport mill was rebuilt and aligned for critical components. The cutter mechanism holds wire against a carbide tip to cut 10-foot ladder sections, which are then spot welded.
Corrosion inhibition of mild steel by TPPMB in HCl solution (Khayat)[1]Ibrahim Abdel-Rahman
This document summarizes a study on using P,P0-Bis (triphenylphosphonio) methyl benzophenone dibromide (TPPMB) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1M hydrochloric acid solution. Weight loss experiments were conducted on steel samples in 1M HCl with and without various concentrations of TPPMB at temperatures ranging from 303K to 343K. TPPMB was found to be a highly effective inhibitor, providing up to 98% inhibition at 303K with a 2×10-5M concentration. Higher temperatures decreased the inhibition effectiveness as adsorption of the inhibitor on the steel surface decreased with increasing temperature. The study demonstrates the potential of TPPMB as a corrosion inhibitor for
This document summarizes a study on the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid using an aqueous extract of Neem leaves grown in the United Arab Emirates. Electrochemical and weight loss experiments were conducted to evaluate the inhibition effectiveness of the Neem extract at temperatures ranging from 303 to 343 K. The results showed that the Neem extract was an effective corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in HCl solution, with inhibition effectiveness increasing with higher extract concentrations and decreasing with higher temperatures. The inhibition was attributed to compounds in the Neem leaves such as tannins and triterpene glycosides that can adsorb onto the steel surface.
This document describes an experimental study evaluating the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1M hydrochloric acid using a pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine derivative inhibitor (P1). Weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to characterize the inhibition behavior. Results showed that P1 acts as a mixed inhibitor, reducing both the anodic dissolution and cathodic hydrogen reduction rates. Inhibition efficiency increased with increasing P1 concentration, reaching a maximum of 93% at 10-3M. Quantum chemical calculations were also performed to understand the inhibition mechanism.
Corrosion inhibition of mild steel by P,P'-Bis (triphenylphosphonio) methyl b...Ibrahim Abdel-Rahman
This document summarizes a study on using P,P0-Bis (triphenylphosphonio) methyl benzophenone dibromide (TPPMB) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1M hydrochloric acid solution. Weight loss experiments were conducted on steel samples in 1M HCl with and without various concentrations of TPPMB at temperatures ranging from 303K to 343K. TPPMB was found to be a highly effective inhibitor, providing up to 98% inhibition at 303K with a concentration of 2 × 10-5M TPPMB. The inhibition effectiveness decreased with increasing temperature, indicating that physical adsorption of the inhibitor on the steel surface was the main inhibition mechanism. This corrosion inhibitor could potentially
The document describes the design and fabrication of a cutter mechanism and assembly for a wire masonry ladder machine. Key objectives were to design a cutter capable of shearing 6 or 9 gauge wire with minimal adjustment, use in-house supplies, and install the assembly in alignment with existing components. A manual mill, MIG welder, torch, saw, and drill press were available tools. Challenges included a budget under $300 and management requests adding complexity. The Bridgeport mill was rebuilt and aligned for critical components. The cutter mechanism holds wire against a carbide tip to cut 10-foot ladder sections, which are then spot welded.
This document provides an overview of REST APIs and how to build and consume them from Salesforce. It describes REST as a stateless, code-on-demand architectural style using open endpoints for unauthenticated requests and authorized endpoints for authenticated requests. It also covers creating and exposing REST services from Apex, and calling REST services by generating OAuth access tokens and making authenticated HTTP requests.
This document discusses an experimental and theoretical study on the anti-corrosive properties of two benzothiazine derivatives, P1 and P2, on mild steel corrosion in 1M HCl solution. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Tafel polarization curves, and weight loss measurements were used to study the inhibition efficiency of P1 and P2 at various concentrations. Both inhibitors showed increased inhibition efficiency with increasing concentration, with P1 and P2 achieving 93% and 96% efficiency, respectively, at 10-3M and 308K. Quantum chemical calculations using density functional theory were also performed to correlate inhibition efficiency with the molecular structure and properties of the inhibitors.
The document summarizes a study that evaluated (4Z)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(4-methylpyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazol-2(1H)-ylidene)-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one (P1) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl solution using various experimental techniques and quantum chemical calculations. The inhibition efficiency of P1 was found to increase with increasing concentration and was well described by the Langmuir adsorption model. Polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and weight loss measurements showed that P1 acts as an effective corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl
The document summarizes a research article that studied the essential oil of Thymus Capitatus from North-East Morocco as a natural corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified the major components of the essential oil. Electrochemical tests including polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and weight loss measurements found that the essential oil inhibited the corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid. Inhibition efficiency increased with increasing concentration of the essential oil and decreased with increasing temperature. The essential oil forms a protective film on the steel surface to inhibit corrosion.
The document discusses using essential oils extracted from Nigella Sativa and Elettaria Cardamomum seeds as environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors for brass in 1M hydrochloric acid. Electrochemical measurements including polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to analyze the corrosion inhibition. The results showed that both oils were able to significantly reduce the corrosion current density and increase the charge transfer resistance, providing inhibition efficiencies of 72.5-80%. The oils acted as mixed-type inhibitors and were proposed to form a protective film on the brass surface.
The document provides details about a CNC machining job to prepare cast aluminum panels for the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture from December 2014 to February 2015. It describes objectives of preparing panels by removing excess material, optimizing production, and meeting a tight deadline. Challenges included a backlog of panels, bottlenecks from casting issues, and inexperienced labor. Photos document the casting, preparation, CNC machining, inspection, and completion of the project.
The Genetic Background of Chemical Communication and Chemosensory Gene Evolut...Katri Ketola
The genetic background of chemical communication and chemosensory gene evolution in ants. Master's thesis project.
Darwinian selection can be measured and investigated from gene sequences. A certain gene form favored by positive selection will become more common in the population. Detecting strong positive selection is rare, but it has been found to affect genes involved in immune defense and perception of odorants. Genes under positive selection have a possible role in speciation or adaptation. This is why chemical communication, being based on the sense of smell, is an interesting topic for measuring natural selection and positive selection in particular. Social insects, such as ants, are model organisms for chemical communication. They use chemical communication not only for finding nutrition and detecting intruders, but also in coordinating the activities of several thousands of colony members.
The document summarizes the evolution of internal auditing from the 1980s to present day and envisions its future. It describes how internal auditing transitioned from a passive, control-focused role examining financial records to an active, strategic advisory function ensuring proper controls, compliance, and fraud prevention in increasingly complex modern businesses. The document also notes how internal auditors have become trusted advisors with a holistic view of operations, and how the profession has attracted people from diverse backgrounds. Looking ahead, it envisions internal auditing helping balance economic growth with environmental sustainability and social responsibility.
Effect of Temperature- Stilbazole-380329-Published Paper-2012Ibrahim Abdel-Rahman
The document examines the effect of temperature on the corrosion inhibition of trans-4-hydroxy-4-stilbazole on mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Weight loss experiments were conducted at temperatures ranging from 303 to 343 K and inhibitor concentrations from 1×10−7 M to 1×10−3 M. The results showed that percentage inhibition increased with increasing inhibitor concentration, reaching 94% at 1 × 10−3 M and 303 K. Percentage inhibition decreased with increasing temperature. Thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of the inhibitor on the metal surface were calculated using the Temkin adsorption isotherm. Trans-4-hydroxy-4-stilbazole was found to be a potential corrosion inhibitor due
101 que aprendi en la escuela de arquitectura Camila yaryura(1)Rafael Yaryura
Este documento presenta varios conceptos fundamentales de la arquitectura. Explica que la teoría figura-fondo sostiene que los espacios vacíos son tan importantes como las figuras. También introduce la teoría sólido-vacío, donde los espacios implícitos creados por objetos sólidos son significativos. Además, destaca que la arquitectura comienza con una idea central o "parti" que guía el diseño de un edificio.
The document summarizes a research article that studied the ability of essential oil from Thymus Capitatus to inhibit corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution. The essential oil was extracted from Thymus Capitatus plants found in Morocco. Gas chromatography analysis identified the major components of the essential oil. Electrochemical tests including polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the essential oil reduced the corrosion current density and increased the charge transfer resistance, indicating it acts as an effective corrosion inhibitor by forming a protective film on the steel surface.
The document describes a study on the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1M HCl solution using a synthesized inhibitor called (anthraquinone-2-ylmethyl) triphenyl phosphonium bromide (ATPB). Electrochemical measurements and weight loss experiments were conducted to analyze the inhibitor's effect at temperatures from 303 to 343 K and inhibitor concentrations from 1×10–7M to 2×10–5M. The results showed that ATPB was an excellent corrosion inhibitor, reducing corrosion rates by up to 99.03% at room temperature and 2×10–5M concentration. Adsorption of the inhibitor on the metal surface was found to follow the Temkin adsorption isotherm. The inhibitor was
This document provides an overview of REST APIs and how to build and consume them from Salesforce. It describes REST as a stateless, code-on-demand architectural style using open endpoints for unauthenticated requests and authorized endpoints for authenticated requests. It also covers creating and exposing REST services from Apex, and calling REST services by generating OAuth access tokens and making authenticated HTTP requests.
This document discusses an experimental and theoretical study on the anti-corrosive properties of two benzothiazine derivatives, P1 and P2, on mild steel corrosion in 1M HCl solution. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Tafel polarization curves, and weight loss measurements were used to study the inhibition efficiency of P1 and P2 at various concentrations. Both inhibitors showed increased inhibition efficiency with increasing concentration, with P1 and P2 achieving 93% and 96% efficiency, respectively, at 10-3M and 308K. Quantum chemical calculations using density functional theory were also performed to correlate inhibition efficiency with the molecular structure and properties of the inhibitors.
The document summarizes a study that evaluated (4Z)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(4-methylpyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazol-2(1H)-ylidene)-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one (P1) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl solution using various experimental techniques and quantum chemical calculations. The inhibition efficiency of P1 was found to increase with increasing concentration and was well described by the Langmuir adsorption model. Polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and weight loss measurements showed that P1 acts as an effective corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl
The document summarizes a research article that studied the essential oil of Thymus Capitatus from North-East Morocco as a natural corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified the major components of the essential oil. Electrochemical tests including polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and weight loss measurements found that the essential oil inhibited the corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid. Inhibition efficiency increased with increasing concentration of the essential oil and decreased with increasing temperature. The essential oil forms a protective film on the steel surface to inhibit corrosion.
The document discusses using essential oils extracted from Nigella Sativa and Elettaria Cardamomum seeds as environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors for brass in 1M hydrochloric acid. Electrochemical measurements including polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to analyze the corrosion inhibition. The results showed that both oils were able to significantly reduce the corrosion current density and increase the charge transfer resistance, providing inhibition efficiencies of 72.5-80%. The oils acted as mixed-type inhibitors and were proposed to form a protective film on the brass surface.
The document provides details about a CNC machining job to prepare cast aluminum panels for the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture from December 2014 to February 2015. It describes objectives of preparing panels by removing excess material, optimizing production, and meeting a tight deadline. Challenges included a backlog of panels, bottlenecks from casting issues, and inexperienced labor. Photos document the casting, preparation, CNC machining, inspection, and completion of the project.
The Genetic Background of Chemical Communication and Chemosensory Gene Evolut...Katri Ketola
The genetic background of chemical communication and chemosensory gene evolution in ants. Master's thesis project.
Darwinian selection can be measured and investigated from gene sequences. A certain gene form favored by positive selection will become more common in the population. Detecting strong positive selection is rare, but it has been found to affect genes involved in immune defense and perception of odorants. Genes under positive selection have a possible role in speciation or adaptation. This is why chemical communication, being based on the sense of smell, is an interesting topic for measuring natural selection and positive selection in particular. Social insects, such as ants, are model organisms for chemical communication. They use chemical communication not only for finding nutrition and detecting intruders, but also in coordinating the activities of several thousands of colony members.
The document summarizes the evolution of internal auditing from the 1980s to present day and envisions its future. It describes how internal auditing transitioned from a passive, control-focused role examining financial records to an active, strategic advisory function ensuring proper controls, compliance, and fraud prevention in increasingly complex modern businesses. The document also notes how internal auditors have become trusted advisors with a holistic view of operations, and how the profession has attracted people from diverse backgrounds. Looking ahead, it envisions internal auditing helping balance economic growth with environmental sustainability and social responsibility.
Effect of Temperature- Stilbazole-380329-Published Paper-2012Ibrahim Abdel-Rahman
The document examines the effect of temperature on the corrosion inhibition of trans-4-hydroxy-4-stilbazole on mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Weight loss experiments were conducted at temperatures ranging from 303 to 343 K and inhibitor concentrations from 1×10−7 M to 1×10−3 M. The results showed that percentage inhibition increased with increasing inhibitor concentration, reaching 94% at 1 × 10−3 M and 303 K. Percentage inhibition decreased with increasing temperature. Thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of the inhibitor on the metal surface were calculated using the Temkin adsorption isotherm. Trans-4-hydroxy-4-stilbazole was found to be a potential corrosion inhibitor due
101 que aprendi en la escuela de arquitectura Camila yaryura(1)Rafael Yaryura
Este documento presenta varios conceptos fundamentales de la arquitectura. Explica que la teoría figura-fondo sostiene que los espacios vacíos son tan importantes como las figuras. También introduce la teoría sólido-vacío, donde los espacios implícitos creados por objetos sólidos son significativos. Además, destaca que la arquitectura comienza con una idea central o "parti" que guía el diseño de un edificio.
The document summarizes a research article that studied the ability of essential oil from Thymus Capitatus to inhibit corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution. The essential oil was extracted from Thymus Capitatus plants found in Morocco. Gas chromatography analysis identified the major components of the essential oil. Electrochemical tests including polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the essential oil reduced the corrosion current density and increased the charge transfer resistance, indicating it acts as an effective corrosion inhibitor by forming a protective film on the steel surface.
The document describes a study on the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1M HCl solution using a synthesized inhibitor called (anthraquinone-2-ylmethyl) triphenyl phosphonium bromide (ATPB). Electrochemical measurements and weight loss experiments were conducted to analyze the inhibitor's effect at temperatures from 303 to 343 K and inhibitor concentrations from 1×10–7M to 2×10–5M. The results showed that ATPB was an excellent corrosion inhibitor, reducing corrosion rates by up to 99.03% at room temperature and 2×10–5M concentration. Adsorption of the inhibitor on the metal surface was found to follow the Temkin adsorption isotherm. The inhibitor was
2. 22 •
Več informACij nA
www.superge.si
CiTY TesT TeKAŠKiHCoPAT
Pomlad je čas za tek
in nove tekaške copate
2 Besedilo: CITY MAGAZINE
Tek je gotovo ena izmed športnih disciplin, s katerim se lahko prav vsi ukvarjamo
celo življenje. Tako kot pri vsakem športu, je pomembna prava izbira opreme,
kar pri teku predstavlja izbiro svojega para športnih copat. Z ekipo strokovnjakov
za tek iz podjetja Tomas Sport 2, d. o. o., smo vam pripravili test tekaških copat
za letošnjo pomlad.
16/04/12
Izbira modela – pronatorji
ali supinatorji
Tekaške modele delimo na dve osnovni skupini glede na način posta-
vljanja stopala ob dotiku s podlago, in sicer na modele za uravnavanje
pronacije (zvračanje stopala navznoter) in na modele za uravnavanje
supinacije (zvračanje stopala navzven). Obe skupini modelov sta pri-
merni tudi za vse, ki ne odstopajo veliko od običajnega načina (v na-
daljevanju ga bomo imenovali klasični način) postavljanja stopala.
Asfalt ali makadam ...
Poleg tega je razlika med modeli, ki so namenjeni urejenim podla-
gam (pri tem mislimo predvsem na ravno podlago ne glede na to, iz
česa je: asfalt, makadam ipd.) in neurejenim, torej neravnim podla-
gam. Bistvena razlika je v tem, da na urejenih podlagah lahko tečemo
tako, da je najprej pristanek stopala pod peto in so temu prilagojeni
oblika podplata ter predvsem blaženje in dodatki za stabilnost. Pri neu-
rejenih podlagah se prvi dotik stopala s podlago pomika proti prstom,
zato sta tako petni del (nima več vloge pri stabilnosti ali blaženju) kot
prednji del (potrebuje nekaj več blaženja in stabilnosti) drugačna. Tako
je tretja skupina modelov v predstavitvi namenjena takšnim podla-
gam. Veliko ljudi želi bolj univerzalne modele, torej za različne podlage
in načine teka, zato smo tudi v tej skupini opisali lastnosti modelov za
primer, ko jih uporabljamo na drugi podlagi od njihovega osnovnega
namena. Seveda je treba upoštevati, da ob pogostejši in dolgotraj-
nejši uporabi izbiramo modele iz skupine, v katero spadamo.
Test športnih copat
Vse modele smo stehtali v približno enakih velikostih. Cene so priporo-
čene cene dobaviteljev in se lahko med trgovinami razlikujejo. Za boljši
pregled so vsi modeli razporejeni še v tabelo, v kateri so označene nji-
hove osnovne lastnosti. Več znakov pri modelu pomeni, da je le-ta pri-
mernejši za določeni kriterij. Še več testov in informacij o športnih co-
patih pa najdemo na spletnistraniwww.superge.si/test-sportne-obutve.
CM22-23 PTS 4/10/12 9:53 AM Page 1
3. TEST TEKAŠKIH COPAT PRONACIJA• 23
4_ 5_
Brooks Adrenaline GTS 12
Model je namenjen vsem, tudi bolj izrazitim pronatorjem, ter tekačem
s klasičnim načinom teka, ki potrebujejo dodatno stabilnost in dobro
blaženje. Primeren je za različne podlage ter vse teže tekačev in te-
kačic, kar mu omogoča DNA-blaženje. Namenjen je predvsem za kla-
sičen način teka peta-prsti, pri čemer se tudi v popolnosti izkoristi pro-
nacijski dodatek pod peto in stopalnim lokom. •
Cena: 129,99 evra (moški, vel. 43, teža: 336 g,
ženski, vel. 39, teža: 288 g)
Adidas
Salvation 3
Model je namenjen za premočno
pronacijoinklasičennačinteka.Na-
menjen je načinu teka peta-prsti in
zaradi neizrazitega profila podplata
predvsem za urejene podlage. Po-
stavitev in izvedba blaženja pete
sta s tehnologijo gibljive pete (For-
motion) zelo stabilna in odlična za
vse, ki potrebujemo močno blaže-
nje in nekaj dodatne stabilnosti. Za
rekreativce tekače in malo težje te-
kače ali tekačice je model zelo pri-
meren tudi za daljše teke ali tek-
movanja po trdih podlagah. •
Cena: 159,99 evra (moški, vel.
43 1/3, teža: 360 g)
Saucony
Progrid
Guide 5
Model je namenjen vsem prona-
torjem in klasičnemu načinu teka,
torejzatiste,kipotrebujejododatno
stabilnost v srednji fazi koraka. Peta
jenevtralnoinzeloudobnoblažena.
Tu je vgrajeno blaženje ProGrid, ki
razprši obremenitev na celotno po-
vršino podplata in omogoči ena-
komeren prenos teže proti pred-
njemu delu. Namenjen je teku na
način peta-prsti, čeprav je v novi
izvedbi že bolje prilagojen načinu
teka na celo stopalo. •
Cena: 119,99 evra (moški, vel.
43, teža: 294 g)
Asics Gel Kayano 18
Vrhunski model, ki je med zmagovalci na vseh svetovnih testih. Na-
menjen je za manj izrazito pronacijo in klasični način teka, za vse, ki
potrebujejo odlično kombinacijo dobre stabilnosti in odličnega bla-
ženja. Odličen je prenos teže od pete proti prstom, ki je primeren tako
za hitre in lahke tekačice in tekače kot tudi za težje. Primeren je za ra-
zlične trde urejene podlage, čeprav se dobro obnese tudi na bolj neu-
rejenih terenih. Za večino tekačev in tekačic je primeren tudi za tek-
movanja na daljših razdaljah. •
Cena: 169,99 evra (moški, vel. 43,5, teža: 336 g,
ženski, vel. 39, teža: 278 g)
Asics GT-2170
Model je namenjen za prekomerno pronacijo in seveda za klasični na-
čin teka. V primerjavi z modelom Kayano je blaženja nekaj manj in sta-
bilnosti malenkost več. Dodatek za uravnavanje pronacije se začne
šele na sredini pete in v začetni fazi koraka ni tako zelo izrazit ter pride
v celoti do izraza v srednji fazi koraka, ko je večji del stopala v stiku s
podlago. Zelo dobro uravnava pronacijo tudi za težje tekače in tiste z
nekoliko večjo stopnjo pronacije. •
Cena: 129,99 evra (moški, vel. 43,5, teža: 336 g,
ženski, vel. 38,5, teža: 272 g)
Nike
Lunarswift+ 3
Močnoinenakomernonevtralnobla-
ženjezmanjšimdodatkomzastabil-
nost pod peto je primerno za klasi-
čni način teka in manjšo stopnjo
pronacije.Zaradiminimalnepodpore
zauravnavanjepronacijeinmočnega
blaženja bo z njim zadovoljna tudi
večina blažjih supinatorjev. Model
imaprecejuniverzalenpodplat,tako
dajeprimerenzavečinopodlag.Pri-
meren je za način teka peta-prsti in kot večina modelov iz linije Lunar tudi
za način teka na celo stopalo. V primerjavi s predhodnima modeloma ima
Lunarswift najmanj pronacijske opore. •
Cena: 99,99 evra (moški, vel. 43, teža: 300 g,
ženski, vel. 38,5, teža: 226 g)
Nike
Lunareclipse+
Namenjen je vsem manj izrazitim
pronatorjem in tistim s klasičnim
načinom teka. Ker je blaženje zelo
močno, bo tudi marsikdo z manj
izrazito supinacijo zadovoljen s tem
modelom. Primeren je tako za na-
čin teka peta-prsti, kot za način
teka na celo stopalo. Za večino re-
kreativcev je model zelo primeren
tudi za zelo hitre teke in tekmova-
nja na vseh razdaljah. Predvsem
na hitrih odsekih se pokažejo vse
prednosti odzivnega in enako-
mernega blaženja in odlična prož-
nost prednjega dela. Profil pod-
plata je srednje izrazit in ima dober
oprijem na vseh podlagah. •
Cena: 139,99 evra (moški, vel.
42,5, teža: 312 g; ženski, vel. 38,5,
teža: 264 g)
Nike
Lunarglide+2
Model je namenjen večini pronatorjev in seveda vsem tistim s klasi-
čnim načinom teka. Primernejši je za način teka peta-prsti, čeprav je
primeren tudi za način teka na celo stopalo. Narejen je praktično za
vse podlage. Najbolj je seveda primeren za bolj urejene. Model je teh-
nično podoben predhodnemu modelu Lunareclipse in ima prav tako
vgrajeno dinamično blaženje in blaženje Lunarlon v celotnem pod-
platu. Razlika je v moči uravnavanja pronacije, ki je v tem modelu
nekoliko večja. •
Cena: 124,99 evra (moški, vel. 43, teža: 312 g,
ženski, vel. 38,5, teža: 242 g)
CM22-23 PTS 4/10/12 9:54 AM Page 2
4. 16/04/12
24 • CITY TESTTEKAŠKIHCOPAT WWW.SUPERGE.SI/TEST-SPORTNE-OBUTVE
MOŠKI MODEL
ŽENSKI MODEL
Blagovna znamka Nike Nike Nike Asics
Model LUNARECLIPSE+ LUNARGLIDE+2 LUNARSWIFT+ 3 GEL KAYANO 18
CENA 139,99 evra 124,99 evra 99,99 evra 169,99 evra
Velikost/teža 42,5/312 g 43/312 g 43/300 g 43,5/336 g
Velikost/teža 38,5/264 g 38,5/242 g 38,5/226 g 39/278 g
Uravnavanje PRONACIJE ••• •••• •• ••••
Uravnavanje SUPINACIJE ••• ••• •• ••
Tek na način peta-prsti ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
Tek na celo stopalo ••••• ••• •••• ••••
Blaženje ••••• ••••• •••• •••••
Tek po urejenih podlagah (asfalt, makadam) ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
Tek po brezpotjih ••• •••• ••• ••••
Lažji tekači: M do 75 kg, Ž do 55 kg ••••• •••• •••• •••••
Srednje težki: M 75-90 kg , Ž 55-70 kg ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
Težki: M nad 90 kg, Ž nad 70 kg •••• ••••• •••• •••••
MOŠKI MODEL
ŽENSKI MODEL
Blagovna znamka Mizuno Mizuno Mizuno Asics
Model Wave Enigma Wave Ultima Wave Rider Gel Cumulus
CENA 174,99 evra 134,99 evra 144,99 evra 129,99 evra
Velikost/teža 43/365 g 43/354 g 43/330 g 43,5/340 g
Velikost/teža / 38,5/278 g 38,5/266 g 39/296 g
Uravnavanje PRONACIJE ••• ••• • •
Uravnavanje SUPINACIJE •••• ••••• ••• •••••
Tek na način peta-prsti ••••• ••••• •••• •••••
Tek na celo stopalo ••• •• •••• •••
Blaženje •••• ••••• ••• •••••
Tek po urejenih podlagah (asfalt, makadam) ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
Tek po brezpotjih •••• •••• ••• •••
Lažji tekači: M do 75 kg, Ž do 55 kg ••••• •••• ••••• ••••
Srednje težki: M 75-90 kg , Ž 55-70 kg ••••• ••••• •••• •••••
Težki: M nad 90 kg, Ž nad 70 kg ••••• ••••• ••• •••••
MOŠKI MODEL
ŽENSKI MODEL
Blagovna znamka Salomon Salomon Salomon Salomon Sa
Model Speedcross 3 XR Mission XR Crossmax Neutral XT WINGS XA
CENA 119,99 evra 119,99 evra 134,99 evra 139,99 evra 12
Velikost/teža 43 1/3/318 g 43 1/3/322g 43 1/3/364 g 43 1/3/358 g 43
Velikost/teža 38 2/3/278 g 38 2/3/380g 38 2/3/304 g 39 1/3/302 g 38
Tek na način peta-prsti ••• ••••• •••• ••••• ••
Tek na celo stopalo ••••• ••••• •••• ••• ••
Stabilnost ••• •••• •••• •••• ••
Blaženje ••• •••• •••• •••• ••
Tek po urejenih podlagah (asfalt, makadam) •• •••• •••• •••• ••
Uravnavanje PRONACIJE (na urejenih podlagah) / •• ••• •••• ••
Uravnavanje SUPINACIJE (na urejenih podlagah) ••• •••• •••• •• •
Tek po brezpotjih ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••
Lažji tekači: M do 75 kg, Ž do 55 kg ••••• ••••• ••••• ••• ••
Srednje težki: M 75-90 kg , Ž 55-70 kg ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••
Težki: M nad 90 kg, Ž nad 70 kg •••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••
MODELI ZA PRONATORJE IN KLASIČEN NAČIN TEKA
MODELI ZA SUPINATORJE IN IN KLASIČEN NAČIN TEKA
MODELI ZA TEK PO NEUREJENIH PODLAGAH IN BREZPOTJIH
CM24-25 PTS 4/10/12 10:12 AM Page 1
5. CITY TESTTEKAŠKIHCOPAT• 25
Asics GT Mizuno Brooks Saucony Saucony Adidas
GT-2170 WAVE INSPIRE 8 ADRENALINE GTS12 Progrid Mirage Progrid Guide 5 Astar Salvation 3
129,99 evra 139,99 evra 129,99 evra 124,99 evra 119,99 evra 159,99 evra
43,5/336 g 43/324 g 43/336 g 43/274 g 43/294 g 43 1/3/360 g
38,5/272 g 39/254 g 39/288 g 39/240 g / /
••••• ••••• ••••• ••• •••• •••••
• •• • ••• •• •••
••••• ••••• ••••• •••• ••••• •••••
••• ••• ••• ••••• ••• •••
••• ••• •••• ••••• •••• •••••
••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
•••• •••• •••• ••• ••• ••••
••••• •••• ••• ••••• ••• ••••
••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
•••• ••••• ••••• •••• ••••• •••••
Nike New Balance Brooks Saucony Saucony Adidas
Air Pegasus+ 28 M1080 Glycerin 9 Power Grid Cortana Triumph SNOVA GLIDE4
99,99 evra 129,99 evra 134,99 evra 139,99 evra 139,99 evra 124,99 evra
43/296 g 43/306 g 43/346 g 43/304 g 43/320 g 42 2/3/312 g
38,5/254 g / 39/296 g 39/250 g 39/276 g 38 2/3/256 g
/ •• • • • •
••••• •••• ••••• •••• ••••• •••••
••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
•••• •••• ••• ••••• •••• •••
••••• •••• ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
•••• •••• ••• ••• •••• ••••
••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••• •••••
••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
Salomon Adidas Adidas Brooks Mizuno Nike
XA PRO 3D ULTRA KANADIA 4 TR Response Trail 18 Cascadia 7 Wave Cabrakan Trail Pegasus+28
124,99 evra 79,99 evra 114,99 evra 129,99 evra 159,99 evra 109,99 evra
43 1/3/398 g 43 1/3/330 g 43 1/3/368 g 42,5/356 g 43/378 g 43/312 g
38 2/3/346 g 38 2/3/276 g 39 1/3/316 g 39/312 g / /
•• •• •••• ••• ••••• •••••
•••• ••••• •••• ••••• ••• ••
•••• ••• •••• •••• •••• ••
••• ••• •••• •••• ••• •••••
•• •• ••• ••• •••• ••••
••• •• •• •• •••• •
• ••• •••• •••• •• •••••
••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
•••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• •••••
CM24-25 PTS 4/10/12 10:14 AM Page 2
6. 26 • TEST TEKAŠKIH COPAT SUPINACIJA
16/04/12
4_ 5_
Brooks Glycerin 9
Zelo udobno in prilegajoče nevtralno blaženje je primerno za vse teže
tekačev z različno stopnjo supinacije in za klasični način teka. Prav
prilagodljivost blaženja različnim težam uporabnikov je najzanimivejša
posebnost, ki model loči od ostalih iz te skupine. Material, ki to omo-
goča, je sestavljen iz posameznih molekul, ki se zgostijo prav v tre-
nutku in na mestu, kjer je obremenitev največja. Ne glede na našo ve-
likost, težo, ali na to, kateri del stopala se prvi dotakne podlage, se ta
del popolnoma prilagodi. Primeren je tako za klasičen način teka peta-
prsti, kot tudi za vse, ki tečete na prednji del stopala. Profil podplata
je srednje izrazit in namenjen tako urejenim podlagam kot tudi bolj
zahtevnim, neravnim podlagam. •
Cena: 134,99 evra (moški, vel. 43, teža: 346 g,
ženski, vel. 39, teža: 296 g)
Mizuno Wave
Enigma
Model je namenjen za supinacijo
ali nevtralen način teka, ko potre-
bujemo dobro in odzivno blaženje
ter odlično stabilnost. Zaradi teh
lastnosti, ki jih omogoča blaženje
"wave", bo z modelom zadovoljen
tudi marsikdo z manjšo stopnjo pro-
nacije. Primeren je za različne te-
kaške podlage, čeprav je glede na
profil podplata namenjen bolj ure-
jenimpodlagaminnačinutekapeta-
prsti. Poudarjeno blaženje in dobra
odzivnost prideta do izraza na as-
faltu in makadamu. •
Cena: 174,99 evra (moški, vel.
43, teža: 366 g)
Saucony
Cortana
Nevtralno blažen model za vse su-
pinatorje in klasični način teka.
Ima dobro blaženje za tek po trdih
podlagah. Primernejši je za sred-
nje močne pronatorje in prona-
torke ter za hitrejše teke. Odlično
blažen in odziven model pokaže
vse svoje dobre lastnosti na trdih
urejenih podlagah. Tako na asfaltu
kot makadamu je odlična tudi od-
zivnost, tako da je model za vse
zelo težke tekače primeren tudi
kot tekmovalni model. Namenjen
je tako teku na način peta-prsti,
kot za tek po celem stopalu. •
Cena: 139,99 evra (moški, vel.
43, teža: 302 g, ženski, vel. 39,
teža: 250 g)
Asics Gel Cumulus 13
Zelo dobro in močno blaženje na peti v kombinaciji s širšim podpla-
tom nudi odlično blaženje in dober občutek stabilnosti, kar bo nav-
dušilo predvsem srednje težke in težke tekačice in tekače s supinacijo
in seveda vse klasične tekače, ki potrebujejo veliko blaženja in udobja
in tečejo na način peta-prsti. Za težke tekače je model primeren tudi
za daljše teke ali tekmovanja. Profil podplata je namenjen urejenim
podlagam, kjer pride v popolnosti do izraza tudi odlično blaženje. •
Cena: 129,99 evra (moški, vel. 43,5, teža: 340 g,
ženski, vel. 39, teža: 296 g)
Adidas Supernova Glide 4
Modeljenamenjenvsemsupinatorjeminzanevtralennačinteka.Podpeto
je blaženje povečano z uporabo tehnologije deljive pete. Ta del se lahko
gibljeločenoodostalegadelapodplatainseprilagajapritiskupeteinobliki
podlage.Silasepriprvemstikupetespodlagoenakomernejerazporedipo
celotni širini podplata, s čimer se povečata moč blaženja in stabilnost sto-
pala. Primeren je predvsem za tekače in tekačice, ki tečejo na klasičen
način peta-prsti. Profil podplata je manj izrazit in primernejši za bolj ure-
jene podlage in glede na srednje močno blaženje tudi za hitrejše teke. Za-
radi udobnega blaženja je za večino težjih tekačev in tekačic model pri-
meren tudi za tekmovanja na trdih podlagah in daljših razdaljah. •
Cena: 124,99 evra (moški, vel. 42 2/3, teža: 312 g,
ženski, vel. 38 2/3, teža: 256 g)
Nike Air Pegasus+ 28
Močno in udobno blaženje po celotnem podplatu je namenjeno kla-
sičnemu načinu teka in vsem supinatorjem, ki tečejo na klasičen na-
čin peta-prsti. Zaradi dobrega blaženja je primeren za vse teže teka-
čev in tekačic. Profil podplata je namenjen urejenim podlagam, čeprav
se zaradi oblike čepkov na podplatu povsem dobro obnese tudi na bolj
neurejenih podlagah. Prožnost podplata je zelo dobra, tako da je tudi
tek po celem stopalu zelo udoben. •
Cena: 99,99 evra (moški, vel. 43, teža: 296 g,
ženski, vel. 38,5, teža: 254 g)
New Balance
M1080
Model je namenjen za supinacijo in
nevtralen način teka. Primeren je
tako za tek peta-prsti kot za način
teka na celo stopalo. New Balance
je namreč tudi svoje klasične mo-
dele prilagodil najnovejšim trendom,
tako da je sedaj peta precej nižja,
zato je veliko enostavneje posta-
vljati stopalo na način, da se s ce-
lim podplatom dotaknemo podlage.
Vseeno je model kljub nižji peti z zamenjavo blaženja ohranil enako moč
kot v predhodnih "debelejših" izvedbah. Profil podplata je prav tako pri-
rejen načinu teka na celo stopalo, saj ima tudi pod stopalnim lokom ne-
kaj več odpornejše gume. Sicer je srednje izrazit, tako da je primeren za
večino podlag. •
Cena: 129,99 evra (moški, vel. 43, teža: 306 g)
Saucony Triumph 9
Močno nevtralno blaženje je primerno tudi za močnejše in težje su-
pinatorje ter supinatorke. Da je udobje na prvem mestu, opazimo že
takoj, ko model obujemo. Blaženje je zelo udobno na vseh trdih pod-
lagah. Ker je model v osnovi namenjen težjim ljudem, je prednji del
manj odziven in ne tako prožen, vendar bodo to opazili le zelo lahki
tekači in tekačice. Vsi ostali, predvsem težji, bodo nad udobjem pred-
njega dela prav gotovo navdušeni. Model je odličen za vse, ki potre-
bujete veliko blaženja, ob čemer vseeno ne želite zanemariti tudi sta-
bilnosti. Idealen je tudi za vse visoke in težje ljudi, tako za močnejšo
supinacijo kot tudi klasični način teka. •
Cena: 139,99 evra (moški, vel. 43, teža: 320 g,
ženski, vel. 39, teža: 276 g)
CM26-27 PTS 4/10/12 10:16 AM Page 1
7. TEST TEKAŠKIH COPAT TRAIL• 27
4_
Salomon XR Mission
Novost pri Salomonu, ki navduši na vseh podlagah. Model je name-
njen tistim, ki so do sedaj za tek po brezpotjih uporabljali klasične te-
kaške copate, torej so vam je bližje nižja teža, boljše blaženje in hi-
trost, a bi vseeno dodali malo več zaščite. Model XR Mission je tekaški
čevelj za tek "od vrat do gozda in nazaj". Glede na to je namenjen tudi
teku na "celo stopalo", a vseeno je blaženja dovolj tudi za pogostejši
način teka "na peto". Obrabni sloj podplata je narejen iz različnih vrst
gume in ima tudi nekaj več profila, tako da je primeren za zelo razli-
čne podlage. Kombinacija blaženja in odzivnosti se lepo izkaže pri
hitrem teku na asfaltu, pri prehodu na makadam in teren pa pride do
izraza tehnologija stabilnosti. Na zahtevnejših mokrih terenih se iz-
kaže zanesljiv oprijem s podlago.. •
Cena: 119,99 evra (moški, vel. 43 1/3, teža: 322 g,
ženski, vel. 38 2/3, teža: 280 g)
Brooks Cascadia 7
Model je kombinacija dobrega blaženja in odlične stabilnosti, ki sta
združeni v podplatu, ki omogoča poleg udobnosti tudi hitre in daljše
teke. Primeren je tudi za zelo zahtevne uporabnike. Kombinacija bla-
ženja in stabilnosti je dobrodošla tako za lažje tekanje kot tudi za re-
sne treninge in na marsikaterem tekmovanju po brezpotjih se bo ta
model odličen. Res je nekoliko težji, a zato zelo udoben, kar je mogoče
posebno dobro občutiti pri daljši, tudi celodnevni uporabi tako pri teku
kot pri daljših pohodih. Blaženje je nevtralno, oblika podplata pa pri-
mernejša za tek na celo stopalo. •
Cena: 129,99 evra (moški, vel. 42,5, teža: 356 g,
ženski, vel. 39, teža: 312 g)
Adidas
Kanadia 4 TR
Nevtralno blažen model za tek po
brezpotjih in z dobrim oprijemom
tudi na razmočenih in blatnih pod-
lagah. Primernejši je za tek po meh-
kejših naravnih podlagah, kjer pri-
deta do izraza tako odličen oprijem
stopala kot odličen oprijem pod-
plata s podlago. Posebna oblika
čepov na podplatu omogoča hitro
čiščenje in odpadanje blata, tako
da je ob vsakem koraku profil pri-
pravljen za dober oprijem. •
Cena: 79,99 evra (moški, vel. 43
1/3, teža: 330 g, ženski, vel. 38
2/3, teža: 276 g)
Salomon XR
Crossmax
Neutral
Model za kombinirane teke po ra-
zličnih, tako urejenih kot neureje-
nih,terenih.Pritekupourejenihpod-
lagah je primeren za supinatorje
inklasičninačinteka.Zatekponeu-
rejenih terenih bo z njim zadovoljna
tudi večina od ne preveč izrazitih
pronatorjev. Kombinacija blaženja
in odzivnosti pride do izraza pri hi-
trem teku na asfaltu. Pri prehodu
na makadam pride do izraza teh-
nologija stabilnosti. Na zahtevnej-
ših mokrih terenih se izkaže zane-
sljiv tudi oprijem na podlago. •
Cena: 134,99 evra (moški, vel.
43 1/3, teža: 364 g, ženski, vel.
38 2/3, teža: 304 g)
Salomon XT WINGS 2
Odlično udobje in močno blaženje sta namenjena predvsem srednje
težkim in težkim tekačem za daljše teke po kombinirani podlagi (as-
falt + makadam + gozdne poti). Glede na način teka je pri teku po ure-
jenih podlagah primernejši za pronatorje, vendar tehnologija blaže-
nja pete ustreza tudi večini supinatorjev. Model ima nekaj več stabilnosti
na račun moči blaženja. Takšna kombinacija je odlična tudi za hojo,
tako da je model zelo primeren za kombinacijo teka in hoje (tudi po
zelo razgibanem terenu in npr. za krajše pohode v hribih). Kevlarska
nitka (namesto klasične vezalke) nam skupaj z Ortholite vložkom nudi
čvrst in udoben oprijem stopala na vseh terenih. •
Cena: 139,99 evra (moški vel. 43 1/3, teža: 358 g,
ženski vel. 39 1/3, teža: 302 g)
Salomon Speedcross 3
Odličen oprijem stopala in podplata občutimo prav na vseh podlagah.
Mehki čepi na podplatu nudijo odličen oprijem na neurejenem terenu, a
tudi na trdi asfaltni podlagi je oprijem povsem soliden. Čeprav je prednji
del ožji, je prav to odlična pomoč pri teku navkreber, kjer tečemo samo
po prednjem delu. Na zelo strmem terenu so se še posebno izkazali čepki
na prednjem, zavihanem delu, ki so dodani v zadnji prenovi modela. Pro-
fil podplata je zaradi posebne oblike in izdelave primeren tudi za blatne
podlage, tako pri teku navzgor kot tudi pri teku navzdol. •
Cena: 119,99 evra (moški, vel. 43 1/3, teža: 318 g,
ženski, vel. 38 2/3, teža: 278 g)
Adidas
Response
Trail 18
Dobro blaženje se izkaže na vseh
podlagah, kar naredi model zelo pri-
meren za večino rekreativcev, ki po-
trebujejo univerzalen model za ra-
zlične terene in namene. Model
omogoča dobro blaženje, ki se ob-
čuti na trdih, urejenih podlagah, in
ima deljivo peto, ki se dobro prila-
gaja obliki podlage. Na trdih podlagah je sicer oprijema s podlago ma-
lenkost manj, kar se občuti le pri hitrejših tekih. Primeren je za vse teže te-
kačev in tako za način teka peta-prsti kot za tek na celo stopalo. Podplat
nudi dobro stabilnost in oprijem tako pri teku kot pri hoji po neurejenem
terenu. Model je odličen tudi za sprehode v naravi, nordijsko hojo, ... •
Cena: 114,99 evra (moški, vel. 43 1/3, teža: 368 g,
ženski, vel. 38 2/3, teža: 316 g)
Nike Pegasus+ 28 Trail
Model je poznan že od izvedbe za cestni tek in je eden najmehkejših te-
kaških modelov Nike. Blaženja je tudi v terenski izvedbi v izobilju, in sicer
je le-to znano kot AIR-blaženje. Ker nima dodatkov za stabilnost, je mo-
del za tek po trdih, urejenih podlagah primeren tudi za supinatorje. Mo-
goče ni najprimernejši za zelo zahtevne terene in hitre teke, a je toliko pri-
mernejšizavserekreativce,kipotrebujejozelouniverzalenmodelzarazlične
namene. Oprijempodplatajeodličennavsehpodlagah,takonpr.na.trdem
asfaltu kot mokri travnati podlagi (tu je sicer zaradi močnega blaženja ne-
kaj manj stabilnosti). Na trdih podlagah je model primernejši za način teka
peta-prsti. Pri teku po neurejenih podlagah prožen prednji del omogoča
tudi udoben tek po prednjem delu podplata. •
Cena: 109,99 evra (moški, vel. 43, teža: 312 g)
CM26-27 PTS 4/10/12 10:17 AM Page 2