My sql 5.6&MySQL Cluster 7.3

<I n s e r t Pi c t u r e H e r e >

M y SQL 5 .6 & M y SQL Cl u s t e r 7 .3
Ov e r v i e w
Oleksii(Alexey) Porytskyi
Senior Principal Consultant
oleksii.porytskyi@oracle.com

1

Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12

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The following is intended to outline our general
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material, code, or functionality, and should not be
relied upon in making purchasing decisions.The
development, release, and timing of any features or
functionality described for Oracle’s products remains
at the sole discretion of Oracle.

2

Agenda – MySQL 5.6 New
Features
• InnoDB
• Performance
• Full-Text Search
• NoSQL
• Optimizer

• MySQL Improvements
• Replication
• Security
3

MySQL 5.6 SysBench Benchmarks

MySQL 5.6

MySQL 5.5
Oracle Linux 6
Intel(R) Xeon(R) E7540 x86_64
MySQL leveraging:
- 48 of 96 available CPU threads
- 2 GHz, 512GB RAM

Up to 151% Performance Gain

MySQL 5.6 SysBench Benchmarks

MySQL 5.6

MySQL 5.5

Up to 234% Performance Gain

Oracle Linux 6
Intel(R) Xeon(R) E7540 x86_64
MySQL leveraging:
- 48 of 96 available
CPU threads
- 2 GHz, 512GB RAM

InnoDB

6

Performance - Online DDL
• DDL - SQL statements for changing
database
• Automatically commit transactions
• Historically expensive
• 5.6 enhances optimized CREATE
DROP INDEX statements
• The ALTER

TABLE

INDEX

and

process is much faster
7


Performance - Buffer Pool Pre-loading
• Load buffer pool at startup
• Load buffer pool on command (now)
• Dump buffer pool at shutdown
• Dump buffer pool now
buffer pool

1

(list of pages from pool)

2

3

shutdown - list of pages dumped

1,2,3...

1

2

buffer pool

start-up - list of pages reloaded

8

Performance - SSD
Improvements
• 4k and 8k page sizes
• InnoDB Compression
• Portable .ibd (InnoDB data) files
• Separate tablespaces for the InnoDB UNDO
log

9

Performance – Redo / Undo Logs
• Redo Logs:
• Increased from 4GB to 512GB (1TB total)
• Improves performance of:
• write-heavy workloads
• long-running transactions

• Undo Logs:
• Moves InnoDB UNDO out of system tablespace
• Good candidate to move to SSD
• I/O and memory optimization

10

NoSQL
• memcached as a daemon plugin of mysqld
• InnoDB handles memory caching
• ADD, SET, INCR stored to disk

12

Optimizer Improvements
• Subquery Optimizations
• Index Condition Pushdown
• File Sort Optimization
•

SELECT col1, ... FROM t1 ...

•

ORDER BY name LIMIT 10;

• Batched Key Access (BKA) and Multi-Range
Read (MRR)
• Persistent Optimizer Stats
13

MySQL Improvements

14

Other MySQL Improvements
• Remote Binlog Backup
• Server UUID’s
• Fractional seconds for TIME, DATETIME, and
TIMESTAMP
mysql> SELECT MICROSECOND('2010-12-10 14:12:09.219473');
+-------------------------------------------+
| MICROSECOND('2010-12-10 14:12:09.019473') |
+-------------------------------------------+
|

219473 |

+-------------------------------------------+
15

MySQL Partition Import/Export
• Exchange table partition/sub-partition with nonpartitioned table
• Rows in non-partitioned table must be in the range
of partition/sub-partition
• Foreign keys not supported
• Triggers are not invoked

16

Replication

17

Replication I
• Global Transaction ID’s (GTID’s)
• GTID Utilities
• Self-Healing Replication Clusters
• Multi-Threaded Slaves
• Binary Log Group Commit
• Time-delayed replication slaves

18

Replication II
• Informational Log Events
• Optimized Row-Based Replication
• Crash Safe Slaves and Binlog
• Data Integrity - Replication Event
Checksums
• New MySQL Replication Utilities
• mysqlfailover
• mysqlrpladmin
19

Security

20

MySQL Enterprise Audit
• Policy-based auditing
• Logging of connections, logins, query activity
• User defined policies, filtering and log rotation
• Dynamically enabled/disabled: no server restart
• XML-based audit stream
• Version MySQL 5.5.28 and higher
• Adds regulatory compliance to MySQL
applications.
• HIPAA, Sarbanes-Oxley, PCI, etc.

21

MySQL Enterprise Audit Flow
1. DBA Enables on Server1
3. Joe’s connection, login and query
logged

2. User Joe Connects and Queries Server1

22

MySQL 5.6 Security Improvements I
•Storing authentication credentials in
.mylogin.cnf
# mysql_config_editor set --login-path=local
--host=localhost --user=localuser --password

$ ls -la /var/root/.mylogin.cnf
-rw-------

1 root

wheel

136 Aug

8 15:15 .mylogin.cnf

$ file .*cnf
.mylogin.cnf: data

23

MySQL 5.6 Security Improvements II
•Stronger encryption for user account
passwords (SHA-256)
[mysqld]
default-authentication-plugin=sha256_password

24

MySQL 5.6 Security Improvements III
•User password expired column (5.6.6)
mysql> select host, user, password_expired from user where user =
"WebUser" and host = ‘localhost’;
+-------------+---------+------------------+
| host

| user

| password_expired |

+-------------+---------+------------------+
| localhost

| test

| Y

|

+-------------+---------+------------------+
root@MacBook-Tony:~$ mysql --host=localhost -utest -p
Enter password:
mysql> select 1;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must SET PASSWORD before executing this
statement
25

MySQL 5.6 Security Improvements IV
•Provision for establishing password security policy
validate_password.so plugin
[mysqld]
plugin-load=validate_password.so
validate-password=FORCE_PLUS_PERMANENT
validate_password_policy_number = 2
mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN validate_password SONAME 'validate_password.so';

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+---------------+
| Variable_name

| Value

|

+--------------------------------------+---------------+
| validate_password_dictionary_file

| pass_dict.txt |

| validate_password_length

| 8

|

| validate_password_mixed_case_count

| 1

|

| validate_password_number_count

| 1

|

| validate_password_policy_number

| STRONG

|

file is located in your data directory

| validate_password_special_char_count | 1

|

+--------------------------------------+---------------+

(validate_password_policy_number = 2
must be set to a value of 2)

26

MySQL 5.6 Security
Improvements V
•SQL function VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH()
Return
Value

mysql> select VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH ('test');

Password Test

+-------------------------------------+

Length < 4

| VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH ('test') |

Length ≥ 4 and <
25
validate_password_length

+-------------------------------------+
|

0

Satisfies policy 1
(WEAK)

25 |

+-------------------------------------+
mysql> select VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH ('Wh4tAr3Y0u!');
+--------------------------------------------+

50

Satisfies policy 2
(MEDIUM)

75

Satisfies policy 3
(STRONG)

100

| VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH ('Wh4tar3Y0u!') |
+--------------------------------------------+
|

100 |

+--------------------------------------------+

27

MySQL 5.6 Security Improvements VI
•Non-usable passwords file
echo “ilovepizza2!” > pass_dict.txt

mysql> CREATE USER 'test3'@'192.168.1.2'
IDENTIFIED BY 'ilovepizza2!’;
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not
satisfy the current policy requirements

28

 Foreign Key Support
 Connection Thread Scalability
 NoSQL JavaScript for node.js

29

Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved | Oracle reserves the right to change the content and timing of all future releases

 MySQL 5.6
 Auto-Installer

MySQL Cluster 7.3 Foreign Keys
Cluster 7.3: Foreign Keys
MySQL
•

Brings MySQL Cluster to a broader range of workloads
•

•

Adds powerful functionality while reducing complexity
•

•
•
•

30

Packaged apps, custom projects
App logic & data model

Enabled by default
Enforced for SQL & NoSQL APIs
On-line add and drop


MySQL Cluster 7.3 Foreign Keys
Cluster 7.3: Foreign Keys
MySQL
•

Implementation goal: compatibility with InnoDB
• Easy migration of solutions already working with InnoDB
• Natively implemented in the storage engine
• Created in SQL
• Enforced in SQL & NoSQL
• C++, ClusterJ, memcached, node.js
http://www.clusterdb.com/mysql-cluster/foreign-keys-in-mysql-cluster/

31


Foreign Keys-Example
Foreign Keys - Example
mysql> CREATE TABLE towns (town VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
county VARCHAR(30)
INDEX county_county_index (county),
CONSTRAINT county_town FOREIGN KEY (county) REFERENCES counties(county)
ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE RESTRICT)
ENGINE=ndb;
…
mysql> DELETE FROM counties WHERE county=’Berkshire';
ERROR 1451 (23000): Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails
(Unknown error code)
mysql> SHOW WARNINGS;
+---------+-----+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Level

| Code | Message
|

+---------+-----+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1296 | Got error 256 'Foreign key constraint violated: Referenced row exists' from
NDB
|
| Error
| 1451 | Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails
(Unknown error code) |
+---------+-----+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

32


Storage Engine Compability
Storage Engine Compatibility
I n n o DB

M y I SA M

M y SQL Cl u s t e r

✔

✖

✔

CA SCA DE

✔

N/A

✔

U PDA T E

✔

N/A

No PK UPDATE

DEL ET E

✔

N/A

✔

REST RI CT

✔

N/A

✔

Same as RESTRICT

N/A

Deferred Check

✔

N/A

✔

Fo r e i g n K e y s

N O A CT I ON

SET N U L L

34


MySQL Cluster 7.3: NoSQL
Access to data

M y SQL Cl u s t e r Da t a N o de s

35

MySQL Cluster 7.3 – Node.js
MySQL Cluster 7.3:
NoSQL API
•

Native JavaScript access to MySQL
Cluster

•

End-to-End JavaScript: browser to the
app & DB

•

Storing and retrieving JavaScript objects
directly in MySQL Cluster

•
•
•

36


Eliminate SQL transformation
• Implemented as a module for node.js
Integrates Cluster API library within the
web app
Optionally routes through MySQL Server

InnoDB vs NDB Considerations
vs NDB Considerations
InnoDB
I n n o DB

N DB /Cl u s t e r

Fo r e i g n K e y s

✔

✔

M a x Ro w Si ze

64K

14K

Range, List, Key, Hash

Key only

A u t o -s h a r d i n g

X

✔

Min num of servers

1

3

memcache

NDBAPI (C/C++)
memcache
node.js (JavaScript)
ClusterJ (Java)
mod_ndb (Apache module)

T a b l e Pa r t i t i o n i n g

N o SQL A c c e s s

37


MSQL Cluster 7.3:MySQL 5.6 Support
MySQL 5.6 Support
MySQL Cluster 7.3 –
Select storage engine per

table
Local
InnoDB
Tables

Local
InnoDB
Tables

– InnoDB
 Large Rows, DSS Queries, FTS

– NDB/Cluster
 Auto-sharding, real-time, HA

Uses latest MySQL 5.6

Server
MySQL Cluster NDB Storage Engine

– Enhanced Optimizer
– Replication Checksums
– Time-Delayed Replication

38


MySQL Cluster 7.3 – Connection Thread
Scalability
Increases throughput of

MySQL Cluster Data Nodes

each connection to the
data layer
Increases cluster
scalability
– Each connection

Wi t h Co n n e c t i o n
T h r e a d Sc a l a b i l i t y

consumes one of 256
node ids
Up to 8x higher

MySQL Cluster Data Nodes

39


performance per
connection
– SQL & NoSQL interfaces

MySQL Cluster 7.3 Auto-Installer
•
•
•
•

Fast configuration
Auto-discovery
Workload optimized
Repeatable best
practices
• MySQL Cluster 7.2
& 7.3


Auto-Discover

Deploy

40

Specify Workload

Define
Topology

Questions?

41

My sql 5.6&MySQL Cluster 7.3

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