3. tHe muscular systemtHe muscular system
A muscle is made of
strong tissue that can
contract in an orderly
way.
Your muscular system is
made of different types
of
muscles and has several
functions.
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4. tHe muscular systemtHe muscular system
All muscle tissues
are made of cells that
contract.
When the cells of a
Muscle contract, the
muscle tissues become
shorter.
The muscle tissues
return to their
original length when
the cells relax.25 March 2017
5. definition of muscledefinition of muscle
A band or bundle of fibrous tissue
in a human or animal body that has
the ability to contract, producing
movement in or maintaining the
position of parts of the body.
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14. Skeletal MuScle characteriSticSSkeletal MuScle characteriSticS
• Most are attached by tendons to bones
• Cells are multinucleate
• Striated – have visible banding
• Voluntary – subject to conscious control
• Cells are surrounded and bundled by
connective tissue = great force, but tires
easily
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15. connective tiSSue WrappingS ofconnective tiSSue WrappingS of
Skeletal MuScleSkeletal MuScle
• Endomysium –
around single
muscle fiber
• Perimysium –
around a fascicle
(bundle) of
fibers
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16. connective tiSSue WrappingS ofconnective tiSSue WrappingS of
Skeletal MuScleSkeletal MuScle
• Epimysium –
covers the
entire skeletal
muscle
• Fascia – on the
outside of the
epimysium
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17. Skeletal MuScle attachMentSSkeletal MuScle attachMentS
• Epimysium blends into a connective
tissue attachment
•Tendon – cord-like structure
• Sites of muscle attachment
•Bones
•Cartilages
•Connective tissue coverings
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18. SMooth MuScle characteriSticSSMooth MuScle characteriSticS
• Spindle-shaped cells
• Single nucleus
• Involuntary – no conscious control
• Found mainly in the walls of
hollow organs
• Contraction of smooth muscles
helps move material through your
body, such as food in your
stomach.
• Smooth muscles line your blood
vessels and many of your organs.
• Smooth muscles also control the
movement of blood through your
vessels.
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19. CardiaC MusCle CharaCteristiCsCardiaC MusCle CharaCteristiCs
• Has striations
• Usually has a single nucleus
• Joined to another muscle cell
at an intercalated disc
• Involuntary
• Found only in the heart
• As cardiac muscles contract
and relax, they pump blood
through your heart and
through vessels throughout
your body.
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20. FunCtion oF MusClesFunCtion oF MusCles
•Many of muscles help to moves. Most of these
muscles attach to bones. These muscles make
skeleton move
•When muscles contract, they move bones. This
movement can be fast. Example: Race
•Muscles that are attached to bones, support body
and helps to body balance.
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21. FunCtion oF MusClesFunCtion oF MusCles
•Many Muscles protect the body. They
cover most of skeleton.
•Muscles also cover most of the organs
inside the body.
•Muscles are like a layer of padding. They
surround abdomen, chest, and back, and
protect the internal organs.
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22. FunCtion oF MusClesFunCtion oF MusCles
•Muscular system helps the body keep
internal temperature within a certain
range.
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23. eFFeCts oF exerCise on MusCleeFFeCts oF exerCise on MusCle
• Results of increased muscle use
• Increase in muscle size
• Increase in muscle strength
• Increase in muscle efficiency
• Muscle becomes more fatigue
resistant
25 March 2017
24. disorders relating to the
MusCular systeM
• Muscular Dystrophy: inherited, muscle
enlarge due to increased fat and connective
tissue, but fibers degenerate and atrophy
• Duchenne MD: lacking a protein to maintain
the sarcolemma
• Myasthemia Gravis: progressive weakness
due to a shortage of acetylcholine receptors
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