This document discusses the dangers of distracted driving from cell phone use. It provides statistics on car accidents and deaths from 2001-2008 related to cell phone use while driving. Several states have passed laws banning handheld phones or texting while driving, but no state prohibits all cell phone use. The document argues that current laws do not go far enough and that all cell phone use, including hands-free, should be banned while operating a vehicle due to the cognitive impairment it causes.
The document discusses transportation issues and proposes a transportation assistance venture. It notes that over 1.8 million people die in car accidents each year, which is a leading cause of death among young people. Additionally, more than 500,000 Americans lack mobility. The proposed transportation assistance venture would allow users to request rides through an app, set a pick-up location, and receive an estimated time of arrival for an autonomous vehicle. Contact information is provided for the student senator leading the venture.
Using mobile phones while driving effects & solutionsAhmad Bamasak
Using mobile phones while driving has become a major concern due to increased distraction and impairment of driving performance. The document discusses the effects of mobile phone use while driving, including increased crash risk which some studies estimate is up to 4 times higher than normal driving. It also examines potential solutions such as legislation banning handheld or all mobile phone use, public education campaigns, and technological solutions. Overall, the document analyzes the problem of driver distraction caused by mobile phones and suggests continued efforts are needed through enforcement, education, and technology to improve road safety.
The document discusses cell phone use while driving and laws banning such use. It provides details on states that have banned handheld or all cell phone use while driving. Texting bans are also discussed. Data is presented showing that at least 28% of crashes are estimated to be caused by drivers using cell phones or texting. A study was conducted via surveys to examine attitudes towards cell phone use while driving and whether laws banning it could reduce accidents. Hypothesis tests found that over half of accidents are caused by cell phones and that over half of people agree laws would reduce accidents. A regression showed a relationship between these views and the laws' predicted effectiveness. The study concluded laws would help reduce cell phone-related accidents.
Distracted driving, especially from cell phone use, is a serious problem. Statistics show that 73% of teens change songs on devices while driving, 67% talk on phones, and 13% update social media. Over 6,000 people died in 2008 from distracted driving, and cell phone use makes crashes 4 times more likely. While teens feel invincible, distracted driving is an epidemic that claims many young lives each year. The document calls on readers to raise awareness through distributing thumb bands, showing a documentary, and posting reminders on social media.
This document contains definitions and examples for 15 vocabulary words: austere, avarice, frugal, mercenary, parsimonious, penurious, thrifty, miserly, adversity, conflagration, confounding, cryptic, debacle, enigma, and labyrinth. It also lists clusters 9 & 10 containing the names Asmaa Abdullah, Mariam Dawood, and Sondos Ayman at the beginning.
The document provides an overview of an organization's human resource management practices including its organizational structure, human resource planning and forecasting, recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, compensation and benefits, career management, and labor relations. It also includes a SWOT analysis identifying strengths like its target customers and infrastructure, weaknesses such as financial instability and high employee turnover, opportunities such as enhancing recruitment policies and threats like emerging competitors. The document concludes with recommendations to improve practices such as restructuring services, drafting clear job requirements, implementing promotion policies, and enhancing training and relations with stakeholders.
The document discusses transportation issues and proposes a transportation assistance venture. It notes that over 1.8 million people die in car accidents each year, which is a leading cause of death among young people. Additionally, more than 500,000 Americans lack mobility. The proposed transportation assistance venture would allow users to request rides through an app, set a pick-up location, and receive an estimated time of arrival for an autonomous vehicle. Contact information is provided for the student senator leading the venture.
Using mobile phones while driving effects & solutionsAhmad Bamasak
Using mobile phones while driving has become a major concern due to increased distraction and impairment of driving performance. The document discusses the effects of mobile phone use while driving, including increased crash risk which some studies estimate is up to 4 times higher than normal driving. It also examines potential solutions such as legislation banning handheld or all mobile phone use, public education campaigns, and technological solutions. Overall, the document analyzes the problem of driver distraction caused by mobile phones and suggests continued efforts are needed through enforcement, education, and technology to improve road safety.
The document discusses cell phone use while driving and laws banning such use. It provides details on states that have banned handheld or all cell phone use while driving. Texting bans are also discussed. Data is presented showing that at least 28% of crashes are estimated to be caused by drivers using cell phones or texting. A study was conducted via surveys to examine attitudes towards cell phone use while driving and whether laws banning it could reduce accidents. Hypothesis tests found that over half of accidents are caused by cell phones and that over half of people agree laws would reduce accidents. A regression showed a relationship between these views and the laws' predicted effectiveness. The study concluded laws would help reduce cell phone-related accidents.
Distracted driving, especially from cell phone use, is a serious problem. Statistics show that 73% of teens change songs on devices while driving, 67% talk on phones, and 13% update social media. Over 6,000 people died in 2008 from distracted driving, and cell phone use makes crashes 4 times more likely. While teens feel invincible, distracted driving is an epidemic that claims many young lives each year. The document calls on readers to raise awareness through distributing thumb bands, showing a documentary, and posting reminders on social media.
This document contains definitions and examples for 15 vocabulary words: austere, avarice, frugal, mercenary, parsimonious, penurious, thrifty, miserly, adversity, conflagration, confounding, cryptic, debacle, enigma, and labyrinth. It also lists clusters 9 & 10 containing the names Asmaa Abdullah, Mariam Dawood, and Sondos Ayman at the beginning.
The document provides an overview of an organization's human resource management practices including its organizational structure, human resource planning and forecasting, recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, compensation and benefits, career management, and labor relations. It also includes a SWOT analysis identifying strengths like its target customers and infrastructure, weaknesses such as financial instability and high employee turnover, opportunities such as enhancing recruitment policies and threats like emerging competitors. The document concludes with recommendations to improve practices such as restructuring services, drafting clear job requirements, implementing promotion policies, and enhancing training and relations with stakeholders.
O documento discute a importância da educação para o desenvolvimento econômico e social de um país. A educação é essencial para formar cidadãos produtivos e capacitados para impulsionar a inovação e o progresso de uma nação. Políticas educacionais efetivas são fundamentais para promover o crescimento a longo prazo.
Team Crank presented 4 concepts for oil containers:
1. Cheetah - Takes design cues from a cheetah's curved back and claws for grip. Wide sticker areas allow for branding.
2. Atlas - Smooth, minimalist design with separate areas for handling and branding. A void area provides support and torque for pouring.
3. Twheel - Inspired by the robustness of a tire, with serrations that indicate oil level and provide a distinctive grip.
4. X1D2 - A futuristic, clean design that can be easily manufactured. A flat top assists with stacking and durability while pouring.
Mi familia realizó un viaje a Salta donde visitaron las principales atracciones turísticas como la ciudad de Salta y el Cerro Catedral, además de reunirse con amigos de Misiones durante el paseo en el teleférico del Cable Carril.
Graple is an authentic denim brand established in 1991 that prides itself on craftsmanship and innovation. The brand replicates vintage denim washes through hand processes to achieve a worn look traditionally used for workwear. Graple reintroduced their Original Denim Jeans in 2013 as a testament to the style and function the brand has provided over the years. The spring/fall collection features stretch fabrics for freedom of movement and introduces a women's line that is strong, sexy, and dynamic.
The document outlines a proposed electronic grocery list service. The service would use customer shopping habits and inventory data to automatically generate customized grocery lists that are sent to customers as reminders. The lists would include recommended items and promotions. Customers could have their order ready for pickup or delivery from affiliated supermarkets for a fee. The service aims to help busy professionals save time by streamlining their grocery shopping. Key aspects that are discussed include the customer segments, distribution channels, revenue models, partnerships, resources, and costs required to implement the service.
This document contains information about various HR practices, concepts, and companies. It discusses hybrid HRM, which takes a multi-functional approach combining different roles. It also mentions generations X, Y and Z. Several companies and their HR practices are outlined, including their values, functions, locations and leadership. Green and hybrid HR are mentioned. The document contains information on managing technology change, metrics, talent management and other HR topics.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang sistem input-output pada mikroprosesor, mulai dari komponen dasar input/output seperti mikro switch, LED, keyboard, sensor, hingga masukan-keluaran serial dan paralel. Juga dibahas tentang tujuan perkuliahan, metode programmed I/O, interupsi, dan DMA pada sistem input-output.
The Fashion Channel (TFC) was a successful cable TV network dedicated solely to fashion. However, competitors were now adding fashion programming, threatening TFC's position. Data Wheeler, new VP of Marketing, was developing a segmentation and positioning strategy to present. Research identified four audience clusters: Fashionistas (15% of households) who were highly engaged with fashion; Planners & Shoppers (35%) who regularly participated in fashion; Situationalists (30%) who did so for specific needs; and Basics (20%) who were disengaged. Wheeler was considering targeting just Fashionistas, or both Fashionistas and Planners & Shoppers, to strengthen the audience value and increase advertising revenue in response
Impactul cresterii salariului minim la 700 lei inIMMRomania
The document discusses the impact of raising Romania's minimum wage to 700 lei in 2012. Raising the minimum wage aimed to improve living standards for low-income workers and boost consumer spending. However, critics argued it could lead companies to cut jobs or raise prices to compensate for higher costs.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document provides instructions for constructing a paper car in 12 steps. The instructions begin by folding the paper in half lengthwise to create the base shape of the car. Subsequent folds are made to round the corners and form the wheels, trunk, hood, and windshield. Optional details like windows can be drawn on last. Following the steps allows students to design and make their own paper car using only a square of paper and basic folding techniques.
Base is a Spanish company with over 30 years of experience providing ICT solutions and services to organizations. It has a staff of over 40 professionals with high qualifications and an average age of 30. Base offers a wide range of products and services adapted to customer needs, and invests 6% of revenue in staff training and 14% in R&D projects alone or with partners. Base currently supports many small and medium enterprises in southeastern Spain and has significant experience in vertical solutions for some industries like public administration.
This document provides tips for using various iPhone apps and features to be productive on the go, including using the Notes app to jot down ideas, the timer feature to focus with a time limit, the Safari browser for online research, dictionary and thesaurus apps, an encyclopedia app, an RSS reader, the Instapaper app to save content for later, Dropbox to access files, an analytics app to review stats, the camera for photos, Photoshop Express for editing photos, the video camera, voice memos, a dictation app, the WordPress app for managing blogs, and the weather app before heading out.
Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for people ages 5 to 35 in the US. Human error is responsible for the vast majority of crashes, around 93%. Using a cell phone while driving makes a driver four times more likely to crash due to the cognitive distraction it causes. Reaction times of drivers using cell phones are slower than those of drunk drivers with a 0.08% blood alcohol content. Both hands-free and handheld phone use pose dangerous risks, as the brain experiences inattention blindness and a 37% reduction in spatial processing needed for driving. Cell phone use is estimated to be involved in 24% of all motor vehicle crashes. Public opinion polls show strong majority support for bans on cell phone use while driving.
Driver distraction, including cell phone use, contributes to 20-30% of vehicle collisions. While hands-free phones allow drivers to keep hands on the wheel, studies show driver inattention is the larger issue and hands-free phones pose similar risks. Some states and countries restrict cell phone use while driving, but studies show education may be more effective than penalties alone at changing behavior and improving safety.
O documento discute a importância da educação para o desenvolvimento econômico e social de um país. A educação é essencial para formar cidadãos produtivos e capacitados para impulsionar a inovação e o progresso de uma nação. Políticas educacionais efetivas são fundamentais para promover o crescimento a longo prazo.
Team Crank presented 4 concepts for oil containers:
1. Cheetah - Takes design cues from a cheetah's curved back and claws for grip. Wide sticker areas allow for branding.
2. Atlas - Smooth, minimalist design with separate areas for handling and branding. A void area provides support and torque for pouring.
3. Twheel - Inspired by the robustness of a tire, with serrations that indicate oil level and provide a distinctive grip.
4. X1D2 - A futuristic, clean design that can be easily manufactured. A flat top assists with stacking and durability while pouring.
Mi familia realizó un viaje a Salta donde visitaron las principales atracciones turísticas como la ciudad de Salta y el Cerro Catedral, además de reunirse con amigos de Misiones durante el paseo en el teleférico del Cable Carril.
Graple is an authentic denim brand established in 1991 that prides itself on craftsmanship and innovation. The brand replicates vintage denim washes through hand processes to achieve a worn look traditionally used for workwear. Graple reintroduced their Original Denim Jeans in 2013 as a testament to the style and function the brand has provided over the years. The spring/fall collection features stretch fabrics for freedom of movement and introduces a women's line that is strong, sexy, and dynamic.
The document outlines a proposed electronic grocery list service. The service would use customer shopping habits and inventory data to automatically generate customized grocery lists that are sent to customers as reminders. The lists would include recommended items and promotions. Customers could have their order ready for pickup or delivery from affiliated supermarkets for a fee. The service aims to help busy professionals save time by streamlining their grocery shopping. Key aspects that are discussed include the customer segments, distribution channels, revenue models, partnerships, resources, and costs required to implement the service.
This document contains information about various HR practices, concepts, and companies. It discusses hybrid HRM, which takes a multi-functional approach combining different roles. It also mentions generations X, Y and Z. Several companies and their HR practices are outlined, including their values, functions, locations and leadership. Green and hybrid HR are mentioned. The document contains information on managing technology change, metrics, talent management and other HR topics.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang sistem input-output pada mikroprosesor, mulai dari komponen dasar input/output seperti mikro switch, LED, keyboard, sensor, hingga masukan-keluaran serial dan paralel. Juga dibahas tentang tujuan perkuliahan, metode programmed I/O, interupsi, dan DMA pada sistem input-output.
The Fashion Channel (TFC) was a successful cable TV network dedicated solely to fashion. However, competitors were now adding fashion programming, threatening TFC's position. Data Wheeler, new VP of Marketing, was developing a segmentation and positioning strategy to present. Research identified four audience clusters: Fashionistas (15% of households) who were highly engaged with fashion; Planners & Shoppers (35%) who regularly participated in fashion; Situationalists (30%) who did so for specific needs; and Basics (20%) who were disengaged. Wheeler was considering targeting just Fashionistas, or both Fashionistas and Planners & Shoppers, to strengthen the audience value and increase advertising revenue in response
Impactul cresterii salariului minim la 700 lei inIMMRomania
The document discusses the impact of raising Romania's minimum wage to 700 lei in 2012. Raising the minimum wage aimed to improve living standards for low-income workers and boost consumer spending. However, critics argued it could lead companies to cut jobs or raise prices to compensate for higher costs.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document provides instructions for constructing a paper car in 12 steps. The instructions begin by folding the paper in half lengthwise to create the base shape of the car. Subsequent folds are made to round the corners and form the wheels, trunk, hood, and windshield. Optional details like windows can be drawn on last. Following the steps allows students to design and make their own paper car using only a square of paper and basic folding techniques.
Base is a Spanish company with over 30 years of experience providing ICT solutions and services to organizations. It has a staff of over 40 professionals with high qualifications and an average age of 30. Base offers a wide range of products and services adapted to customer needs, and invests 6% of revenue in staff training and 14% in R&D projects alone or with partners. Base currently supports many small and medium enterprises in southeastern Spain and has significant experience in vertical solutions for some industries like public administration.
This document provides tips for using various iPhone apps and features to be productive on the go, including using the Notes app to jot down ideas, the timer feature to focus with a time limit, the Safari browser for online research, dictionary and thesaurus apps, an encyclopedia app, an RSS reader, the Instapaper app to save content for later, Dropbox to access files, an analytics app to review stats, the camera for photos, Photoshop Express for editing photos, the video camera, voice memos, a dictation app, the WordPress app for managing blogs, and the weather app before heading out.
Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for people ages 5 to 35 in the US. Human error is responsible for the vast majority of crashes, around 93%. Using a cell phone while driving makes a driver four times more likely to crash due to the cognitive distraction it causes. Reaction times of drivers using cell phones are slower than those of drunk drivers with a 0.08% blood alcohol content. Both hands-free and handheld phone use pose dangerous risks, as the brain experiences inattention blindness and a 37% reduction in spatial processing needed for driving. Cell phone use is estimated to be involved in 24% of all motor vehicle crashes. Public opinion polls show strong majority support for bans on cell phone use while driving.
Driver distraction, including cell phone use, contributes to 20-30% of vehicle collisions. While hands-free phones allow drivers to keep hands on the wheel, studies show driver inattention is the larger issue and hands-free phones pose similar risks. Some states and countries restrict cell phone use while driving, but studies show education may be more effective than penalties alone at changing behavior and improving safety.
Mobile Search: A Force to be Reckoned With!Karen Church
This invited talk was given at ECIR 2013 Industry Day in Moscow on the 27th March 2013. The talk was on the topic of mobile search, a research area I've devoted the past 10 years to.
Recently the world has witnessed a revolution in terms of mobile web and mobile search usage. Mobile phones, once deemed as simple communications devices, now provide mobile users with access to a wealth of online content, anytime and anywhere. In 2012, the increasing presence of mobile devices caused desktop search to decline for the first time ever; a level of growth that simply cannot be ignored.
My aim is to take a nostalgic look back at the simple beginnings of mobile search and discuss how, why and in what ways mobile search has evolved over the past 8-10 years. I highlight patterns of mobile search usage and show how they not only differ from desktop search, but they are continually evolving. And instead of taking a single, data-centric viewpoint of mobile search, I also discuss user-centric studies, highlighting the unique needs, intents and motivations of mobile searchers. Finally, I share some thoughts about where mobile search is heading, the challenges that lie ahead and discuss some of the factors that I think are important when it comes to enriching the future search experiences of mobile users.
Karen Church
Research Scientist
Telefonica Research
www.karenchurch.com
@karenchurch
ALBURAIK 1
ALBURAIK 1
ALBURAIK 4
Jassim alburaik
L.Norals
ENGL1010-76
October12, 14
Proposal
The use of cell phones has become more popular since their invention. Everyday millions of people use mobile phones for communication and online research. The growth of mobile phone industry and technology has been instrumental in making these gadgets affordable to majority including children. Studies reveal potential harm in rising use cell phones by drivers. This research seeks to identify the relationship between cell phone use and car crashes in the USA.
H0=the incremental car crash risk is proportional to time spent on the phone.
H1= the incremental car crash risk is not proportional to time spent on the phone.
The population of interest for this research is adults who are eligible to drive under the laws of the United States of America. The population that is accessible for this research consists of all American Students in the state of Illinois who meet the following criteria: 1) access to a vehicle; 2) posses a driving license 3)above the age of 18.
According to Andrew Parkes, driver’s phone conversations impair the driver’s concentration more than passenger conversations. A simulation studies report from University of Utah concluded that drivers involved in passenger conversations performed far much better than lone drivers. The report attributed this to the replication of driving task and the traffic in their conversations.
However, the report by the University of Utah has been heavily criticized by other research institutions. Meta-analysis by the University of Illinois appreciated the danger of passenger conversations. According to AAA (formerly American Automobile Association), passenger conversation was responsible for 11% of accidents related to distraction.
The effects of texting while driving have been a matter of great interest lately. 50 percent of drivers between the age of 16 and 24 confessed to having texted while driving. Two thousand young drivers die annually from accidents related to texting. In May 2009, there was a much publicized car crash in Boston where a driver crashed texting his girlfriend. On September 12, 2008, A Union Pacificfreight train and a Metrolink commuter train had a collision in Los Angeles, California. The accident claimed the lives of 25 commuters. Investigations by National Transport Safety Board (NTBS) found out that the Metrolink train operator had been texting while operating the train. The investigation concluded that the engineer might have been distracted by numerous texts he sent while on duty.
The use of phones while driving motor cars is very common today. However, this activity is considered dangerous given evidence relating cell phone use to a number of road accidents. Several states in the US have passed regulations forbidding use of phones while driving. Other states on the other hand allow the use of hands free gadgets.
Some researchers believe that using hands free gad.
Using mobile phones while driving can be dangerous as it is mentally demanding, increases reaction time, and reduces the driver's field of view. Research has found that drivers engaged in phone conversations are four times as likely to crash as other drivers, with risks comparable to drunk driving. Phone conversations require mental visualization that takes attention away from the road, and people have difficulty focusing on more than one task at a time. Reaction times are significantly slower for drivers using mobile phones, whether handheld or hands-free.
This document summarizes a study that examined perceptions and use patterns of mobile phones in Tehran, Iran. The researchers surveyed 600 people from 6 districts in Tehran to assess perceptions and mobile use rates among different social and demographic groups. They found significant differences between men and women, employed and unemployed individuals, and singles and married people in terms of mobile use rates. Perceptions of mobile phones showed some similarities across groups. Younger respondents saw mobile phones more for self-expression, while older people viewed them more as tools. The results provide insights into sociocultural behaviors related to mobile communication in large urban areas in developing countries.
This document summarizes a distracted driving demonstration project conducted in 2010 by the Connecticut Department of Transportation. It describes the types of distracted driving studied (talking to passengers, using GPS, talking on cell phones, texting), how distraction has increased as cell phone use has risen, and efforts being made to address the problem through laws banning certain uses in many states. The project in Connecticut involved an enforcement campaign across multiple cities that collected crash, citation, and survey data to evaluate the impact of targeted distracted driving enforcement and awareness campaigns on driver behavior and safety outcomes.
The document discusses trends in internet and wireless device usage from various sources such as the ITU, eTForecasts, and eMarketer from 2001 to 2010. It also references a survey about traveler technology usage from the World Travel & Tourism Council. Additionally, it outlines the growth of smartphones and mobile apps, emerging technologies like augmented reality, and potential new location-based and mobile services.
This document summarizes a research article about texting and driving behaviors in younger drivers. The summary includes:
- The study found that 70% of younger drivers surveyed report initiating texts while driving, and even higher percentages reply to texts (81%) or read texts (92%) while driving. Only 2% reported never texting while driving.
- Younger drivers perceived texting while driving to be very risky, riskier than talking on a cell phone, but perception of risk was only a weak predictor of initiating texts or had no effect on replying or reading texts.
- Choosing to initiate a text led drivers to perceive road conditions as safer than if they replied to or read a text, suggesting the
2. •Driving distracted is a Danger to
the community.
•It’s time to say NO Phones
•5,780 accident in 2008 (DOT,
2011)
•MD & DC Law has passed for no
Hand Held Phones while driving.
•NO Texting & Driving
•Police do not require another
reason to stop you if they see you
on the phone
•VA Law you can use Hand held
phones, You can Text & Drive.
(APA, 2011)
4. Statistics
219 million cell phone users
73% of its population
16,000 deaths from 2001-2007 (Dot, 2011)
1999-2008 fatal car accidents involving cell phone use
and texting while behind the wheel rose from 4,572(Dot,
2011)
5,780 accident in 2008 (DOT, 2011)
28 percent of all crashes (approximately 1.6 million per
year), were caused by cell phone use and texting by
drivers. (Globalist, 2011)
Globalist, 2011
(APA, 2011) DOT, 2011
5. •Cognitive ability is
impaired when using
cell phones while
driving.
•We have to pay close
attention when we are
driving.
• Attention is the
mental mechanism by
which we actively
process information in
the sensory registers
pertaining to that entity
(Ashcraft & Radvansky,
2006).
(APA, 2011)
6. •Great for testing without causing harm
•Need real conversation instead of scripted
•Need to test, hand held, hands free and headsets
(APA, 2011)
7. Examined a variety of age group from 15-80
year olds
Various scenarios: operating, talking and
texting on cell phones while driving.
Photo- (APA, 2011)
Dreamstime, 2011
8. Several states have now passed legislation with limited
laws to prohibit either texting or the use of hand held
phones.
No state has been able to pass a law that totally
prohibits the use of cell phones while driving.
Will demonstrate that the current laws are not enough;
all cell phone use (hand held, hand free, and texting)
should be prohibited while driving.
(APA, 2011)
9. Ashcraft, M. H. & Radvansky, G. A. (2006). Cognition, 5th edition,
Pearson.
Dreamline. (2011). Grandma Driving Photo. Image retrieved online
December 12, 2011from www.dreamline.com
Globalist Syndication Service. (2011). Cell Phones and Globalization.
Retrieved from
http://www.theglobalist.com/globalicons/syndication/sample.htm
Department of Transportation. (2001). Traffic Fatality Statistics.
Retrieved from www.dot.gov
(APA, 2011)
Editor's Notes
Driving distracted is a danger to the community as a whole. Several states have now passed legislation with limited laws to prohibit either texting or the use of hand held phones. However, no state has been able to pass a law that totally prohibits the use of cell phones while driving. This needs to change. Our cognitive ability is impaired when using cell phones while driving. As simple as it sounds, we have to pay close attention when we are driving. Attention is the mental mechanism by which we actively process information in the sensory registers pertaining to that entity (Ashcraft & Radvansky, 2006).
Technology has progressed, cell phones are now mini computers so they do more and there are more subscribers. The smaller the phone –the smaller the buttons to dial and text. The first cell phone was a giant brick heavy to hold with bigger keys. Now technology has progress where you can watch movies on the phone, play games, and 007 watch cellphones with a stylus to text. This lead me to believe we have a bigger problem on the horizon.
As technology progress, cell phone usage will increase. According to the New York Times (Globalist, 2011), as of 2007 the United States had 219 million cell phone users, representing 73% of its population. Data from the online report dated Sept. 23 in the American Journal of Public Health, National Center for Statistics and Analysis's Fatality Analysis Reporting System (2011) states just texting caused 16,000 deaths from 2001-2007 & from 1999-2008 fatal car accidents involving cell phone use and texting while behind the wheel rose from 4,572 in 2005 to 5,780 in 2008. That's a 28% increase in just three years. According to the National Safety Council (NSC) (2009), 28 percent of all crashes (approximately 1.6 million per year), were caused by cell phone use and texting by drivers.
Our cognitive ability is impaired when using cell phones while driving. As simple as it sounds, we have to pay close attention when we are driving. Attention is the mental mechanism by which we actively process information in the sensory registers pertaining to that entity (Ashcraft & Radvansky, 2006).
In one simulator study that explored highway driving and simulated scripted conversation via phone and it proved that in car conversation and cell phone conversation are not the same.
Research need to examined a variety of age group from 15-80 year olds, with each scenario: operating, talking and texting on cell phones while driving. As you age your cognitive and physical ability deminish. Elderly drivers have the natural process of age and slower reaction time against them. As the body age, the eye sight, motor coordination diminishes and mental reasoning slows. Mental focus, learning and memory capacity also diminished. Because of this natural human factor, additional studies should be done on the elderly. New drivers are less experienced, hence additional distractions such as cell phones can only make driving more distracted. New drivers have the potential of causing accidents due to over correcting the vehicle because of lack of experience. Young people are addicted to their social networking sites and will be more likely to attempt to tweet & text while driving to keep their followers updated on their current status in their world. They are also most likely to be chauffeuring friends and having multiple people in the car at one time causing a serious distraction. You couple age with cellphone use and driving –you are asking for injury and death.
The current laws are not enough; all cell phone use (hand held, hand free, and texting) should be prohibited while driving.
I believe that each of the above studies should have examined a variety of age group from 15-80 year olds, with each scenario: operating, talking and texting on cell phones while driving.