A professor has social prestige but lacks economic wealth and status consistency according to Marx. Rostow's stages of modernization suggests luxuries become necessities in the stage of mass consumption. Jim's yearly accumulated wealth is $50,000 before spending on himself or family based on his $100,000 income and $50,000 in mortgage and vehicle payments. Structural functional theory states poverty is necessary for society to run smoothly. Feminism asserts gender is a socially constructed concept with significant impact.

1. A professor has social prestige, but not much economic wealth.
A professor, therefore, does not have __________.
status consistency
class position
a place in a meritocracy
social mobility
According to Karl Marx, __________ experience exploitation and inequality.
imperial powers
proletarians
colonial powers
Capitalists
According to Rostow's stages of modernization, in which stage do luxuries
become necessities to most of society?
Stage of mass consumption
Traditional stage
Take-off stage
Stage of highly-advanced technology
Jim earns $100,000 a year at his job. He owes $20,000 a year for his home
mortgage payment, and $30,000 a year for his combined cabin, boat, and car
payments.
What is Jim's yearly accumulated wealth before he spends anything on himself or
his family?
$100,000
$30,000
$55,000
$50,000
Which theory states that poverty, and the poor, are necessary for society to run
smoothly?

2. Symbolic interaction theory
Social exchange theory
Social conflict theory
Structural-functional theory
According to __________, gender is a socially-constructed concept that has a
significant impact on our lives.
pluralism
feminism
intersectionality
Miscegenation
Sweatshop workers are affected by the practice of __________, in which
employers charge employees for necessities (e.g., housing), but don't pay them
enough to cover those costs.
human trafficking
child slavery
debt bondage
chattel slavery
Which of the following statements accurately reflects world systems theory?
Rich countries form the core of the world economy and economically exploit poor
countries that are situated on the periphery.
Semi-peripheral countries exploit those on the periphery, and are not exploited
by those at the core.
The core of the world economy consists of low-income nations that produce most
of the world's goods.
Gary says he is prejudiced because his father was prejudiced. He believes that
prejudicial attitudes are part of our society and are passed from generation to
generation.
Gary's comments illustrate which of the following theories of prejudice?

3. Culture theory
Scapegoat theory
Conflict theory
Authoritarian personality theory
Classmates Jenna and Damion discuss some of the topics that have come up in
their sociology course.
Jenna says, (A) "__________ is a problem in the United States, because there
are too many people living in shelters and on the streets."
Damion replies, "That's true, but the best way to deal with the problem is through
trickle-down economics and (B) __________ — giving tax breaks to corporations
so that they will create jobs."
(A) Homelessness, (B) individual welfare
(A) Relative poverty, (B) individual welfare
(A) Homelessness, (B) corporate welfare
(A) Functional poverty, (B) corporate welfare
Which of the following statements about Emile Durkheim's perspective on religion
is true?
Durkheim saw religion as crucial to the continued maintenance of society.
Durkheim believed religion serves as a form of social solidarity, joining people
together through rituals, customs, and symbols.
All of the answer choices are correct.
Durkheim asserted that religion is based on sacred beliefs and rituals.
Which of the following identifies a society with a system of stratification that
allows almost no social mobility?
Bureaucracy
Closed society or caste system
Meritocracy
Open society or class system

4. Select the statement about fundamentalists that is true.
Fundamentalists hold progressive beliefs and acknowledge non-traditional
worldviews.
Fundamentalists believe that sacred texts provide general guidelines for living.
They are not meant to be interpreted literally.
Fundamentalists acknowledge the beliefs of other religions, but only follow the
rules and standards of their own.
Fundamentalists maintain that their beliefs are true, and any other beliefs are not.
Before affirmative action laws were implemented as a result of the civil rights
movement, there was nothing to prevent employment discrimination against
people of color.
What type of discrimination is illustrated by this example?
Institutional discrimination
Institutional prejudice
Racism
Prejudice
Throughout most of the 20th century, South Africa had which of the following
social characteristics?
Apartheid
Meritocracy
Caste system
Equality
Monica and Marta discuss their plans for life after school. Earlier in the day, a
guidance counselor visited their class and encouraged students to "be the best
you can be." Monica scoffed at the guidance counselor's words and told Marta,
"We're part of a minority group (Mexican immigrants). Our families don't have
much money, and we're female. The cards are stacked against us."
Monica's comments indicate which of the following sociological concepts?

5. Intersectionality
Matriarchy
Classism
Sexism
Saudi Arabia and Australia are examples of which of the following?
Middle-income countries
Low-income countries
Peripheral countries
High-income countries
Scandinavians (people who live in northern European countries including
Norway, Sweden, and Finland) are an example of which of the following?
An ethnic group
A minority group
A racial group
Which of the following statements about sexual harassment is true?
Children experience the most sexual harassment.
Sexual harassment often occurs in the workplace.
Men experience the most sexual harassment.
Sexual harassment only happens in the workplace.
According to __________, technological development and market forces drive
economic inequality.
dependency theory
the Davis Moore Thesis
the Kuznets curve
Which of the following is true of ethnic categories in the United States?

6. Ethnic categories are natural categories that reflect biological differences
between people.
Ethnic categories are socially constructed attributes that are given meaning by
people in society.
The meaning of ethnic categories in the United States is not subject to social
changes and current events.
Ethnic categories are not related to a geographic location of origin (e.g., to a
country of origin).
Emma is researching how different statuses, including race and gender, overlap
to impact overall socioeconomic status.
Emma's research pertains to which of the following theories?
Structural-functional theory
Feminist theory
Intersectionality theory
Race conflict theory
__________ refers to exploitation and domination by multinational corporations.
Modernization theory
Dependency theory
Neocolonialism
Colonialism