Here are 3 potential responses to the questions: 1. Common household chemicals like cleaners, air fresheners, and personal care products contain many different chemical components. Researching each component can help understand their individual and combined impacts on the environment if released. This knowledge helps make more informed choices about product selection and disposal. 2. Testing the effects of chemical components is important because mixtures can have properties different than their individual parts. Components that may seem harmless alone could interact in ways that harm the environment. Understanding these interactions helps identify risks and opportunities to formulate safer products. 3. Knowledge of mixtures and solutions provides a framework for analyzing complex environmental systems. The atmosphere, oceans, and soil contain many interacting substances from both natural

5. What you’ll need?
• Small soft drink bottle
• Water
• Food colouring
• 2 tablespoons of
cooking oil
• Dish washing liquid or
detergent

6. Procedure:
• Add a few drops of food colouring
to the water.
• Pour about 2 tablespoons of the
coloured water along with the 2
tablespoons of cooking oil into the
small soft drink bottle.
• Screw the lid on tight and shake
the bottle as hard as you can.
• Put the bottle back down and have
a look, it may have seemed as
though the liquids were mixing
together but the oil will float back
to the top.

8. FILTRATION
 used to separate an
insoluble solid from a liquid.
 The solid remains in the
filter paper and the liquid
goes into the beaker.
 The liquid that passes
through is the filtrate.
 The substance that is left in
the filter paper is called the
residue.
VIDEO

9. MECHANICAL SEPARATION
 Involves the use of forceps,
sieve, and other similar tools.
 Gravel and sand are
separated by picking the
gravel or passing the mixture
into a wire screen. This
process is called sieving.
 The use of magnets in
separating sulfur powder and
iron nails is appropriate when
metal is involved.
VIDEO

10. DECANTATION
 Is a method where solids of
a suspension are made to
settle down and the liquid
materials poured off.
VIDEO

11. CENTRIFUGATION
Is a motor-driven machine that
speeds up the settling of the
precipitate.
Uses the centripetal force
developed through the rotation
of the apparatus.
The rotation brings the
precipitate to the bottom of the
tube, then the centrifugate or
supernatant liquid poured off.
VIDEO

12. DISTILLATION
is the evaporation and
condensation of volatile liquids.
It uses a condenser to
transform a gas into a liquid.
The more volatile liquid boils
and evaporate first, then it is
condensed on the cooled area
of the set-up.
The distillate is the liquid
formed after condensation.
VIDEO

13. FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION
 Is a special type of distillation
used to separate a mixture of
liquids with different boiling
points.
 Different liquid boil at different
temperatures.
 When heated, they boil off and
condense at different times.
 The apparatus features a
fractioning column, which
ensures that only the liquid
boils at its boiling point will
pass through the condenser.
VIDEO

15. EASY

16. Direction: Choose the letter of
the correct answer.
1. It is a method where solids of a suspension
are made to settle down and the liquid
material is poured off.
a. Centrifugation
b. Decantation
c. Filtration

17. 2. What process involves the use of
forceps, sieve, and other similar tools?
a. Distillation
b. Filtration
c. Mechanical Separation

18. 3. ____________ is the evaporation
and condensation of volatile liquids.
a.Distillation
b. Distillate
c. Fractional Distillation

19. 4. It is used to separate an insoluble
solid from a liquid.
A .Residue
b. Filtration
c. Filtrate

20. 5. What method uses the centripetal force
developed through the rotation of the
apparatus?
a. Centrifugate
b. Centrifuge
c. Centrifugation

23. Directions: Use the describing wheel to summarize the
different methods of separating mixtures.
Methods of Separating
mixtures & solution

27. 1. Make a list of all
the household chemicals
that you use at home.
Research on the possible
effects of their
components to the
environment.

28. 2. Why is there a
need to research and
test the effects of the
components of those
substances?

29. 3. How will your
knowledge of mixtures
and solutions help you
understand the
environment?