Mumbai is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra, located on the west coast of India on the Konkan coast. It is the second most populous city in India and seventh most populous city in the world, with over 20 million residents. Mumbai was originally seven islands inhabited by Koli fishing communities, and came under control of various indigenous rulers before being ceded to Portugal and later the British East India Company. Through land reclamation projects in the 19th century, the islands were merged into a single landmass, transforming Mumbai into a major seaport.