1) Psychological horror film opening titles commonly appear over establishing shots to set the atmosphere and location. They are usually in capital letters to stand out.
2) Tracking shots are often used to introduce key characters and establish settings, while also creating mystery through obscuring characters.
3) Common shots include close-ups of characters' fearful expressions, medium shots, and extreme long shots establishing isolated, remote settings.
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As a film director, I have always been awestruck by the magic of animation. Animation, a medium once considered solely for the amusement of children, has undergone a significant transformation over the years. Its evolution from a rudimentary form of entertainment to a sophisticated form of storytelling has stirred my creativity and expanded my vision, offering limitless possibilities in the realm of cinematic storytelling.
Maximizing Your Streaming Experience with XCIPTV- Tips for 2024.pdfXtreame HDTV
In today’s digital age, streaming services have become an integral part of our entertainment lives. Among the myriad of options available, XCIPTV stands out as a premier choice for those seeking seamless, high-quality streaming. This comprehensive guide will delve into the features, benefits, and user experience of XCIPTV, illustrating why it is a top contender in the IPTV industry.
Are the X-Men Marvel or DC An In-Depth Exploration.pdfXtreame HDTV
The world of comic books is vast and filled with iconic characters, gripping storylines, and legendary rivalries. Among the most famous groups of superheroes are the X-Men. Created in the early 1960s, the X-Men have become a cultural phenomenon, featuring in comics, animated series, and blockbuster movies. A common question among newcomers to the comic book world is: Are the X-Men Marvel or DC? This article delves into the history, creators, and significant moments of the X-Men to provide a comprehensive answer.
Scandal! Teasers June 2024 on etv Forum.co.zaIsaac More
Monday, 3 June 2024
Episode 47
A friend is compelled to expose a manipulative scheme to prevent another from making a grave mistake. In a frantic bid to save Jojo, Phakamile agrees to a meeting that unbeknownst to her, will seal her fate.
Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Episode 48
A mother, with her son's best interests at heart, finds him unready to heed her advice. Motshabi finds herself in an unmanageable situation, sinking fast like in quicksand.
Wednesday, 5 June 2024
Episode 49
A woman fabricates a diabolical lie to cover up an indiscretion. Overwhelmed by guilt, she makes a spontaneous confession that could be devastating to another heart.
Thursday, 6 June 2024
Episode 50
Linda unwittingly discloses damning information. Nhlamulo and Vuvu try to guide their friend towards the right decision.
Friday, 7 June 2024
Episode 51
Jojo's life continues to spiral out of control. Dintle weaves a web of lies to conceal that she is not as successful as everyone believes.
Monday, 10 June 2024
Episode 52
A heated confrontation between lovers leads to a devastating admission of guilt. Dintle's desperation takes a new turn, leaving her with dwindling options.
Tuesday, 11 June 2024
Episode 53
Unable to resort to violence, Taps issues a verbal threat, leaving Mdala unsettled. A sister must explain her life choices to regain her brother's trust.
Wednesday, 12 June 2024
Episode 54
Winnie makes a very troubling discovery. Taps follows through on his threat, leaving a woman reeling. Layla, oblivious to the truth, offers an incentive.
Thursday, 13 June 2024
Episode 55
A nosy relative arrives just in time to thwart a man's fatal decision. Dintle manipulates Khanyi to tug at Mo's heartstrings and get what she wants.
Friday, 14 June 2024
Episode 56
Tlhogi is shocked by Mdala's reaction following the revelation of their indiscretion. Jojo is in disbelief when the punishment for his crime is revealed.
Monday, 17 June 2024
Episode 57
A woman reprimands another to stay in her lane, leading to a damning revelation. A man decides to leave his broken life behind.
Tuesday, 18 June 2024
Episode 58
Nhlamulo learns that due to his actions, his worst fears have come true. Caiphus' extravagant promises to suppliers get him into trouble with Ndu.
Wednesday, 19 June 2024
Episode 59
A woman manages to kill two birds with one stone. Business doom looms over Chillax. A sobering incident makes a woman realize how far she's fallen.
Thursday, 20 June 2024
Episode 60
Taps' offer to help Nhlamulo comes with hidden motives. Caiphus' new ideas for Chillax have MaHilda excited. A blast from the past recognizes Dintle, not for her newfound fame.
Friday, 21 June 2024
Episode 61
Taps is hungry for revenge and finds a rope to hang Mdala with. Chillax's new job opportunity elicits mixed reactions from the public. Roommates' initial meeting starts off on the wrong foot.
Monday, 24 June 2024
Episode 62
Taps seizes new information and recruits someone on the inside. Mary's new job
Skeem Saam in June 2024 available on ForumIsaac More
Monday, June 3, 2024 - Episode 241: Sergeant Rathebe nabs a top scammer in Turfloop. Meikie is furious at her uncle's reaction to the truth about Ntswaki.
Tuesday, June 4, 2024 - Episode 242: Babeile uncovers the truth behind Rathebe’s latest actions. Leeto's announcement shocks his employees, and Ntswaki’s ordeal haunts her family.
Wednesday, June 5, 2024 - Episode 243: Rathebe blocks Babeile from investigating further. Melita warns Eunice to stay clear of Mr. Kgomo.
Thursday, June 6, 2024 - Episode 244: Tbose surrenders to the police while an intruder meddles in his affairs. Rathebe's secret mission faces a setback.
Friday, June 7, 2024 - Episode 245: Rathebe’s antics reach Kganyago. Tbose dodges a bullet, but a nightmare looms. Mr. Kgomo accuses Melita of witchcraft.
Monday, June 10, 2024 - Episode 246: Ntswaki struggles on her first day back at school. Babeile is stunned by Rathebe’s romance with Bullet Mabuza.
Tuesday, June 11, 2024 - Episode 247: An unexpected turn halts Rathebe’s investigation. The press discovers Mr. Kgomo’s affair with a young employee.
Wednesday, June 12, 2024 - Episode 248: Rathebe chases a criminal, resorting to gunfire. Turf High is rife with tension and transfer threats.
Thursday, June 13, 2024 - Episode 249: Rathebe traps Kganyago. John warns Toby to stop harassing Ntswaki.
Friday, June 14, 2024 - Episode 250: Babeile is cleared to investigate Rathebe. Melita gains Mr. Kgomo’s trust, and Jacobeth devises a financial solution.
Monday, June 17, 2024 - Episode 251: Rathebe feels the pressure as Babeile closes in. Mr. Kgomo and Eunice clash. Jacobeth risks her safety in pursuit of Kganyago.
Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - Episode 252: Bullet Mabuza retaliates against Jacobeth. Pitsi inadvertently reveals his parents’ plans. Nkosi is shocked by Khwezi’s decision on LJ’s future.
Wednesday, June 19, 2024 - Episode 253: Jacobeth is ensnared in deceit. Evelyn is stressed over Toby’s case, and Letetswe reveals shocking academic results.
Thursday, June 20, 2024 - Episode 254: Elizabeth learns Jacobeth is in Mpumalanga. Kganyago's past is exposed, and Lehasa discovers his son is in KZN.
Friday, June 21, 2024 - Episode 255: Elizabeth confirms Jacobeth’s dubious activities in Mpumalanga. Rathebe lies about her relationship with Bullet, and Jacobeth faces theft accusations.
Monday, June 24, 2024 - Episode 256: Rathebe spies on Kganyago. Lehasa plans to retrieve his son from KZN, fearing what awaits.
Tuesday, June 25, 2024 - Episode 257: MaNtuli fears for Kwaito’s safety in Mpumalanga. Mr. Kgomo and Melita reconcile.
Wednesday, June 26, 2024 - Episode 258: Kganyago makes a bold escape. Elizabeth receives a shocking message from Kwaito. Mrs. Khoza defends her husband against scam accusations.
Thursday, June 27, 2024 - Episode 259: Babeile's skillful arrest changes the game. Tbose and Kwaito face a hostage crisis.
Friday, June 28, 2024 - Episode 260: Two women face the reality of being scammed. Turf is rocked by breaking
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philos...Rodney Thomas Jr
#SSAPhilosophy #DjangoUnchained #DjangoFreeman #ExistentialPhilosophy #Freedom #Identity #Justice #Courage #Rebellion #Transformation
Welcome to SSA Philosophy, your ultimate destination for diving deep into the profound philosophies of iconic characters from video games, movies, and TV shows. In this episode, we explore the powerful journey and existential philosophy of Django Freeman from Quentin Tarantino’s masterful film, "Django Unchained," in our video titled, "From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philosophy of Django Freeman!"
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained – The Philosophy of Django Freeman!
Join me as we delve into the existential philosophy of Django Freeman, uncovering the profound lessons and timeless wisdom his character offers. Through his story, we find inspiration in the power of choice, the quest for justice, and the courage to defy oppression. Django Freeman’s philosophy is a testament to the human spirit’s unyielding drive for freedom and justice.
Don’t forget to like, comment, and subscribe to SSA Philosophy for more in-depth explorations of the philosophies behind your favorite characters. Hit the notification bell to stay updated on our latest videos. Let’s discover the principles that shape these icons and the profound lessons they offer.
Django Freeman’s story is one of the most compelling narratives of transformation and empowerment in cinema. A former slave turned relentless bounty hunter, Django’s journey is not just a physical liberation but an existential quest for identity, justice, and retribution. This video delves into the core philosophical elements that define Django’s character and the profound choices he makes throughout his journey.
Link to video: https://youtu.be/GszqrXk38qk
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Tom Selleck Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysisgreendigital
Over several decades, Tom Selleck, a name synonymous with charisma. From his iconic role as Thomas Magnum in the television series "Magnum, P.I." to his enduring presence in "Blue Bloods," Selleck has captivated audiences with his versatility and charm. As a result, "Tom Selleck net worth" has become a topic of great interest among fans. and financial enthusiasts alike. This article delves deep into Tom Selleck's wealth, exploring his career, assets, endorsements. and business ventures that contribute to his impressive economic standing.
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Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Foundation of Tom Selleck's Wealth
Born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, Tom Selleck grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. His journey towards building a large net worth began with humble origins. , Selleck pursued a business administration degree at the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. But, his interest shifted towards acting. leading him to study at the Hills Playhouse under Milton Katselas.
Minor roles in television and films marked Selleck's early career. He appeared in commercials and took on small parts in T.V. series such as "The Dating Game" and "Lancer." These initial steps, although modest. laid the groundwork for his future success and the growth of Tom Selleck net worth. Breakthrough with "Magnum, P.I."
The Role that Defined Tom Selleck's Career
Tom Selleck's breakthrough came with the role of Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series "Magnum, P.I." (1980-1988). This role made him a household name and boosted his net worth. The series' popularity resulted in Selleck earning large salaries. leading to financial stability and increased recognition in Hollywood.
"Magnum P.I." garnered high ratings and critical acclaim during its run. Selleck's portrayal of the charming and resourceful private investigator resonated with audiences. making him one of the most beloved television actors of the 1980s. The success of "Magnum P.I." played a pivotal role in shaping Tom Selleck net worth, establishing him as a major star.
Film Career and Diversification
Expanding Tom Selleck's Financial Portfolio
While "Magnum, P.I." was a cornerstone of Selleck's career, he did not limit himself to television. He ventured into films, further enhancing Tom Selleck net worth. His filmography includes notable movies such as "Three Men and a Baby" (1987). which became the highest-grossing film of the year, and its sequel, "Three Men and a Little Lady" (1990). These box office successes contributed to his wealth.
Selleck's versatility allowed him to transition between genres. from comedies like "Mr. Baseball" (1992) to westerns such as "Quigley Down Under" (1990). This diversification showcased his acting range. and provided many income streams, reinforcing Tom Selleck net worth.
Television Resurgence with "Blue Bloods"
Sustaining Wealth through Consistent Success
In 2010, Tom Selleck began starring as Frank Reagan i
From the Editor's Desk: 115th Father's day Celebration - When we see Father's day in Hindu context, Nanda Baba is the most vivid figure which comes to the mind. Nanda Baba who was the foster father of Lord Krishna is known to provide love, care and affection to Lord Krishna and Balarama along with his wife Yashoda; Letter’s to the Editor: Mother's Day - Mother is a precious life for their children. Mother is life breath for her children. Mother's lap is the world happiness whose debt can never be paid.
In the vast landscape of cinema, stories have been told, retold, and reimagined in countless ways. At the heart of this narrative evolution lies the concept of a "remake". A successful remake allows us to revisit cherished tales through a fresh lens, often reflecting a different era's perspective or harnessing the power of advanced technology. Yet, the question remains, what makes a remake successful? Today, we will delve deeper into this subject, identifying the key ingredients that contribute to the success of a remake.
Panchayat Season 3 - Official Trailer.pdfSuleman Rana
The dearest series "Panchayat" is set to make a victorious return with its third season, and the fervor is discernible. The authority trailer, delivered on May 28, guarantees one more enamoring venture through the country heartland of India.
Jitendra Kumar keeps on sparkling as Abhishek Tripathi, the city-reared engineer who ends up functioning as the secretary of the Panchayat office in the curious town of Phulera. His nuanced depiction of a young fellow exploring the difficulties of country life while endeavoring to adjust to his new environmental factors has earned far and wide recognition.
Neena Gupta and Raghubir Yadav return as Manju Devi and Brij Bhushan Dubey, separately. Their dynamic science and immaculate acting rejuvenate the hardships of town administration. Gupta's depiction of the town Pradhan with an ever-evolving outlook, matched with Yadav's carefully prepared exhibition, adds profundity and credibility to the story.
New Difficulties and Experiences
The trailer indicates new difficulties anticipating the characters, as Abhishek keeps on wrestling with his part in the town and his yearnings for a superior future. The series has reliably offset humor with social editorial, and Season 3 looks ready to dig much more profound into the intricacies of rustic organization and self-awareness.
Watchers can hope to see a greater amount of the enchanting and particular residents who have become fan top picks. Their connections and the one of a kind cut of-life situations give a reviving and interesting portrayal of provincial India, featuring the two its appeal and its difficulties.
A Mix of Humor and Heart
One of the signs of "Panchayat" is its capacity to mix humor with sincere narrating. The trailer features minutes that guarantee to convey giggles, as well as scenes that pull at the heartstrings. This equilibrium has been a critical calculate the show's prosperity, resounding with crowds across different socioeconomics.
Creation Greatness
The creation quality remaining parts first rate, with the beautiful setting of Phulera town filling in as a scenery that upgrades the narrating. The meticulousness in portraying provincial life, joined with sharp composition and solid exhibitions, guarantees that "Panchayat" keeps on hanging out in the packed web series scene.
Expectation and Delivery
As the delivery date draws near, expectation for "Panchayat" Season 3 is at a record-breaking high. The authority trailer has previously created critical buzz, with fans enthusiastically anticipating the continuation of Abhishek Tripathi's excursion and the new undertakings that lie ahead in Phulera.
All in all, the authority trailer for "Panchayat" Season 3 recommends that watchers are in for another drawing in and engaging ride. Yet again with its charming characters, convincing story, and ideal mix of humor and show, the new season is set to enamor crowds. Write in your schedules and prepare to get back to the endearing universe of "Panchayat."
2. Opening Titles The opening titles of a film are very important as they help to introduce the film, and often the way they are done sets the atmosphere and mood or shows the setting. I have analysed some opening titles of some psychological horror films to work out the typical or common ways in which titles are introduced in this genre of film. The first opening title I have analysed is from the film ‘The Shining’. Here is an example of how the titles open in this film: The titles in ‘The Shining’ open over the image. Before the titles are brought in the camera establishes the setting, with extreme long shots of the river and mountains, then goes in to follow a car a long a road. After the atmosphere and setting has been established slightly by a viewer the titles are brought in. The font of theses titles is not particularly bold or striking, and are in blue which is not thought to be typical of a psychological horror film. The setting is still being established as the titles are being brought in. The titles do not stand out a lot against the background, although they are in capital letters and so are shown to be important.
3. In contrast with ‘The Shining’, ‘The Butterfly Effect’ opens firstly with a quote relating to the storyline of the film and the film idea. It shows the quote simply as a white font on a black background. The plain black background means the whole focus is on the quote and there is no distraction away from this. After this, there is an introduction to the film with a bit of the storyline being shown, this is before the title of the film has been introduced. The title that is shown appears over the image, again in a white font, and the background, although it is the image, is dark still. The title is the name of the Production company and is the only title that appears in this part of the film. This, and the reason the title includes the word ‘Presents’, shows how the film is presenting the whole film and also the actor. A tracking shot follows the actor in this part of the film, he is quite obscured as he on the other side of windows covered by blinds, in the idea of the narrative this could show that this character is going to be key in the rest of the film. The main title of the film is brought in at 1:44, and remains on the screen for 15 seconds, before the image of the skull/butterfly fades away and the words of the title are left for a second later whilst fading in to an image of the rest of the film. This title is different to that of ‘The Shining’ as it is not over an image of the actual film, it is not establishing setting as much as the psychological mood of the film, the effect of it being over black makes it much more striking and seem more important to an audience, the pale blue colour also stands out against the black. Again the title is in capital letters, showing it to be of importance.
4. From the film ‘Secret Window’ the first title of the Production company is brought in after 2 minutes and 34 seconds, where the main character has already been introduced, and part of the storyline has been shown to make the audience ask questions about what will happen in the rest of the film. The titles in this film are brought in over the image again, establishing the setting and are in capital letters to stand out. The main title of ‘Secret Window’ opens over the image, it appears in white then slowly fades into red. The colour red connotes danger and warning to the audience. The title is again in capital letters, showing the audience that it is important and so that they will remember it. It seems to be common in psychological horror films to have the title appearing over the image, which means setting is being established as the titles are introduced. In some cases however, the titles are brought in often over a black background, which makes the titles stand out, and often in this case the titles are used to establish the mood of the film instead of the setting. Titles also are commonly shown in capital letters, this makes them seem important and vital to the film, as well as standing out and enabling the audience to remember them. Titles usually last on screen for around 4 seconds and are placed either in the centre of the screen or at the bottom.
5. Camera Movement This shot from ‘The Shining’ is a tracking shot of a man walking across a lobby. This kind of shot tells the audience that this character is key in the film, it also helps establish the location and area the character is in, as it is a long shot. By following this characters movement and audience learns that this character will be important in the rest of the film, the character seems to be confident as he is taking long strides and looking around him strongly as he walks; this confidence could connote this character as the hero in the film. ‘The Butterfly Effect’ uses a similar technique, however it is different in many ways. It also uses a tracking shot to follow a character who the audience will realise is key in the film. However, in this shot the character is obscured by windows and blinds, this obscurity could connote that the character is not all they seem to be and that there is another layer to them. It could also be used to build suspense and fear of the unknown in the audience. The obscurity of this character could connote that he may be the villain or perhaps he is the hero but his mind is the villain, as in this film he battles with his mind. The way he is hidden could be showing his own battle within himself between right and wrong.
6. A zooming shot is used in ‘The Butterfly Effect’ from a high angle, the high angle shot shows the character to be less scary and intimidating, however the character having their back to the camera creates an idea of mystery. The camera zooms in to the character, showing them to be key, and it also goes through the mirror, connoting an entering of the character’s mind or life. The camera then reaches the character and the angle becomes lower. A zooming shot in the psychological horror genre is effective as it is like taking the audience into the life or mind of the character which is much what these kind of films are based around. A zooming shot is also used in ‘The Others’, however this time it is a clockwise rotating zooming out shot. It is very effective in this scene, as in the film the woman has just woken up from a bad dream and lets out a scream, where the camera starts off on its side and close to her face, helping the audience to relate to her fear, the camera then rotates and zooms out, the rotation causes slight confusion and then realisation as the camera turns the right way up, almost representing the woman realising that she has woken up and the dream isn’t real. The camera then comes out further and is the right way up as the woman calms down. This technique helps the audience to relate to the emotions of the woman and feel what she is feeling, which seems to be a common technique in the psychological horror genre.
7. Framing of Shots Here are some examples of shots from several psychological horror films, ‘The Others’ (top and bottom left), ‘The Ring’ (top right) and ‘Hide and Seek’ (bottom right). Throughout these films there are many close ups of character’s faces, which focus on their facial expressions and emotions; these commonly seem to be expressions of shock, fear, panic or thought. I think it’s important in this genre of film to have close up shots of the characters, as much of the fear in the audience relies on the emotions of the characters within the film, who they connect with the action through.
8. This shot from ‘The Others’ is a medium shot at a low angle. With the woman being on the left and looking up at the ceiling behind her, the audience follow her movement and do the same, an effective technique for building suspense and mystery. This shot from ‘The Ring’ is a Point-of-View (POV) shot. Similarly to the shot above, it shows what the character is looking at, but it differs as it is actually from the characters point-of-view, so the audience is seeing exactly as the character is. This is essentially effective in almost the same way as the previous shot in the way that it builds suspense, and also fear in an audience. I also noticed that these shots will come in slowly so as to give the audience time to think about what’s going to happen next.
9. This shot from ‘Hide and Seek’ shows an extreme long shot of a road, and the camera is following a car with its main characters in it. This shot is establishing setting and also taking the audience on a journey with the characters, showing them part of their lives. Similarly, this shot from ‘The Shining’ also shows an extreme long shot of a road and a car being followed by the camera. These kind of shots seem to be quite common in this genre of film, perhaps to show the surroundings of where the action will take place, and the locations often seem to be very remote, for example the mountains and woods in this shot, and the trees and cliff in the previous shot. This is a long-shot from ‘The Ring’ of an old house, it is a typical kind of location from a psychological horror film; it is night time and the house is big and old, as well as the old tree on the left which are also often related to this genre. It is also raining in this shot. The shot is establishing the location as well as representing the idea of the windows being the eyes of the house. This idea connotes how psychological horror films often take you through a person’s eyes and into their mind, when the shot enters the house to the action of the film. ‘Secret Window’ also has a similar long shot of an old house in a remote area. It differs as it is day time, however the trees and low angle of the shot is similar to the previous shot, the low angle makes the house appear bigger and more intimidating. Again the idea of entering a person’s mind, by entering the house through a window, in this case a ‘secret window’ is brought out in the following shots of this part of the film.
10. Camera Angles Low angles are used in both these shots, they can be used to give the feeling of speed and movement, this feeling of motion is brought out in both of these shots. The low angle also erupts feelings of confusion and powerlessness in the viewer within the action of the scene, and the height of the objects or characters create fear and insecurity in a viewer. An audience may feel psychologically dominated by the action in the scene. The background in the shot on the left is not very detailed, which adds to the disorientation of the audience, leading to more insecurity. I also found that many angles in this genre are just on eye-level, especially when there are around three or four people in a shot, shown in these two shots on the left. This enables an audience to see all the characters and their importance within the scene; important characters will usually be stood apart from the others, for example in the shot on the right the key woman is stood opposite the other three characters looking at them, she also appears taller, showing her higher status and perhaps power over them.
11. Mise-en-Scene In terms of setting and location I discovered that a lot of psychological horror films start off in everyday locations and situations that people may find themselves in, many of these are domestic; such as the two locations shown in the shots on the left. Both of these shots are set in the bedrooms of the characters, in everyday situations. This way of starting out the film in a location or situation an audience can identify with forces them into a false sense of security that it is safe. It can also be used to build fear, as the audience may be waiting for something to happen . The lighting in these shots is low-key, conveying the idea of evening or night time, a common time of day for the start of a psychological horror film to be set in. Darkness is often associated with fear or the unknown and a less safe time than day time when everything is light and there are more people around. Low-key lighting creates stronger contrast between light and shadows, these shadows obscuring certain areas of the scene; this obscurity connects with the feeling of unknowing what’s around or what’s going to happen next. This kind of lighting is often used to create suspense and connote evil, or sinister characters/events.
12. The costume in this genre seems to generally be that of ordinary, everyday clothing, which tells us something about the characters and their backgrounds. For example; the girls in the shot above are wearing school uniforms, showing them to be teenagers who go to school. The outfits of the people in the shots on the right are also everyday clothes. Characters tend to be white, and generally of middle class; shown by their houses and location of where they live, typically suburban areas.
13. Editing Directions In terms of editing of cuts, I have noticed that in this genre of film there are a lot of reverse shots, with shortened cutting rhythm. This draws the audience’s concentration to the smallest details in the scene, as well as suspending their enjoyment. The small details may include facial expression, objects, environment etc.
14. Also in terms of editing, I noticed Reaction Shots are often used in this genre to create suspense. There is often a shot of a significant object, for example the doorknob in the top left shot and the clock in the top right shot. These objects could mark an upcoming important event, or symbolise a significant theme in the film. These shots are then followed by the ‘reaction’ of the participant in the film, expressions of fear, concern, confusion and shock are common on the participant’s faces during these reaction shots.
15. Sound Techniques In a lot of psychological horror films, diegetic sounds like rain are used often to create mood and atmosphere, for example in ‘The Ring’, the girls are sitting in the bedroom and the sound of rain, and also a very quiet sound of TV noise is playing. These diegetic sounds tend to set the scene and help the audience to settle into the mood of the film. In terms of non-diegetic sound, music is also used often and very effectively in this genre. It is used mostly to create atmosphere and mood, which typically seem to the eerie and creepy. An example of this is in ‘Hide and Seek’ where the strange music makes a perfectly ordinary situation seem strange and uncertain. The music is also carried over more than one scene creating a sound-bridge, which also connects the two scenes to each other.
16. Narrative Theories The narrative theories I think apply to the films I have studied are mainly; Claude Levi Strauss’ and Todorov’s. However, in ways Propp’s theory also applies but not in its original form. For example in terms of Strauss’ idea of binary oppositions, many of the films within the psychological horror genre that I researched displayed this concept; there are many ideas of good and bad, in ‘Hide and Seek’ the good side is presented through the innocent girl and the father’s usual self, and the bad side is presented through the father’s bad side and his actions due to an illness corrupting his personality. ‘The Others’ also displays concepts of good and bad, through the idea of alive and dead; the main family are firstly presented as good as the audience believe they are alive, but later the audience find out they are dead, and so question whether the family is good or bad. Light and dark and night and day also apply to most films in this genre, where night and dark are presented as being the time of danger in contrast with day and light which are safer. In terms of Todorov’s theory, a lot of films can also be applied to these ideas; ‘The Ring’ presents an equilibrium in the functional storyline at the beginning of the film, the famous ‘tape’ is presented as the disruption of the equilibrium, as it disrupts the functionality of the film and people start to realise that the tape is dangerous and try to put a stop to it. Similar to in ‘Hide and Seek’ where the bad side is presented through the father’s illness, Propp’s theory of types of characters including heroes and villains is also shown. For example, in ‘The Secret Window’ the protagonist is presented as the hero, trying to save the life of the girl he loves (who could be seen as the heroin), and his brain disorder is presented as the villain, opposing himself and causing conflict within the film. In many ways Propp’s theory applies, however it is just applied in a different way to the typical folk tales, the different types, especially villains, are not always actual people but sometimes events/illnesses/personality traits or other factors that oppose the hero, who is generally the protagonist faced with a difficult task.