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5. 2 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
Contents
Preface to Mastering Cantonese............................................................................................................................ 8
Preface to 30-Day Language Challenge Series...................................................................................................10
About the Author:............................................................................................................................................... 12
Our Story ............................................................................................................................................................ 14
David’s Video Courses in Udemy: .....................................................................................................................15
David Yao Amazon Kindle Author Central page ...............................................................................................16
Books by David YAO at Apple Book Store:......................................................................................................17
The new HSK (Chinese Proficiency Test) Introduction:....................................................................................18
II. Test Levels................................................................................................................................................. 18
I. Test Target .................................................................................................................................................. 20
HSK Speaking Test (HSKK) .............................................................................................................................. 21
Youth Chinese Test............................................................................................................................................. 26
Business Chinese Test ........................................................................................................................................ 30
Medical Chinese Proficiency Test (MCT)ॱᆜ≿䈣≪ᒩ㘹䈋 ..........................................................................33
Annotations ḽ⌞: ............................................................................................................................................. 37
Chapter 1. Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 38
A. Overview of Cantonese language..............................................................................................................38
B. Importance of phonetics in language learning...........................................................................................40
C. Objectives of the guide.............................................................................................................................. 43
D. A Brief History of Cantonese Romanization.............................................................................................45
1 First Romanization Scheme: Morrison Romanization 傢⽲䙀ᤲ丩ᯯṾ.............................................45
2 Pinyin System Adopted by the Hong Kong Government 俏⑥᭵ᓒ䟽⭞Ⲻᤲ丩㌱㔕 ...........................46
3 The Guangdong Romanization Scheme ᒵђᤲ丩ᯯṾ..........................................................................47
4 Huang Yingling Scheme 哺䦐ࠂᯯṾ.....................................................................................................47
5 Yale Romanization Scheme 㙬劷ᤲ丩ᯯṾ............................................................................................47
6 Education College Cantonese Romanization Scheme ᮏ㛨ᆜ䲘㋚䈣ᤲ丩ᯯṾ.....................................48
7 Cantonese Romanization Scheme ㋚䈣ᤲ丩ᯯṾ...................................................................................48
8 Liu Xixiang Romanization Scheme ࡎ䭗⾛(Sidney Lau)ᤲ丩ᯯṾ .......................................................49
9 Edward P.H. Woo Romanization Scheme 㜗Ⲵ⟏ᤲ丩ᯯṾ ..................................................................49
p g
Books by David YAO at Apple Book Store:......................................................................................................17
The new HSK (Chinese Proficiency Test) Introduction:.
..
.........................
.
.
. ..........................................................18
II. Test Levels...................................................
.
.
.................
.
.
........................
........................................................ 18
I. Test Target ..............................................
. ................
.
.............
.
...............
. .
..
. ........................................................ 20
HSK Speaking Test (HSKK) .....................
..................
............
..
. ..........
.
..
..
.
. ................................................................ 21
Youth Chinese Test................................
...................................................
.
.
............................................................ 26
Business Chinese Test ....................................................................
...
.
..
. .................................................................. 30
Medical Chinese Proficiency Test (MC
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CT)ॱᆜ≿䈣
䈣≪
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≪
≪ᒩ㘹䈋 ..
..
..
................
.
.
...........................................................33
Annotations ḽ⌞: ...................................
..
......................................
..
..
. ................................................................... 37
Chapter 1. Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 38
A. Overview of Cantonese language..............................................................................................................38
B. Importance of phonetics in language learning...........................................................................................40
C. Objectives of
f
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...........................................45
2 Pinyin System Adopted by the Hong Kong Government 俏⑥᭵ᓒ䟽⭞Ⲻᤲ丩㌱㔕 ...........................46

6. 3 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
Chapter 2. Basics of Cantonese Pronunciation...................................................................................................51
A. Introduction to Cantonese tones ................................................................................................................51
1. Overview of Cantonese tonal system......................................................................................................51
2. Explanation of six tones..........................................................................................................................54
3. Phonetic Practice..................................................................................................................................... 57
B. Understanding Initial sounds.....................................................................................................................68
1. Description of Cantonese Initial inventory .............................................................................................68
2. Pronunciation tips and common challenges............................................................................................70
3. Examples and practice exercises.............................................................................................................71
C. Exploring Finals ........................................................................................................................................ 93
1. Overview of Cantonese Finals inventory................................................................................................93
2. Examples and practice exercises.............................................................................................................95
3. Pronunciation tips and common challenges for Finals .........................................................................109
4 More Practice for Finals......................................................................................................................... 127
Chapter 3. Practical Application for Vocabulary with Changing tones............................................................148
Chapter 4: Basic ABC....................................................................................................................................... 164
“to Be” “ᱥ shi ” Sentence Pattern............................................................................................................... 164
How to ask question..................................................................................................................................... 165
Basic grammar: Tense ൞ zài – doing sth.....................................................................................................169
Basic grammar: “્ joh2”did. ..................................................................................................................... 170
Basic grammar: The plurals ......................................................................................................................... 171
Chinese sentence order - Understand Chinese in 1 Minute! ........................................................................172
Comparative Sentence ∊䖹ਛ Bӿjiào jù......................................................................................................175
Interrogative sentence ⯇䰤ਛ Yíwènjù...................................................................................................177
Yes and no questions ᱥ䶔䰤ਛ VKuIƝLZqQM......................................................................................178
Specific question ⢯᤽䰤ਛ Tè zhӿ wèn jù...........................................................................................178
Selective question 䘿᤟䰤ਛ Xuӽnzé wèn jù .......................................................................................179
Positive and negative questions ↙ਃ䰤ਛ Zhèng fӽn wèn jù..............................................................179
Imperative Sentence ⽾ֵਛ 4tVKӿM.......................................................................................................181
Tense ᰬᘷ shí tài................................................................................................................................. 182
Change tense: use the dynamic auxiliary word Ҽ “્”........................................................................182
Past tense: use the dynamic auxiliary word ્
્ joh2 .............................................................................183
3. Examples and practice exercises.............................................................................................................71
C. Exploring Finals ........................................................................................................................................ 93
1. Overview of Cantonese Finals inventory.........
.
..
.
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..
.
.
.......................................................................93
2. Examples and practice exercises..............
.
. ...............
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..
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........................................................95
3. Pronunciation tips and common chall
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.........................................................109
4 More Practice for Finals.................
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.........
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..
.
.
................................................................... 127
Chapter 3. Practical Application for Voc
oc
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Chapter 4: Basic ABC....................................................................
..
.
..
.
. ................................................................. 164
“to Be” “ᱥ shi ” Sentence Pattern..
.
.
.........................
.
. ..............
.
.
..
....................................................................... 164
How to ask question............................
.
...
. ......................................
..
..
................................................................. 165
Basic grammar: Tense ൞ zài – doing sth.............
...
..
....
......................................................................................169
Basic grammar: “્ joh2”did. ..................................................................................................................... 170
Basic grammar: The plurals ......................................................................................................................... 171
Chinese sentence order - Understand Chinese in 1 Minute! ........................................................................172
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Yes and no questions ᱥ䶔䰤ਛ VKuIƝLZqQM......................................................................................178
S ifi ti ⢯᤽䰤ਛ Tè hӿ è jù 178

7. 4 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
Adverbs of time ᰬ䰪ࢥ䈃φᐨ㔅............................................................................................................ 185
Progressive Tense 䘑㺂ᰬᘷ Jìnxíng shí tài.........................................................................................188
Chapter 5: Phonetic Practice and Thematic Vocabulary Expansion.................................................................193
Numbers:...................................................................................................................................................... 193
Times ........................................................................................................................................................ 196
Ordinal numbers ....................................................................................................................................... 196
Months: ........................................................................................................................................................ 198
Dates:............................................................................................................................................................ 198
Days of the week:......................................................................................................................................... 199
More Time Expression................................................................................................................................. 200
Colours......................................................................................................................................................... 202
Conjunctions ................................................................................................................................................ 203
G. Conjunctions Others............................................................................................................................ 204
You and Me, This and That.......................................................................................................................... 205
Countries ...................................................................................................................................................... 206
Nationalities ................................................................................................................................................. 207
Feeling.......................................................................................................................................................... 208
Direction and Location................................................................................................................................. 210
Common Adjectives..................................................................................................................................... 211
(a) PEOPLE SITUATION.................................................................................................................... 213
(b) CONTITON SHAPE....................................................................................................................... 217
Common Verbs ............................................................................................................................................ 219
Often Used Phrases ...................................................................................................................................... 227
Chapter 6. Cultural Insights-300 Conversational Sentences............................................................................236
01 Basic ABC............................................................................................................................................... 236
02 Greeting ለᲺ䰤ُ hon4 huen1 man6 hau6..........................................................................................236
03 Date Time ᰛᵕૂᰬ䰪 yat5 kei4 woh4 si4 gaan3 .............................................................................264
04 Feeling ᝕㿿 gam2 gok3........................................................................................................................ 269
05 Chit Chat 㚀ཟ liu4 tin1......................................................................................................................... 277
06 Hobby ⡧ླ oi3 ho2............................................................................................................................... 305
07 Shopping 䍣⢟ kau3 mat5....................................................................................................................... 307
08 Ask the Way 䰤䐥 man6 lo6 ................................................................................................................... 322
Days of the week:......................................................................................................................................... 199
More Time Expression........................................................
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Countries ..........................................
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Nationalities ..............................................................................
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Direction and Location.......................
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Common Adjectives.....................................
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(a) PEOPLE SITUATION.................................................................................................................... 213
(b) CONTITON SHAPE....................................................................................................................... 217
Common Verbs ............................................................................................................................................ 219
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02 Greeting ለᲺ䰤ُ hon4 huen1 man6 hau6..........................................................................................236

8. 5 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
09 Food Culture 侤伕ᮽौ yam2 sik5 man4 fa3 .........................................................................................333
10 Bank 䬬㺂 ngan4 hong4.......................................................................................................................... 341
11 Airport ᵰ൰ gei1 cheung4...................................................................................................................... 346
More Related Products ᴪཐ⴮ީҜ㊃ૂ䈴ぁ.................................................................................................359
Online Live Group Classes............................................................................................................................... 360
IB Chinese HL Group Lesson online ...........................................................................................................360
IB Chinese SL Group................................................................................................................................... 361
IB Mandarin ab initio Group........................................................................................................................ 362
IGCSE Chinese (0523)................................................................................................................................. 363
IGCSE Chinese (0547)................................................................................................................................. 364
HSK Skype Online Lesson........................................................................................................................... 365
Spoken Chinese in 30 Days- Group 1 ..........................................................................................................366
Spoken Chinese in 30 Days- Group 2 ..........................................................................................................367
China Official Chinese Proficiency Test (HSK) and Subsets......................................................................368
Notation:....................................................................................................................................................... 368
KDP- 3038 Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary for Fundamental Level...................................................368
KDP- 3841 Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary for Intermediate Level....................................................369
KDP- 4736 Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary for Expert Level.............................................................369
KDP- 5996 Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary for Master Level.............................................................370
KDP- Intermediate Chinese Grammar 2021 Edition ................................................................................370
KDP- Fundamental Chinese Grammar 2021 Edition................................................................................371
KDP- Advance Chinese Grammar (HSK 1-6 V2021)..............................................................................371
KDP- Expert Chinese Grammar 2021 Edition ≿䈣≪ᒩ㘹䈋ཝᐾ㓝䈣⌋.............................................372
Cambridge IGCSE Chinese .............................................................................................................................. 372
Notation:....................................................................................................................................................... 372
CIE IGCSE First Language (0509)................................................................................................................... 373
KDP- Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary for CIE IGCSE 0509 (4040 words)............................................373
KDP- CIE IGCSE Chinese Grammar (0509 First Language)......................................................................373
CIE IGCSE Second Language (0523) .............................................................................................................. 374
KDP- Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary for CIE IGCSE 0523 (3841 words)............................................374
KDP- 4040 Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary for Advance Level.............................................................375
KDP- CIE IGCSE Chinese Grammar (0523 Second Language)..................................................................375
IB Mandarin ab initio Group........................................................................................................................ 362
IGCSE Chinese (0523)................................................................................................................................. 363
IGCSE Chinese (0547)..................................................
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KDP- 3038 Theme-based Chines
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KDP- 3841 Theme-based Chinese
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KDP- 4736 Theme-based Chinese Vo
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KDP- 5996 Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary f
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KDP- Intermediate Chinese Grammar 2021 Edition ................................................................................370
KDP- Fundamental Chinese Grammar 2021 Edition................................................................................371
KDP- Advance Chinese Grammar (HSK 1-6 V2021)..............................................................................371
KDP- Expert
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Notation:....................................................................................................................................................... 372
CIE IGCSE Fi L (0509) 373

9. 6 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
KDP- CIE IGCSE Chinese Vocabulary (0523 Second Language) ..............................................................376
KDP-CIE IGCSE Chinese (0523 Second Language) 2500 Classified Vocabulary .....................................376
CIE IGCSE Foreign Language (0547).............................................................................................................. 377
KDP- Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary for CIE IGCSE 0547 (3038 words)............................................377
KDP- CIE IGCSE Chinese Grammar (0547 Foreign Language).................................................................377
KDP- CIE IGCSE Chinese Vocabulary (Foreign Language 0547) V2022-2024 ........................................378
Pearson Edexcel IGCSE Chinese GCSE Chinese....................................................................................379
Notation:....................................................................................................................................................... 379
Edexcel A LEVEL Chinese 9CN0-01,02,03 (OLD 6CN0) .............................................................................379
KDP- Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary for Edexcel GCE A Level 9CN0 (4733 words)..........................379
KDP- Edexcel A Level Chinese Grammar (9CN0) V2021..........................................................................380
Edexcel AS Chinese 8CN0-01,02,03 (OLD 6CN0)..........................................................................................380
KDP- Theme-based Edexcel GCE AS Chinese Vocabulary A1 A2 8CN0..................................................381
KDP- Edexcel GCE AS Chinese Grammar (8CN0) V2021.........................................................................381
KDP-Edexcel GCE AS Chinese Vocabulary (8CN0) (3335 Words) V2021 ള䱻ѣᮽ㘹䈋儎㓝䈃≽ .....382
Edexcel GCSE Chinese 1CN0 F, H (OLD 5CN01-03) ....................................................................................382
KDP- Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary for Edexcel IGCSE Chinese 1CN0H (3456 words) ...................382
KDP- Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary for Edexcel IGCSE Chinese 1CN0F (3038 words)....................383
KDP- Edexcel GCSE Chinese Grammar Higher Tier (1CN0H) V2021......................................................384
Edexcel IGCSE 4CN01-03 ............................................................................................................................... 384
KDP- Edexcel IGCSE Chinese Grammar (4CN1-3) 2021...........................................................................384
KDP- Edexcel IGCSE Chinese Vocabulary 4CN1-3 V2021 .......................................................................385
KDP- Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary for Edexcel IGCSE Chinese 4CN01-3 .......................................385
KDP-Edexcel IGCSE Chinese 4CN01-03 Vocabulary (3rd Version V2020)..............................................386
IB Chinese (International Baccalaureate) .........................................................................................................386
Notation:....................................................................................................................................................... 386
IB Chinese_A_Language_and_literature_HL...................................................................................................387
¥KDP- IB Chinese A (HL) Comprehensive Grammar 2022 Edition...........................................................387
IB Chinese_A_Language_and_literature_SL ...................................................................................................388
KDP- IB Chinese A (SL) Vocabulary 2022 Edition ....................................................................................388
IB Chinese_B_HL............................................................................................................................................. 388
KDP- IB Chinese B (HL) Vocabulary 2022 Edition....................................................................................388
Edexcel A LEVEL Chinese 9CN0-01,02,03 (OLD 6CN0) .............................................................................379
KDP- Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary for Edexcel GCE
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KDP- Edexcel A Level Chinese Grammar (9CN0)
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Edexcel AS Chinese 8CN0-01,02,03 (OLD 6C
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KDP- Theme-based Edexcel GCE AS C
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cabulary
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KDP- Edexcel GCE AS Chinese Gram
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Edexcel GCSE Chinese 1CN0 F, H (O
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KDP- Theme-based Chinese Vocabu
bu
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IGC
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es
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KDP- Theme-based Chinese Vocabula
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ry
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ry for Edexcel IGCSE
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KDP- Edexcel GCSE Chinese Grammar Higher Ti
Ti
Tier (1CN0H) V2021......................................................384
Edexcel IGCSE 4CN01-03 ............................................................................................................................... 384
KDP- Edexcel IGCSE Chinese Grammar (4CN1-3) 2021...........................................................................384
KDP- Edexcel IG
I
IGCSE Chinese Vocabulary
y
y 4CN1-3 V2021 .......................................................................385
KDP- Theme-
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ba
ba
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ased
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Ch
Ch
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Chin
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KDP-Edexcel
l IG
IG
IG
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IB Chinese (International Baccalaureate) .........................................................................................................386

10. 7 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
KDP- IB Chinese B (HL) Grammar 2022 Edition ≿䈣≪ᒩ㘹䈋ѣ㓝䈣⌋ ..............................................389
KDP-IB ѣᮽ B 䈃≽ IB Chinese_B_HL 5000 Classified Vocabulary V2021 ...........................................389
KDP-IB Chinese B HL Chinese Grammar V2021 ѣᮽ䈣⌋......................................................................390
IB Chinese_B_SL ............................................................................................................................................. 390
KDP- IB Chinese B (SL) Vocabulary 2022 Edition.....................................................................................390
KDP- IB Chinese B (SL) Grammar 2022 Edition ≿䈣≪ᒩ㘹䈋ѣ㓝䈣⌋...............................................391
KDP- IB Chinese A (SL) Grammar 2022 Edition ≿䈣≪ᒩ㘹䈋ѣ㓝䈣⌋...............................................391
KDP-IB Chinese B (SL) Theme-based Chinese Vocabulary (3841 words).................................................392
IB Mandarin_ab_initio...................................................................................................................................... 392
KDP- IB Mandarin Chinese B (Ab Initio) Vocabulary 2022 Edition ..........................................................392
KDP- IB Mandarin Chinese B (Ab Initio) Grammar 2022 Edition..............................................................393
KDP-IBDP ѣᮽ ab initio 䈃≽ IB Mandarin ab initio 1200 Classified Vocabulary V2021.......................393
KDP-IB ab initio ѣᮽ䈣⌋ IB Mandarin ab initio Chinese Grammar V2021............................................394
We offer more…............................................................................................................................................... 395
Design Your Own Program, Customize the Courses using Your Own LOGO ................................................395
We welcome Teachers to join our group!.........................................................................................................397
Franchising Program......................................................................................................................................... 397
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................. 398
Modular Fee Structure.................................................................................................................................. 399
Training and Supporting............................................................................................................................... 400
Marketing and Referral System.................................................................................................................... 401
Tai Chi Fitness Franchising Program ............................................................................................................... 403
KDP IB Chinese B (SL) Theme based Chinese Vocabulary (3841 words).................................................392
IB Mandarin_ab_initio...................................................................................................................................... 392
KDP- IB Mandarin Chinese B (Ab Initio) Vocabulary
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KDP- IB Mandarin Chinese B (Ab Initio) Gram
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KDP-IBDP ѣᮽ ab initio 䈃≽ IB Mandari
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C
C
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Classified
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KDP-IB ab initio ѣᮽ䈣⌋ IB Mandari
ri
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in ab initio
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.......................................................... 395
Design Your Own Program, Customiz
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We welcome Teachers to join our grou
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.........................................................397
Franchising Program................................
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Introduction.........................................................
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...................................................................................... 398
Modular Fee Structure.................................................................................................................................. 399
Training and Supporting............................................................................................................................... 400
Marketing and Referral System.................................................................................................................... 401
Tai Chi Fitness Fr
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................ 403

11. 12 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
About the Author:
David Yao is a highly experienced Mandarin teacher for non-native speakers and
the founder of Legoo Mandarin (www.LegooMandarin.com ) and Educational
Video Courses Online (www.Edeo.biz ). Originally from China, he currently
resides in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and holds a Master's degree from the
University of Malaya. With over 26 years of experience in teaching Mandarin to
foreigners, David has become an expert in various Mandarin proficiency
examinations such as HSK, IB Chinese, IGCSE Chinese, AP Chinese, and SAT
Chinese.
David's expertise in Mandarin teaching is reflected in the comprehensive SYSTEM
he has developed, consisting of more than 200 Mandarin courses and over 600
books available on Amazon. These materials are specifically designed to cater to
the needs of non-native speakers of Chinese. In addition to his Mandarin teaching
expertise, David has also expanded his interests to include English and Malaysian
languages. He has edited a series of trilingual textbooks and vocabulary books,
showcasing his proficiency in all three languages.
David's passion for language teaching has helped thousands of students learn
Mandarin, and his innovative teaching methods have made him one of the most
sought-after language teachers worldwide. He is known for his dedication to his
craft and his ability to help students achieve success in various Mandarin
proficiency examinations, whether it's for academic or personal purposes.
David's teaching style is dynamic and tailored to the individual needs of his
students. He understands the challenges that non-native speakers face when
learning Mandarin and works tirelessly to make the process as smooth as possible.
His commitment to his students is evident in the way he takes the time to
understand their unique learning styles and create personalized lesson plans to
meet their goals.
examinations such as HSK, IB Chinese, IGCSE Chinese, AP Chinese, and SAT
Chinese.
David's expertise in Mandarin tea
a
ac
c
c
c
c
ch
h
h
h
hing is
s
s
s
s reflec
c
c
c
c
ct
t
ted in
n t
t
t
t
th
h
he comprehensive SYSTEM
he has developed, consisting of
f
f
f m
m
m
m
m
more tha
a
a
a
an 20
0
0
0
00
0
0
0
0
0
0 Ma
a
a
a
an
n
n
nd
d
d
d
darin courses and over 600
books available on Amazon. T
T
T
T
T
Th
hese mat
t
t
t
te
e
er
r
ri
i
ia
a
al
l
ls
s
s a
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ar
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re
e
e s
s
sp
p
pe
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e
e
ec
c
c
c
cifically designed to cater to
the needs of non-native speak
k
k
k
kers of Chinese. In ad
d
dd
d
d
di
i
i
i
it
tion to his Mandarin teaching
expertise, David has also exp
p
p
panded his i
i
interests to i
i
i
i
in
n
n
n
ncl
l
l
l
l
lude English and Malaysian
languages. He has edited a se
e
e
er
r
r
ries of tril
li
i
i
i
in
n
n
n
ng
g
g
g
g
g
gu
u
u
u
ua
a
a
a
al
l
l
l
l
l t
t
t
textboo
o
o
o
o
ok
k
k
ks and vocabulary books,
showcasing his proficiency in a
a
a
a
al
l
ll
l
l three languag
g
g
ge
e
e
e
es
s
s
s.
David's passion for language teaching has helped thousands of students learn
Mandarin, and his innovative teaching methods have made him one of the most
sought-after l
l
la
a
a
a
a
a
an
n
n
n
n
ngu
u
u
u
ua
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ag
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ers w
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12. 22 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
The HSK Speaking Test (Advanced Level) is intended for the students who have
studied Chinese 2-3 class hours per week for more than 2 academic years. These
students have mastered about 3,000 common words.
II. Test Levels
The different levels of HSKK are correspond to some of the levels in the Chinese
Language Proficiency Scales For Speakers of Other Languages (CLPS), and its
correspondence to HSK are showed as follows:
Test takers who are able to pass the HSK (Beginner Level) can understand and
use oral expressions in Chinese on familiar and routine matters, and meet basic
needs for communication.
II. Test Levels
The different levels of HSKK
K
K
K
K
K are correspond to som
m
m
m
me of the levels in the Chinese
Language Proficiency Scales
s
s
s For Spea
a
a
ak
k
k
kers of Oth
h
h
he
e
e
e
er
r
r
r
r L
La
a
a
anguages (CLPS), and its
correspondence to HSK are sh
h
h
h
h
h
howed as fol
l
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
lows:

13. 32 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
language tasks and provide positive feedback for Chinese language learners to plan
their future studies.
III. Test Purposes
BCT test results provide reference to following purposes:
1.Provide a basis for employers to assess non-native Chinese speakers’
(candidates) Chinese competence in daily work. Test scores can be used as a
reference for employee recruitment, selection, placement and promotion.
2. Help relevant teaching and training institutions to assess students’ business
Chinese proficiency in recruitment, class divisions, and granting credits.
3. Help learners to improve and evaluate and improve their business Chinese
competence.
IV. Results Certificate
BCT test results provide reference to following purposes:
1.Provide a basis for employers to as
s
ss
s
s
s
se
e
ess non
n
n
n
n-na
a
at
t
t
t
tive Ch
h
h
hinese speakers’
(candidates) Chinese competence i
i
i
i
i
in daily
y
y
y
y work
k
k
k
k
k. Test s
s
s
s
scores can be used as a
reference for employee recruitm
m
m
m
m
ment, sele
e
e
e
ection
n
n
n
n
n, plac
c
c
c
ce
e
e
e
em
m
ment and promotion.
2. Help relevant teaching and
d
d
d training i
i
i
i
in
n
n
ns
s
st
t
ti
i
it
t
tu
ut
t
ti
i
io
o
on
n
n
ns to
o
o
o
o a
a
a
as
s
s
s
ssess students’ business
Chinese proficiency in recrui
i
i
i
it
t
t
tment, cla
as
s
s
s
ss
s
s
s div
v
vi
i
i
i
i
is
s
s
si
i
i
io
o
o
on
ns, an
n
n
n
nd granting credits.
3. Help learners to improve and evaluate and improve their business Chinese
competence.

14. 42 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
One of the most immediate benefits of mastering phonetics is improved
speaking proficiency. By learning to produce sounds accurately, learners
can develop a more native-like accent and pronunciation. This not only
enhances communication with native speakers but also boosts learners'
confidence in their speaking abilities.
Furthermore, phonetics provides learners with the tools to self-correct and
refine their pronunciation over time. By recording and analyzing their
own speech, learners can identify areas for improvement and work
towards achieving greater fluency and accuracy.
Cultural Sensitivity and Appreciation
Beyond its practical applications, phonetics fosters a deeper appreciation
for the cultural and linguistic diversity of the world. Each language has its
own unique set of sounds and phonetic patterns, shaped by its history,
geography, and cultural heritage. By studying phonetics, learners gain
insight into the intricacies of language and the nuances of communication
within different cultural contexts.
Moreover, phonetics promotes cultural sensitivity and respect for
diversity. By learning to pronounce words correctly and respect regional
accents and dialects, learners demonstrate a commitment to understanding
and embracing the richness of linguistic diversity.
Conclusion
Furthermore, phonetics provides learners with the tools to self-
f
f correct and
refine their pronunciation over time. By recording and analyzing their
own speech, learners can identify
y
y
y
y
y areas for
r
r
r
r improvement and work
towards achieving greater fluen
n
n
nc
c
c
c
cy
y and
d
d
d
d a
a
a
accu
u
u
uracy.
.
Cultural Sensitivity and A
A
A
A
Appreciation
Beyond its practical appli
i
ic
c
c
c
c
c
cations, ph
h
h
h
h
h
honetics f
f
f
f
f
fo
o
o
o
osters a deeper appreciation
for the cultural and linguistic d
d
d
d
d
di
i
i
i
iv
v
v
v
v
ve
e
e
ersi
it
t
ty
y
y
y o
o
o
o
of
f
f
f the world. Each language has its
own unique set of sounds and phonetic patterns, shaped by its history,
geography, and cultural heritage. By studying phonetics, learners gain
insight into the intricacies of language and the nuances of communication
within diffe
e
e
er
r
r
r
r
r
re
e
e
e
e
e
en
n
nt
t
t
t c
c
c
cu
u
u
u
u
u
ul
l
l
l
l
lt
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
tu
u
u
u
u
u
u
ur
r
r
r
ra
a
a
a
al
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l co
o
o
on
n
n
n
n
n
nt
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
te
e
e
e
e
e
ex
x
x
x
x
x
xt
t
t
t
t
t
ts
s
s
s
s
s
s
s.
.
.
.
Moreover phonetics promotes cultural sensitivity and respect for

15. 52 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
Mid Rising Tone (䲦р): This tone starts with a mid-level pitch and rises
slightly.
Low Falling-Rising Tone (䲦ৱ): This tone starts with a low pitch, falls,
then rises.
High Rising Tone (䲳р): This tone starts with a high pitch and rises
sharply.
Low Flat Tone (䲳ᒩ): This tone is pronounced with a low and level
pitch.
Low Rising Tone (䲳ৱ): This tone starts with a low pitch and rises
slightly.
Each tone is denoted by a specific diacritic mark in Cantonese
romanization, allowing learners to differentiate between them when
reading or writing.
Significance of Cantonese Tones
The tonal system in Cantonese is not merely a linguistic curiosity but an
essential aspect of communication. Since Cantonese is a tonal language,
Low Flat Tone (䲳ᒩ): This tone is pronounced with a low and level
pitch.
Low Rising Tone (䲳ৱ): This
s
s
s t
t
t
t
tone s
st
t
t
ta
a
arts w
w
w
w
with a
a
a
a low pitch and rises
slightly.
Each tone is denoted by a
a
a specific diacritic ma
a
a
a
ar
r
r
rk in Cantonese
romanization, allowing le
e
e
earners to
o
o d
di
if
ff
fe
er
re
en
n
n
n
nt
t
t
t
t
ti
i
i
i
iate
e
e
e between them when
reading or writing.

16. 62 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
jing6 ye6 si1
lei5 baak5
chong4 chin4 ming4 yuet5 gwong1
yi4 si6 dei6 seung6 seung1
gui2 tau4 mong6 ming4 yuet5
dai1 tau4 si1 gwoo3 heung1
Thoughts in the Silent Night
By Li Bai
Bright moonlight before my bed,
I take it for frost on the ground.
I lift my head and gaze at the bright moon,
Then lower it and think of home.
2
ⲱ咩䳶ᾲ
⧁ҁ⏙
ⲳᰛ‫ד‬ኧታ
哺⋩‫⎭ޛ‬⍷
Ⅸキॹ䠂ⴤ
dai1 tau4 si1 gwoo3 heung1
Thoughts in the Silent Night
By Li Bai
Bright moonlight before m
m
m
my bed,
I take it for frost on the g
g
g
ground.
I lift my head and gaze at t
t
t
t
t
th
he brigh
ht
t
t m
m
m
m
m
m
moon,
Then lower it and think of home
e
e
e
e.
2
ⲱ咩䳶ᾲ

17. 72 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
ቾᵃ yield gat1 fuk6 kat1 fuk6 wat1 fuk6
⢯ࡡ special nak6 bit6 tak6 bit6 dak6 bit6
✣≪ hot water zit6 seoi2 lit6 seoi2 jit6 seoi2
ߩᇐ Decide jyue3 ding4 kyut3 ding6 gyut3 ding6
㔉႐ marry git3 fan1 git3 wan1 git3 han1
҆ಞ musical instrument ngok6 hei3 lok6 hei3 jok6 hei3
ই䝏( very)mean bei1 bei2 bei1 dei2 bei1 pei2
亰࡟ smoothly heon6 lei6 ceon6 lei6 seon6 lei6
『Ҝ secretary pei3 syu1 mei3 syu1 bei3 syu1
᥿䍲 catch a thief zuk1 jaak2 zuk1 zaak2 zuk1 caak2
㛐侵 hungry dou5 ngo6 tou5 ngo6 lou5 ngo6
ᧈ僞 Ribs paai4 gat1 paai4 gwat1 paai4 wat1
᷒খ sure enough gwo2 jim1 gwo2 zim1 gwo2 him1
ദ䳴 difficulty kwan3 naan4 wan3 naan4 kan3 naan4
ian, i is the initial, a is the nucleus, and n is the coda. The initial and the
nucleus are both vowels, while the coda can be either a vowel or a consonant. The
nucleus is an essential component of a final, whereas the initial and the coda are
not. A final can lack an initial or a coda, but it cannot lack a nucleus. In summary,
except for the zero initial, all initials are consonants, and finals necessarily contain
vowels, sometimes also including consonants.
֒㘻φⲴ䏀䰨Ӱ 䬴᧛φ
https://www.zhihu.com/question/307750274/answer/564785210
҆ಞ musical instrument ngok6 hei3 lok6 hei3 jok6 hei3
ই䝏( very)mean bei1 b
b
b
b
be
e
e
e
e
ei
i
i
i
i
i2
2 bei
i
i
i
i1 dei2 bei1 pei2
亰࡟ smoothly h
h
h
h
he
e
e
e
eon6 le
e
e
e
e
ei
i
i
i6 ce
e
e
e
eo
o
o
on6 lei6 seon6 lei6
『Ҝ secretary pei3 sy
y
y
y
yu
u
u1
1
1 m
m
m
m
m
mei3 syu1 bei3 syu1
᥿䍲 catch a thief
f zuk1
1
1
1 jaak2 z
z
z
z
zu
u
uk
k
k1
1
1 z
z
za
a
aa
a
a
a
ak
k
k
k
k
k2
2
2
2 zuk1 caak2
㛐侵 hungry dou5 ng
g
g
g
go
o
o
o
o
o6
6
6
6
6 t
t
t
to
o
o
o
ou5 ngo6 lou5 ngo6
ᧈ僞 Ribs paai
i
i
i4
4
4
4 g
g
g
ga
a
at
t
t
t1
1
1
1 paai4 gwat1 paai4 wat1
᷒খ sure enough gwo2 jim1 gwo2 zim1 gwo2 him1
ദ䳴 difficu
u
u
ul
l
l
l
lt
t
t
t
t
ty
y k
k
k
k
kw
w
w
w
w
wa
a
a
a
a
a
an3 n
n
n
n
na
a
a
a
a
a
aa
a
a
a
an
n
n
n
n
n
n
n4
4
4
4 w
w
w
w
w
w
wa
a
a
a
a
a
an
n
n
n3
3
3
3
3
3
3 n
n
n
n
n
na
a
a
a
a
a
aa
an
n
n
n
n
n
n
n4
4
4
4
4 k
k
k
k
kan3 naan4
ian, i is the initial, a is the nucleus, and n is the coda. The initial and the
nucleus are both vowels while the coda can be either a vowel or a consonant The

18. 82 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
ᡇ I ngo5
⢑ Cow ngau4
஧ Right ngaam1
gw ਇ丩ᯯ⌋ gw Pronunciation Method
㋚䈣༦∃ gw 䘏Ѡ丩ਡ‫ڐ‬഼ଽ丩㡂ṯ丩Ⱦਇ䘏Ѡ丩Ⲻ㡂փфਇ g ⴮
ੂθਠу䗽ᣀ౪ଽ഼᭬θ䘇ղਇᲤ䙐䈓 ⬒ gua 䠂 gu Ⲻ䜞࠼Ⱦ
The 'gw' sound in Cantonese is called a rounded velar sound. The tongue
position when producing this sound is the same as when producing 'g',
but the lips are rounded, similar to the 'gu' part in the Mandarin word ⬒
gua.
ᡇ I n
n
ng
g
g
go
o
o
o5
5
5
5
⢑ Cow ngau4
4
4
4
4
4
஧ Righ
h
h
ht ngaam1
gw ਇ丩ᯯ
ᯯ
ᯯ⌋
⌋
⌋
⌋
⌋
⌋
⌋ g
g
g
g
g
gw
w
w
w
w
w
w P
P
P
P
Pr
r
r
r
r
r
ro
o
o
o
on
n
n
nu
u
u
u
u
u
u
unc
c
c
c
c
c
ci
i
i
i
i
ia
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
at
t
ti
i
i
i
i
io
o
o
o
o
o
o
on
n
n
n
n M
M
M
M
Me
e
e
e
e
et
t
t
t
th
h
h
ho
o
o
o
o
od
d
d
d
d
㋚䈣༦∃ gw 䘏Ѡ丩ਡ‫ڐ‬഼ଽ丩㡂ṯ丩Ⱦਇ䘏Ѡ丩Ⲻ㡂փфਇ g ⴮

19. 91 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .

20. 105 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
᩺ photograph sip3
31 it
✣ hot yit5
⋺ vent sit3
32 iu
ቅ Small siu2
⎾ remove siu1
Finals: 33-34 mǃng
33 m
୊ Well m6
୊ Well m5
34 ng
ӊ five ng4
੪ Wu ng4
Finals: 35-40 oǃohǃoiǃokǃonǃong
35 o
儎 high go1
32 iu
ቅ Sm
m
m
m
mall siu
u
u
u2
2
2
2
⎾ remov
v
v
v
ve
e
e
e siu1
Finals: 33-34 mǃng
33 m
୊ Wel
l
l
ll
l
l
l m6
୊ Well m5
34 ng
ӊ five ng4

21. 116 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
oo (䮵)
oo ཡ྽ Husband and wife foo1 foo5
ooi ࿯࿯ Younger sister mooi4 mooi2
oon ঀ⻍ Half bowl boon3 woon2
oot ⍱⌲ Lively woot5 poot3
Cantonese Final: ue
The Cantonese final ue is a long vowel, and its pronunciation is
roughly similar to the Mandarin final ü.
It can stand alone and pairs with the finals n or t.
ueδ䮵ε
ue ҩ⥠ Suckling pig yue5 jue1
uen ᇙՖ Publicity; Promote suen1 chuen4
uet ߩ㔓 Resolute; Decisive kuet3 juet5
Cantonese: m, ng stand alone
The Cantonese nasal finals m and ng can stand alone and do not pair
with any initials.
It is essential to note that m is a bilabial nasal sound, and when
pronouncing it, the lips should be closed.
Cantonese Final: ue
The Cantonese final ue is a lo
o
o
on
n
n
n
ng vow
w
w
w
w
we
el, a
a
a
and its
s
s
s pronunciation is
roughly similar to the Manda
a
a
a
ar
r
r
r
ri
i
i
in fina
a
a
a
a
al
l
l
l
l ü.
It can stand alone and pai
i
i
irs with the finals
s
n
n
n
n o
o
o
o
or t.
ueδ䮵ε
ue ҩ
ҩ
ҩ
ҩ
ҩ
ҩ⥠
⥠
⥠
⥠
⥠
⥠ S
S
S
Suckling pig yue5 jue1
uen ᇙՖ Publicity; Promote suen1 chuen4
uet ߩ㔓 Resolute; Decisive kuet3 juet5
Cantonese: m, ng stand
d alone
The Cantonese nasal finals m and ng can stand alone and do not pair

22. 126 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
Ⲵнཝ䚉 Millionaire's Boulevard baak3 maan6
daai6 do6
ཟӰਾж Unity of Heaven and Man tin1 yan4 hap5
yat1
ഴҜ侼 Library to4 sue1 gwoon2
ጽะҜ䲘 Chung Chi College sung4 gei1 sue1
yuen2
侣ุ Cafeteria faan6 tong4
᯦ӐҜ䲘 New Asia College san1 a3 sue1 yuen2
ཝᆜṗ䰞 University Entrance/Gate daai6 hok6
haau5 moon4
䙮ཡҜ䲘 Shaw College yat5 foo1 sue1 yuen2
ጽะҜ䲘 Chung Chi College sung4 gei1 sue1
yuen2
侣ุ Cafet
t
t
t
te
e
e
e
e
eri
i
ia f
fa
a
a
a
a
aa
a
a
a
a
an
n
n
n
n6 ton
n
n
n
ng4

23. 135 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
sing2 䟈 to awake
sing3 ဉ a surname
ting4 ᥰ to stand upright
sings ⴑ flourishing
sing6 ค a city
32 iu (windowsill)
siu1 ㇡ a flute
siu2 ቅ small
siu3 ㅇ to laugh
niu4 呕 a bird
niu5 ት urine
yiu6 ᩽ to shake
33--53 m umm
m1 [1]*
m2 [2]*
m3 [3]*
m4 [4]*
m5 [5]*
m6 ୊ not
32 iu (windowsill)
siu1 ㇡
㇡
㇡
㇡
㇡
㇡ a f
f
f
fl
l
l
l
lu
u
u
ute
siu2 ቅ s
s
s
s
small
l
l
l
l
siu3 ㅇ to laugh
niu4 呕 a
a
a
a b
b
b
b
b
b
bi
i
i
ir
r
r
r
rd
d
d
d
d
d
niu5 ት
ት
ት
ት
ት
ት u
u
ur
r
r
ri
i
in
n
n
ne
e
e
e
e
yiu6 ᩽ to shake
33--53 m
m umm
m1 [1
1]
]
]*

24. 146 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
moot5 ᵡ the end
45 ot (hot)
ot1 NA
hot3 ⑪ thirsty
ot5 NA
48 uet (ue + t)
suet3 䴠 Cantonese say baak5 suet1 suet1 δⲳ
䴠䴠εto describe snow white colour
suet3 䴠 snow
yuet5 ᴾ month
50 uk (look)
nguk1 ኁ a house
juk3 ᥿ to catch δ᥿ is also pronounce as
juk1)
luk5 ‫ޣ‬ six
53 ut (Richard)
chut1 ࠰ out
ot5 NA
48 uet (ue + t)
suet3 䴠
䴠 C
C
C
C
Canto
o
o
o
o
on
n
n
n
n
n
nese
e
e
e
e s
s
s
s
say baak5 suet1 suet1 δⲳ
䴠䴠εto describe snow w
w
w
w
white colour
r
suet3 䴠 s
s
s
snow
yuet5 ᴾ month
50 uk (look)
nguk1 ኁ
ኁ
ኁ
ኁ
ኁ
ኁ
ኁ
ኁ a
a
a
a
a
a h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
hou
u
u
u
u
u
u
us
s
s
s
s
se
e
e
e
e
juk3 ᥿
᥿
᥿
᥿
᥿
᥿
᥿
᥿ t
t
t
t
t
to
o
o
o
o
o
o
o c
c
c
c
c
c
c
ca
a
a
a
a
at
t
t
t
t
t
tc
c
c
c
c
c
c
ch
h
h
h
h
h
h δ
δ
δ
δ
δ
δ
δ᥿
᥿
᥿
᥿
᥿
᥿ i
i
i
i
is
s
s
s
s
s a
a
a
a
a
a
a
al
l
l
l
l
ls
s
s
s
s
so
o
o
o
o
o pronounce as
juk1)

25. 155 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
ᮇળ gau3 meng5 save life
দ䊗 yan3 jeung5 impression
ሯ䊗 dui3 jeung5 target; object
ࡑ䙖 chong3 jo5 create
㾷ᇩ yiu3 hoi5 crucial point
Tone 3-6
㛰Ⱎ fai3 lo6 tuberculosis
ᣎ⼞ jit3 moh6 cause physical or mental
suffering; torment
⡧Ӱ ngoi3 yan6 loved one
ⵁਦ hon3 toi6 spectators stand
‫ؗ‬ᗈ sun3 to6 disciples
䲃Ѫ gong3 lam6 befall
Tone 4-1
㗄䠇 mei4 gam1 U.S. dollar
р䖜 seung4 che1 get on board a car
傢ḽ ma4 biu1 lottery ticket
њᢉ leung4 da1 two dozens
Tone 3-6
㛰Ⱎ fai3 lo
o
o
o
o6
6 tuberculosis
ᣎ⼞ jit3 moh6 c
c
c
cause physical or mental
suffering; torment
⡧Ӱ n
ngoi3 yan6 l
l
loved one
ⵁਦ hon3 toi6 spectators stand
‫ؗ‬ᗈ sun3 to6 disciples
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g
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Tone 4 1

26. 163 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
Ѫᰬ lam6 si6 temporary
ᒩᰬ ping6 si6 ordinary times
It is suggested that you read through all six examples in each group
fairly carefully, slowly at first and then faster. When you can rattle off
the six you will have a better idea of how the two tones go together.
y g g

27. 185 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
ᡇ⋗௓≪Ⱦ :ԁPpLKƝVKXӿ I didn't drink water.
Adverbs of time ᰬ䰪ࢥ䈃φᐨ㔅
ᐨ
ᐨ㏉ yi5 ging1
ᐨ㔅 ӿMƯQJ (ࢥ) already:
ṗ䮵ᐨ㔅᭴ᐛ્Ⱦ
ṗ䮭ᐨ㏉᭴ᐛ્Ⱦ
haau6 jeung2 yi5 ging1 fong3 gung1 joh2.
ṗ䮵ᐨ㔅с⨣ҼȾ ;LjR]KӽQJӿMƯQJ[LjEƗQOH The principal is
off work.
ᡵ䰪ᐨ㔅ᢉᢡ䗽Ⱦ
ᡵ䯉ᐨ㏉ᢉᦹ䚄Ⱦ
fong4 gaan1 yi5 ging1 da2 so3 gwoh3.
ᡵ䰪ᐨ㔅ᢉᢡ䗽. IiQJMLƗQӿMƯQJGӽVӽRJXz The room has
been cleaned.
ᡇᐨ㔅㋴⯨࣑ㄣ્θ㙂ᇬ㾷䘊ኁԷ્Ⱦ
ᡇᐨ㏉㋴⯨࣑ㄣ્θ㙂ᇬ㾷䘊ኁԷ્Ⱦ
ngoh5 yi5 ging1 jing1 pei4 lik5 kit3 joh2, yi4 ga1 yiu3 faan1 uk1 kei2
joh2.
ṗ䮵ᐨ㔅᭴ᐛ્Ⱦ
ṗ䮭ᐨ㏉᭴ᐛ્Ⱦ
haau6 jeung2 yi5 ging1 fo
on
n
n
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J
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off work.
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The room has
been cleaned.

28. 282 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
֖ᴿĊĊ੍ϋ
࿩ᴿĊĊఄϋ
nei5 yau5ĊĊ ma3?
֖ᴿĊĊ.੍ϋ
107 What time you wake
֖ࠖ⛯䎭ᓀϋ
࿩ᒴ唔䎭ᓀϋ
nei5 gei2 dim2 hei2 chong4?
֖ࠖ⛯䎭ᓀϋ
108 Where is your house?
֖ኁԷ‫׸‬䗯ᓜϋ
࿩ኁԷ‫׸‬䛀ᓜϋ
nei5 uk1 kei2 hai6 bin1 do6?
֖ᇬ൞ଠ‫ݵ‬ϋ
109 What’s your nationality?
֖‫׸‬䗯ളӰϋ
࿩‫׸‬䛀ുӰϋ
nei5 hai6 bin1 gwok3 yan4?
107 What time you wake
֖ࠖ⛯䎭ᓀϋ
࿩ᒴ唔䎭ᓀϋ
nei5 gei2 dim2 hei2 c
c
c
c
ch
h
h
h
hong4?
?
?
?
?
֖ࠖ⛯䎭ᓀϋ
108 Where is your house?
֖ኁԷ‫׸‬䗯ᓜϋ
࿩ኁԷ‫׸‬䛀ᓜϋ
nei5 u
u
uk
k
k
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‫ݵ‬ϋ

29. 359 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
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38. 368 | P a g e b y E d e o L E G O O M a n d a r i n . A l l R i g h t s R e s e r v e d .
C
China
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KDP- CIE IGCSE Chinese Grammar (0547 Foreign Language)