‘Mapping Fair Trade Networks: Visualising the dynamics of a global movement’. The 4th Fair Trade International Symposium, Liverpool Hope Business School, (April 2012).
The first product of MaFI. A broad exploration of pro-poor market facilitation. Content: (i) Effective Facilitation and its Challenges; (ii) Facilitation of Horizontal Linkages; (iii) Strategic Use of Subsidies; (iv) Exit Strategies; (v) M&E tools; (vi) Some Resources.
REDD+ Policy Network Analysis: Update and IntroductionCIFOR-ICRAF
Updates from CIFOR research on Policy Network Analysis of REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation). Read the papers at www1.cifor.org/gcs/about-gcs/national-redd-processes-and-policies/policy-network-analysis-actors-and-power-structures.html
The first product of MaFI. A broad exploration of pro-poor market facilitation. Content: (i) Effective Facilitation and its Challenges; (ii) Facilitation of Horizontal Linkages; (iii) Strategic Use of Subsidies; (iv) Exit Strategies; (v) M&E tools; (vi) Some Resources.
REDD+ Policy Network Analysis: Update and IntroductionCIFOR-ICRAF
Updates from CIFOR research on Policy Network Analysis of REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation). Read the papers at www1.cifor.org/gcs/about-gcs/national-redd-processes-and-policies/policy-network-analysis-actors-and-power-structures.html
This guide is designed for program officers to use in their work related to networks, coalitions, and other relationship-based structures as part of their initiatives, program strategies, and outcomes. It offers a set of core components that make up the basics of strategizing, implementing, and sustaining inter-organizational relationships and structures. You can work through the guide from beginning to end or jump to specific issues with which you might be struggling. Every component suggests concrete “actions” or questions that a program officer can apply.
A Presentation made by A.H. Monjurul KABIR during XII International Anti-Corruption Conference (IACC) at the strategic session on sharing information and knowledge to fight corruption. The key presentation focuses on strtaegies deployed UN - UNDP in particular..
- challenges and opportunities
EQUITY MARKET 4.0: A Wisdom Network to crowdcreate a global capital marketWisdom.To
Equity Market 3.0 is a national, finance community of companies, advisers and investors which recreates what people in the equity market do everyday in an online network.
The three primary benefits are:
Deepens the market by facilitating service and capital delivery beyond major companies to SME’s, new ventures and innovation. SME’s are a major contributor to growth and employment and are a priority for government policy in the first world and reducing poverty in the third world.
Expands features and functionality beyond prices to include comprehensive information distribution, facilitate collaboration, manage workflow and execute outcomes.
Integrate countries and markets: A transparent Web 3.0 network transcends traditional distribution channels with a single web application which simply differentiates between people and content in different countries using tags. An Equity Market 3.0 network could service a global community of companies, advisers and investors. Equity Market 4.0 is the integration of Equity Market 3.0 networks in each country to create a global equity market.
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 4.0: Wisdom Networks crowdcreate economic developmentWisdom.To
Economic Development 4.0 is how the world works on the web!. It integrates a critical mass of Web 3.0 social, industrial and political networks. Web 3.0 networks offer the community unprecedented access, innovation, investment, transparency, information distribution (Web 1.0), community participation (Web 2.0), improved collaboration (Web 3.0) and aggregation of the Wisdom of Crowds and effort for better outcomes.
Using social network analysis, complex intangible relationship patterns can reveal competitive forces, gatekeepers and collaboration opportunities - within and across sectors - in internal and external innovation ecosystems around the world, including China 2.0.
A Western View of China's Internal and External Innovation Ecosystem - ICT Se...Martha Russell
A network analysis of flows of information and investments a relationship perspective on the internal and external innovation ecosystems of China's ICT sectors. Crowd-sourced English language press release-type information provides a Western view in a systems framework.
A presentation I did about social production, open source and new models applied to government contexts. The specific community i used as an example was drupal.
International Journal of Marketing Studies; Vol. 6, No. 5; 201TatianaMajor22
International Journal of Marketing Studies; Vol. 6, No. 5; 2014
ISSN 1918-719X E-ISSN 1918-7203
Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education
21
Digital Strategies of Consumer Involvement and Innovation Dynamics:
A Cross-Sector Explorative Study
Eleonora Paolocci1
1 IULM University, Milan, Italy
Correspondence: Eleonora Paolocci, IULM University, Milan, Italy. E-mail: [email protected]
Received: May 24, 2014 Accepted: June 26, 2014 Online Published: September 28, 2014
doi:10.5539/ijms.v6n5p21 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v6n5p21
Abstract
The study aims at exploring the collaborative dynamics between firms and consumers through Web tools. At
present, there is limited empirical research aimed at investigating if and how the involvement of consumers in
the implementation of open approaches, mediated by digital technologies, is actually implemented. The study
presents a recent multifactorial investigation of the topic where literature lacks in. Through the Web-analysis of
practices of a sample group of 180 companies operating in different market sectors, the author wants to explore
spread and type profiles of collaborative strategies, investigating the existence of a possible correlation with the
served markets and other moderator variables. Findings, identifying a ‘spectrum’ of engagement and co-creation
mechanisms, suggest forms of aggregation and profiling in the approach followed by the firms and illustrate how
the characteristics of virtual spaces allow them to explore new frontiers in the implementation of open
approaches, with different degrees of involvement.
Keywords: co-creation, consumer insight, empirical research, open innovation (OI), virtual integration
1. Introduction
Existing academic literature suggests a significant potential of collaboration with consumers in the process of
market value creation through ICTs (von Hippel, 2001; von Hippel & Katz, 2002; Sawhney, Verona, & Prandelli,
2005; Prandelli, Verona, & Raccagni, 2006; Bilgram, Brem, & Voigt, 2008; Füller & von Hippel, 2008;
Prandelli, Sawhney, & Verona, 2008; Füller, Muhlbacher, Matzler, & Jawecki, 2009; Morgan & Wang, 2010).
Considerable attention has been given to the benefits offered by the advent of digital technologies: low-cost
interaction; increase in the speed and duration of the engagement process; easier sharing processes if compared
to what can be done offline, where dynamics are limited to contexts of physical closeness (Dahan & Hauser,
2002; Afuah, 2003). The importance of collaborating with consumers in the development of innovative products
and services has been recognised for many years and there has been a steady proliferation of studies on this topic
(von Hippel, 1976, 1978, 1986, 1988; Grönross, 1990; Day, 1991; Bruce, Leverick, Littler, & Wilson, 1995;
Gales & Mansour-Cole, 1995; Prahalad & Ramaswamy, 2004a; Vargo & Lusch, 2004). However, it is only
recently that the attention g ...
MECHANISMS FOR DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE EDUCATION AND HEALTHCARE SECTORS...IJNSA Journal
This paper argues for the consideration of a decentralized, open, interoperable identity framework as a secure, scalable, user-centered meta-platform capable of leveraging many aggregate network advantages and delivery options for education and healthcare providers. An overview of the shortfalls and vulnerabilities of the current Internet and systems for identity management is first explained, followed by a summary of the status of development and primary proponents of decentralized, blockchain-enabled, self-sovereign identification (SSI). An examination of the Key Event Receipt Infrastructure (KERI) open-source decentralized key management infrastructure (DKMI) and its primary root-of-trust in self-certifying identifiers (SCID) is evaluated. This paper recommends KERI for consideration as a potential meta-platform overlay and solution for both the education and health industries as a means of attaining their primary goal of being more user versus institution-centric in their core interactions and processes. Finally, some pathways for future research are recommended.
The Network Governance in Kasongan Industrial Clusterinventionjournals
This article is based on field research in the Kasongan ceramic handicraft industry cluster. The research was conducted using qualitative research method. The results show that the development of industrial cluster is possible because of the role of social network in the process of buying and selling of products, business gain labor, and financial capital. Social networks also play a role in subcontracting, vertical disaggregation, and increasing and disseminating knowledge and skills among workers and employers. The formation of networks is influenced by the institutional environment in the form of free markets, the unique properties of ceramic products, and the uncertainty of ceramic demand.
The Partnership Health of ICT Projects in Developing Countries - Pacis 2009...Anand Sheombar
The basic argument of this paper is that successful contributions in developing countries that are made with, and through, ICT are partly dependent on the health of the relationship between partners. The research was conducted in 10 projects involving multinational ICT companies. It was found that problems with partner cooperation revolve around six core categories namely driving force factors, skill factors, input-output factors, socio-cultural factors, systems factors, and trust factors.
BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. Get information in this PDF and simplyfy your visa process.
This guide is designed for program officers to use in their work related to networks, coalitions, and other relationship-based structures as part of their initiatives, program strategies, and outcomes. It offers a set of core components that make up the basics of strategizing, implementing, and sustaining inter-organizational relationships and structures. You can work through the guide from beginning to end or jump to specific issues with which you might be struggling. Every component suggests concrete “actions” or questions that a program officer can apply.
A Presentation made by A.H. Monjurul KABIR during XII International Anti-Corruption Conference (IACC) at the strategic session on sharing information and knowledge to fight corruption. The key presentation focuses on strtaegies deployed UN - UNDP in particular..
- challenges and opportunities
EQUITY MARKET 4.0: A Wisdom Network to crowdcreate a global capital marketWisdom.To
Equity Market 3.0 is a national, finance community of companies, advisers and investors which recreates what people in the equity market do everyday in an online network.
The three primary benefits are:
Deepens the market by facilitating service and capital delivery beyond major companies to SME’s, new ventures and innovation. SME’s are a major contributor to growth and employment and are a priority for government policy in the first world and reducing poverty in the third world.
Expands features and functionality beyond prices to include comprehensive information distribution, facilitate collaboration, manage workflow and execute outcomes.
Integrate countries and markets: A transparent Web 3.0 network transcends traditional distribution channels with a single web application which simply differentiates between people and content in different countries using tags. An Equity Market 3.0 network could service a global community of companies, advisers and investors. Equity Market 4.0 is the integration of Equity Market 3.0 networks in each country to create a global equity market.
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 4.0: Wisdom Networks crowdcreate economic developmentWisdom.To
Economic Development 4.0 is how the world works on the web!. It integrates a critical mass of Web 3.0 social, industrial and political networks. Web 3.0 networks offer the community unprecedented access, innovation, investment, transparency, information distribution (Web 1.0), community participation (Web 2.0), improved collaboration (Web 3.0) and aggregation of the Wisdom of Crowds and effort for better outcomes.
Using social network analysis, complex intangible relationship patterns can reveal competitive forces, gatekeepers and collaboration opportunities - within and across sectors - in internal and external innovation ecosystems around the world, including China 2.0.
A Western View of China's Internal and External Innovation Ecosystem - ICT Se...Martha Russell
A network analysis of flows of information and investments a relationship perspective on the internal and external innovation ecosystems of China's ICT sectors. Crowd-sourced English language press release-type information provides a Western view in a systems framework.
A presentation I did about social production, open source and new models applied to government contexts. The specific community i used as an example was drupal.
International Journal of Marketing Studies; Vol. 6, No. 5; 201TatianaMajor22
International Journal of Marketing Studies; Vol. 6, No. 5; 2014
ISSN 1918-719X E-ISSN 1918-7203
Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education
21
Digital Strategies of Consumer Involvement and Innovation Dynamics:
A Cross-Sector Explorative Study
Eleonora Paolocci1
1 IULM University, Milan, Italy
Correspondence: Eleonora Paolocci, IULM University, Milan, Italy. E-mail: [email protected]
Received: May 24, 2014 Accepted: June 26, 2014 Online Published: September 28, 2014
doi:10.5539/ijms.v6n5p21 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v6n5p21
Abstract
The study aims at exploring the collaborative dynamics between firms and consumers through Web tools. At
present, there is limited empirical research aimed at investigating if and how the involvement of consumers in
the implementation of open approaches, mediated by digital technologies, is actually implemented. The study
presents a recent multifactorial investigation of the topic where literature lacks in. Through the Web-analysis of
practices of a sample group of 180 companies operating in different market sectors, the author wants to explore
spread and type profiles of collaborative strategies, investigating the existence of a possible correlation with the
served markets and other moderator variables. Findings, identifying a ‘spectrum’ of engagement and co-creation
mechanisms, suggest forms of aggregation and profiling in the approach followed by the firms and illustrate how
the characteristics of virtual spaces allow them to explore new frontiers in the implementation of open
approaches, with different degrees of involvement.
Keywords: co-creation, consumer insight, empirical research, open innovation (OI), virtual integration
1. Introduction
Existing academic literature suggests a significant potential of collaboration with consumers in the process of
market value creation through ICTs (von Hippel, 2001; von Hippel & Katz, 2002; Sawhney, Verona, & Prandelli,
2005; Prandelli, Verona, & Raccagni, 2006; Bilgram, Brem, & Voigt, 2008; Füller & von Hippel, 2008;
Prandelli, Sawhney, & Verona, 2008; Füller, Muhlbacher, Matzler, & Jawecki, 2009; Morgan & Wang, 2010).
Considerable attention has been given to the benefits offered by the advent of digital technologies: low-cost
interaction; increase in the speed and duration of the engagement process; easier sharing processes if compared
to what can be done offline, where dynamics are limited to contexts of physical closeness (Dahan & Hauser,
2002; Afuah, 2003). The importance of collaborating with consumers in the development of innovative products
and services has been recognised for many years and there has been a steady proliferation of studies on this topic
(von Hippel, 1976, 1978, 1986, 1988; Grönross, 1990; Day, 1991; Bruce, Leverick, Littler, & Wilson, 1995;
Gales & Mansour-Cole, 1995; Prahalad & Ramaswamy, 2004a; Vargo & Lusch, 2004). However, it is only
recently that the attention g ...
MECHANISMS FOR DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE EDUCATION AND HEALTHCARE SECTORS...IJNSA Journal
This paper argues for the consideration of a decentralized, open, interoperable identity framework as a secure, scalable, user-centered meta-platform capable of leveraging many aggregate network advantages and delivery options for education and healthcare providers. An overview of the shortfalls and vulnerabilities of the current Internet and systems for identity management is first explained, followed by a summary of the status of development and primary proponents of decentralized, blockchain-enabled, self-sovereign identification (SSI). An examination of the Key Event Receipt Infrastructure (KERI) open-source decentralized key management infrastructure (DKMI) and its primary root-of-trust in self-certifying identifiers (SCID) is evaluated. This paper recommends KERI for consideration as a potential meta-platform overlay and solution for both the education and health industries as a means of attaining their primary goal of being more user versus institution-centric in their core interactions and processes. Finally, some pathways for future research are recommended.
The Network Governance in Kasongan Industrial Clusterinventionjournals
This article is based on field research in the Kasongan ceramic handicraft industry cluster. The research was conducted using qualitative research method. The results show that the development of industrial cluster is possible because of the role of social network in the process of buying and selling of products, business gain labor, and financial capital. Social networks also play a role in subcontracting, vertical disaggregation, and increasing and disseminating knowledge and skills among workers and employers. The formation of networks is influenced by the institutional environment in the form of free markets, the unique properties of ceramic products, and the uncertainty of ceramic demand.
The Partnership Health of ICT Projects in Developing Countries - Pacis 2009...Anand Sheombar
The basic argument of this paper is that successful contributions in developing countries that are made with, and through, ICT are partly dependent on the health of the relationship between partners. The research was conducted in 10 projects involving multinational ICT companies. It was found that problems with partner cooperation revolve around six core categories namely driving force factors, skill factors, input-output factors, socio-cultural factors, systems factors, and trust factors.
BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. BTW UK Visa Application Process, Uk Visa complete guide, Uk Visa fees, requirements and application process. Know all about uk visa and best way to apply for the uk visa. Get to know about the requirements that allows you for the faster visa appliaction. Get information in this PDF and simplyfy your visa process.
Wayanad-The-Touristry-Heaven to the tour.pptxcosmo-soil
Wayanad, nestled in Kerala's Western Ghats, is a lush paradise renowned for its scenic landscapes, rich biodiversity, and cultural heritage. From trekking Chembra Peak to exploring ancient Edakkal Caves, Wayanad offers thrilling adventures and serene experiences. Its vibrant economy, driven by agriculture and tourism, highlights a harmonious blend of nature, tradition, and modernity.
Hidden Gems of Europe - DISCOVERING THE CONTINENT'S BEST-KEPT SECRETSKamil Uğraş TÜRKOĞLU
Europe, continent rich in history, culture, and natural beauty, is often synonymous with famous cities like Paris, Rome, and London. These iconic destinations attract millions of tourists every year, captivating them with their renowned landmarks, vibrant culture, and bustling urban life. However, beyond these well-trodden paths lie countless hidden gems waiting to be discovered. These lesser-known destinations offer unique experiences, authentic encounters, and breathtaking landscapes that often surpass the allure of their famous counterparts.
In "Hidden Gems of Europe," we embark on a journey to uncover these secret spots, exploring the heart and soul of Europe through its quaint villages, charming towns, and secluded natural wonders. This book aims to inspire travelers to look beyond the obvious and venture into the lesser-explored corners of the continent, where true adventure and discovery await.
Assessing the Influence of Transportation on the Tourism Industry in Nigeriagsochially
This research dissertation investigates the complex interplay between transportation and the tourism industry in Nigeria, aiming to unravel critical insights that contribute to the enhancement of the overall tourist experience. The study employs a multi-faceted approach, literature review establishes a robust theoretical framework, incorporating The Service Quality and Satisfaction Theory to guide the research questions and hypotheses.
The methodology involves the distribution of a structured questionnaire, ensuring a representative sample and facilitating a comprehensive analysis of the gathered data.
Key findings include the nuanced perceptions of transportation infrastructure adequacy, safety and security concerns, financial influences on travel decisions, and the cultural and ecological impacts of transportation choices. These findings culminate in a comprehensive set of recommendations for policymakers and practitioners in the Nigerian tourism industry. The findings contribute to the existing literature by providing actionable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers in the Nigerian tourism sector.
The recommendations encompass gender-sensitive planning, infrastructure enhancements, safety measures, and strategic interventions to address financial constraints, ensuring a holistic and sustainable development of the tourism industry in Nigeria.
Author: Imafidon Osademwingie Martins
How To Talk To a Live Person at American Airlinesflyn goo
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Unlock the secrets to success with our comprehensive 8-Step Glamping Accelerator Go-To-Market Plan! Watch our FREE webinar, where you'll receive expert guidance and invaluable insights on every aspect of launching and growing your glamping business.
The Power of a Glamping Go-To-Market Accelerator Plan.pptx
Mapping Fair Trade Networks
1. Mapping Fair Trade Networks:
Visualising the dynamics of a global movement
Matthew Anderson PhD University of Birmingham
Introduction Background and Context Approach & Methodology
• ‘The development of Fairtrade certification in the UK illustrates the PARTICIPATORY METHODOLOGY
need to resituate the analysis of Fair Trade consumption in diverse Social Movement Throughout this project the aim is to adopt a participatory approach that
social networks, rather than persisting in presenting it (positively and ‘The spread of fair-trade practices is facilitated by the existence of extended values co-production and recognises the voice of all Fair Trade
negatively) as primarily a form of consumer agency’. (Barnett et al. networks of co-operatives and small retail operators in the West, who try to stakeholders - particularly those that have been underrepresented in
2011: 164) somehow to reach a balance between ethic-driven public action and market previous research (most notably producers from LDCs).
requirement.’ (Donatella Della Porta 2006: 20).
• Building on research that has explored local networks of activism 1) Questionnaires will be sent to Fair Trade Committees requesting both
the focus of this project is mapping and visualising the transnational measurable and freeform answers in relation issues of governance,
advocacy networks that form the global Fair Trade movement.
Networks
networking and meaningfulness of Fair Trade.
‘It’s very difficult to say what networks really bring, but I think the value of
networks has been grossly underestimated by a lot of people.’ (Carol Wills cited 2) Interviews with key actors in global representative bodies associated with
in Nicholls and Opal 2005: 254) NGO partnerships, co-operatives, trade unions and faith groups.
3) Participant observation as part of 6 month internships with FLO and
Research Questions ‘Fair trade rapidly achieved scale by networking social networks to spread the WFTO. This will enable ethnographic study of the day-to-day operations.
1. What role do local producers play in defining, shaping and fair trade message. The movement did not build new networks, but tied
4) Archival analysis of FLO and WFTO records relating to the history and
implementing the principles and practices of Fair Trade? established networks together.’ (Anna Hutchens 2009: 83).
development of fair trade networks, alongside media analysis of news texts
2. How far have particular ‘conduit’ organisations been responsible for in the UK and the US relating to FLO and WFTO.
linking local producers with the wider Fair Trade movement? Producer Networks
3.To what extent do the day-to-day conduct of business of FLO and ‘There is increasing funding being made available to strengthen formal Fairtrade
WFTO present opportunities or barriers to participation from networks, with the aim of raising capacity, awareness and eventually sales, yet
the differences between regional networks (in Africa, Asia and Latin America)
producer networks in the global South?
are not yet analysed” (Nelson & Pound 2009: 6).
Impact and Beneficiaries
This research intends to provide a new perspective and practical contribution
on key areas including:
Historic growth and development of producer networks.
Information is Beautiful: Data Visualisation Significance of regional producer networks as key nodes.
‘Good data visualisation can help users explore and understand the patterns and trends in data, and Information flows and power dynamics.
also communicate that understanding to others to help them make robust decisions based on the data
Representation of different meanings and frameworks of fairness.
being presented.’ Department for Communities and Local Government and OCSI (2009)
Next Steps
1. DataViz: improving data visualisation 2. Fairtrade International: Data Mapping 3. Visualising Social Networks: Fidg’t It is hoped that this research can be used to inform discussions about the
for the public sector viability of a range of Fair Trade networking options.
Key References
1. C. Barnett, P. Cloke, N. Clarke and M. Malpass, Globalizing Responsibility: The Political
Rationalities of Ethical Consumption (Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011)
*
2. D. Della Porta, Social Movements An Introduction (Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, second
edition 2006).
3. A. Hutchens, Changing Big Business: The Globalisation of the Fair Trade Movement
(Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2009).
4. V. Nelson & B. Pound, The Last Ten Years: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature on the
Impact of Fairtrade (NRI: University of Greenwich, 2009).
* 5. A. Nicholls & C. Opal, Fair Trade: Market-Driven Ethical Consumption (London: Sage, 2004).
Acknowledgements: This project is being developed in collaboration with Prof Paul Cloke
and Dr Ian Cook at the University of Exeter and Christian Nold PhD candidate at UCL.
2. Mapping Fair Trade Networks:
Visualising the dynamics of a global movement
Matthew Anderson PhD University of Birmingham
Introduction
• ‘The development of Fairtrade certification in the UK illustrates the need to resituate the analysis of Fair Trade
consumption in diverse social networks, rather than persisting in presenting it (positively and negatively) as primarily a
form of consumer agency.’ (Barnett et al. 2011: 164)
• Building on research that has explored local networks of activism the focus of this project is mapping and visualising
the transnational advocacy networks that form the global Fair Trade movement.
Research Questions
1. What role do local producers play in defining, shaping and implementing the principles and practices
of Fair Trade?
2. How far have particular ‘conduit’ organisations been responsible for linking local producers with the
wider Fair Trade movement?
3. To what extent do the day-to-day conduct of business of Fairtrade International and WFTO present
opportunities or barriers to participation from producer networks in the global South?
3. Mapping Fair Trade Networks:
Visualising the dynamics of a global movement
Matthew Anderson PhD University of Birmingham
Background and Context
Social Movement
‘The spread of fair-trade practices is facilitated by the existence of extended networks of co-operatives and small
retail operators in the West, who try to somehow reach a balance between ethic-driven public action and market
requirement.’ (Donatella Della Porta 2006: 20).
Networks
‘It’s very difficult to say what networks really bring, but I think the value of networks has been grossly underestimated
by a lot of people.’ (Carol Wills, former Director of WFTO, cited in Nicholls and Opal 2005: 254).
‘Fair trade rapidly achieved scale by networking social networks to spread the fair trade message. The movement
did not build new networks, but tied established networks together.’ (Anna Hutchens 2009: 83).
Producer Networks
‘There is increasing funding being made available to strengthen formal Fairtrade networks, with the aim of raising
capacity, awareness and eventually sales, yet the differences between regional networks (in Africa, Asia and Latin
America) are not yet analysed.’ (Nelson & Pound 2009: 6).
4. Mapping Fair Trade Networks:
Visualising the dynamics of a global movement
Matthew Anderson PhD University of Birmingham
Approach & Methodology
PARTICIPATORY METHODOLOGY
Throughout this project the aim is to adopt a participatory approach that values co-production and
recognises the voice of all Fair Trade stakeholders - particularly those that have been
underrepresented in previous research (most notably producers from LDCs).
1) Questionnaires will be sent to Fair Trade producer groups requesting both measurable and freeform
answers in relation issues of governance, networking and meaningfulness of Fair Trade.
2) Interviews with key actors in global representative bodies associated with NGO partnerships,
co-operatives, trade unions and faith groups.
3) Participant observation as part of 6 month internships with Fairtrade International and WFTO. This will
enable ethnographic study of the day-to-day operations.
4) Archival analysis of Fairtrade International and WFTO records relating to the history and development
of fair trade networks, alongside media analysis of news texts in the UK and the US.
5. Mapping Fair Trade Networks:
Visualising the dynamics of a global movement
Matthew Anderson PhD University of Birmingham
Information is Beautiful: Data Visualisation
‘Good data visualisation can help users explore and understand the patterns and trends in data, and also
communicate that understanding to others to help them make robust decisions based on the data being presented.’
Department for Communities and Local Government and OCSI (2009)
1. DataViz: improving data 2. Fairtrade International: 3. Visualising Social Networks:
visualisation for the public sector Data Mapping Fidg’t
*
*
6. Mapping Fair Trade Networks:
Visualising the dynamics of a global movement
Matthew Anderson PhD University of Birmingham
Information is Beautiful: Data Visualisation
3. Visualising Social Networks: Fidg’t
7. Mapping Fair Trade Networks:
Visualising the dynamics of a global movement
Matthew Anderson PhD University of Birmingham
Impact and Beneficiaries Next Steps
It is hoped that this research can be used to inform discussions
This research is particularly timely given the recent about the viability of a range of Fair Trade networking options.
changes to Fairtrade International’s (FLO) governance
structure and the decision by Fair Trade USA to resign • Review role of Producer Networks in decision making.
its membership of Fairtrade International. • Develop new channels for feedback and communication.
These developments have prompted wider discussion • Build online social network tools e.g. IBM Beehive.
about governance and representation within Fair Trade
networks. • Inform Fair Trade peer review or audit process.
• Consider more holistic measures of Fair Trade impact e.g.
This research intends to provide a new perspective and Happiness and Wellbeing.
practical contribution on key areas including:
• Historic growth and development of producer networks. Key References
• Significance of regional producer networks as key 1.C. Barnett, P. Cloke, N. Clarke and M. Malpass, Globalizing Responsibility:
nodes. The Political Rationalities of Ethical Consumption (Chichester: Wiley-
Blackwell, 2011)
• Information flows and power dynamics.
2.D. Della Porta, Social Movements An Introduction (Oxford: Blackwell
• Representation of different meanings and frameworks Publishing, second edition 2006).
of fairness. 3.A. Hutchens, Changing Big Business: The Globalisation of the Fair Trade
Movement (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2009).
4.V. Nelson & B. Pound, The Last Ten Years: A Comprehensive Review of the
Literature on the Impact of Fairtrade (NRI: University of Greenwich, 2009).
This project is being developed in collaboration with Prof Paul Cloke and 5.A. Nicholls & C. Opal, Fair Trade: Market-Driven Ethical Consumption
Dr Ian Cook at the University of Exeter and Christian Nold PhD candidate at UCL (London: Sage, 2004).
8. Mapping Fair Trade Networks:
Visualising the dynamics of a global movement
Matthew Anderson PhD University of Birmingham
www.FairtradeProject.org.uk
www.NetworkbyDesign.co.uk