2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
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tcloc datD['Lta zd!1"uncinat'UlI'Holl'.
3. Pentru ffi1/gu1'>aoo31
unui ['oopuns bun l,a ff'ecventa si lineaJI'i-
mJrela Sicall'ili
g.r&tate, la masUJI1area în cUl!'ent alternatirv s,e utiHzeaZ!a
un iwansf.ormatolr de masura de CU!I'€nt.Acest fapt, permite folosi'I"ea
unei sca'I'i Igmd,ate oomune, latît pentJI1uOUIrenteontinuu, cît si pentru
CUirent ,alternatiIV, UisUJI1Înd
mult munoa: oper,atorului, prin asi.gtJJI1alrea
unei inte!1"pl1'€tari
lfIapide ,a rezultatului maslUJl"arii.
4. Ma:gnetul perman,ent din Alnioo, sasiul eohilpam~tului mo-
bil si ;reziist'en~ele hobinate -de predz;re sînt piese îmbatrînibeoctirfi--
cirn ceea ee gla!M.'llteiCzatimp îndelungat stabilitatea perfoOTmante1or
ridiloate altemulti:mebrului.
5. Schemade masW'.a <CII
multimetrului este 'pII1evaz;uta'cu diode
de proteoti,e 1a sUp113.sardna, pentru evitsil'ea deterioralI'ii iechi'pamen-
tului mobil la .alegerea gresita a domeniului de maISIUJX1Ire'.
6. Pent!mt miÎ!sUJI1area
.l'ezisten1elar mid s..,a preva.zut domeni'lli1
D.ohmi, loare permite dtia:'ea clalfa a. voalorii rezisten1elor cUJ!xinse inboo
0,1 si 10ohmi.
Surn31 de coce-nt este ,asig.lUJI'.ata
timp îndBlung-at de un e1~ment
uBcat cu o~pacitat€. maiI"€',inclus în oa,[1Ossamultimetrului.
7. Multime-tirul OO"€
domeniile de maSUlt'aII'€
de 75 mV tensiUJl€ oon-
tmoo ,si de 5 A curent Hlternativ, oare- prin 'OOlliectaiI"€'a
unor sunturi
exterio3['e, [1espectiv a unor Drans:f]ormatoa""e .de loupent 'COII"es
punza.-
OOaJre
'8.Silg.uraextinderea În oontinuarr.e ,a domenLi1olI'de ma~ul1ffi':eal-e
multimebrUlui.
6 7
4. - Masumrrea curentului continuu:
Cu aljutocl1loomutarf:oruJJui
se ,aJlegedomeniul de masuoore .adec-
vat de 1a:50pA La 5 A cUJrent continuu ioc multimetrul se leaga În
serl~ CUsarei.na. Pentru !reduoerea erocii de masulI:a, se voc pref'era
devi,atii mari. Indioat1a se citeste folosind seam gtradata 'oomunapen-
tru cocent continuu si a!lternatirv.
P.enttu masU/flal!'JE!la
CUJrentulwl,continuu mai mare de 5 A se va
ut;i.}iioo
un sunt extelfÎor oaUbra,t pentru caderea de tensiune de 75roV,
eJVindbOlI'Ilelede tensiune oonedate direct in parale11a bornele
mu:1timetr.ului iOOlI'e
functionelaza pe dmneniuJ. de 75 mV, i,ar bom'ele
de curent conectate în sMe cu S81I'Cina.
Rezultatul masl.1.r&ii
ou sunt exterior este .afectat atît de OI"Oarea
multilmetrului cît 'Side eroarea suntuJui.
- Masurarea tensiiUnti.continue:
Se alege cu ajutorul oomutatOtrului domeniul de masuoore (ldec-
vat de la 1 V Ja 1 000 V tensilUnea oontiI1lUasi se corecteaz'a tensiu-
nea de masurot între bornele ,,+" si ,,-". Se VIaa'Vooîn vedere ca
daca l'ezis'tent;ainterna a sursei este foaa:te mare, v,aJ.oa!rea:
OOJl'entului
din ci<rouitulde masuret este oompemabna cu VIailoaa:eacurentuLui
consumat de multimetru, în oaa:ecaz ~ de masm8re va depa~i
eroarea nommala ,amultimetrolui.
h1 asemenea siwatii este preferata alegell"eaunui domeniu de
rn.ast.waremai m>are,care avînd o rezistenta mm mare si consum de
curent mai mic Viapertmba mai 'Putin starea init]ala ra curentului.
Indioatia se citeste folosind soaJr81
grodata comuna !pentru curent oon-
tLnJuusi alternatirv.
- MaJsurorea OUII"entului
alternoatirv:
Se aIlege eu a!jutocul romutatorului domeIJ.i'Ul
de rnas'UJMre
,adec-
vat de La2,5 mA Ja 5 .A.
cUJrentaltemati'v, muJtimetrul filind conectat
in serie 00 sarcinla.
Pentru masurarea curentului .aJternatirv, in schema de masura
a multime1Jrlu1uieste prevazuta 'Unll'edJ:esoroare perrmite iitlStrumen-
tubui sa masoaJre valoaa:ea medie a curentului iari repered.e scarii gra-
date !COmune
.corespund etalonarlii pentru WIiloarw.efectiva t8:ou:ven-
tul'1.1't,
adiea indicatia instrumentului Il'eprezinta ViaI100rea'
medie în-
multita cu fadorul de forma 1,11 pentru un curent sinUJ80idal Din
aceasta oauza, preciziia masurawii este ,galt'lanbatanumai penbru 00-
rentii iSinusoidaJ.i:,
avlnrd factorul de distorsiune mai mi~ de 2%, in
caz con'booa'
erorile sint mai mari.
La f.olosirea domeniului de masooaa:e de 2,5 mA pentru citrcuite
de sarcina cu rezistenta foarte mica, fonna. eurrentu.lui €8te mult
distorsionata din ca'uza nelini,oo:itatil componentelo,r din schema de
6
masl.LToce
a multimetrului, ceea ce atI1age dupa sine erolI'Îde masu-
mIre suplimentaLre.
La masUIl"aroo'C'UIl"entului
si tensiunii alternative, trebuie sa se
m În considell'aa:eiTIdilOatiiJe
din tabelul 4 cu :prirvke la domeniile de
frecventa.
Pentam masumaa:eaunui cocent mai mare de 5 A se va folosi un
tz,ansfOll"mator
de OUil'ent
,exterior, OOII'espunzatoll",
,alVÎnd
secundarul de
5 A conectat la bornele multimetr'Ului oare functioneaza pe dome-
niuJ. de 5 A, ialI"primarul oonectat în serie cu saIl"Cina.
'Se VIaacorda
atentie OIrdineioon€lctad'IwansfOirmatoruluÎ1de oment si ,anume, mai
inainte se leaga secundarul le: bOIl"ne.le
multimetrolui, si dupa .aceea,
se Jeaga bom'ele primarului la ci;r,euit de masuret. In oazul dreuitu-
lui secundaa- deschis ,al tmnsformatorului de cUJrent În saIl"cina,'i0~
1atia mffu?maIl"i[
'Wlfi distrusa.
- Masl.Warea
tensiunii alternatilve.
Se reaJizeaza simi1oc cu masumll"OO ourentului altern,ativ. Se
aJege cu ajutorul COll1utatorului domeniul de masurnre adecvat de
la 2,5 V la 1000 V, tensiuni ailtelfna:tirvesi se oonJe'cte,azatensiunea
de masurat. Se atrage atenp.a ca rpentlt"udomeniul de masUJI1a1re
de
2,5 V si 10V oonsumul de curent este irelatirvmare.
Cetrintelepentru factorul de distoll"Siunesînt aoeleasioa si la ma-
sUlrarea cUJrentului.aJternatiiV.
- MasUll"air€a
ni'V1elului
semnalului de A.F.
;fn sistemele de >comunicati'ede A.F. pentru 10exprimare comoda
si ~ull"BJrea
oolculelor refell"itoare la Vlaloareaamplificarii si atenuarii
semnaleloa:, s..a aJes a uni,tate 'adimensianala decilbelul (db).
V:aloaJI~aîn db a amplifiJcaIri:i
de puteu:e se calouleaza cu urma-
toarea expresie:
I
,
Kp='10.1g!2 [db]
P1
(1)
In oare : .
Pz - puterea de iesire;
P - puterea de intrare.
De exemplu, pentru un factoc de ampliJficocede putere egala au
1.00,factorul de amplUioare în decibeli, Kp este egal cu 20 db. De
retinut faptul ca în expresie nu se ila În considemre impedanta de
in bmre si de iesire.
Penbru eJGprimareaîn db .a amplitfitarn de tensiune, se fo1oseste
urmatoarea ~es:i>e :
Ku=20.1g g: [db] (2)
9
5. în oare:
U 2 - tenshmea de 1e~il1'e;
UI - tensiunea de intvalre.
De 'exemplu, f,actol1'l1lde ,amplifioatl'e de tensiune egialcu 1000
exprimat în decibeli via fi ~u egal ou 60 db.
In ,apHoatii pr:adiee, s'e considera situatia de iI"etferinta,: Deci~
belUil, putwela de 1 mW disipata pe 10['Iezistenta de 600 ohmi dnd
cadwea de tensiune pe lJ:'ezistenta leste de 0,775 V.
SCaira gll'iadata În db ,a multimetJrului s...,atr.3Slat pe baza oal'C'u-
1elor, lu~nd 'în lOonsideiI"lalJ:',e
,aceloota vaJoall"estandalI1d din ooo-e,oauza se
numeste sCaJIl'a
db absiOlut.
Ni"edul,absolut de puooI1e Kp2=10 19 O~~l (db)
,
(3)
N1v,eluJ absolut de tensi'l1ne KU2=20 19 O~;5 (db)
, (4)
Rrin ul1'maI1e,daca m'l1lltimetrul se foloseste pentru maJsUIl'IaIOOa
În
db a pammetrUoc 'l1neilinii de oomuniloatie de 600 ohmi, rezultatul
se dteste direct :5olosind soam g,mdata În db.
In ,oaz ea putell"ea de inwaJI1e Pl sau t,ensiunea de in1IDare UI nu
cOil'espund oonditiilolJ:' de :referinta ,,0" db,expl1esila 1o~aJritm1ca a. Ta-
pOll'tului maJrimi.1oc de ieske si intI1al'e se numeste ni:vellI"€l.I.ati>v.
Valoai!1e'RnilV€luJIl1i.relatilV se oalcule'a,za cu aljutoruiJ. exiplI1esiÎilOlI'
(1)si (2).
In di'R!glI1ama
din fig. 1 se pl1'ezinta lJ"el,atiadintre VlalOarea.ropar-
tului tell'siun11olJ"sau puteriJor si v,aloalrea expresiei J,ogadtmice tCl
acelui.asi mpoct În db.
Multimetrul 'C'RilJ"e
malso<8JI'a
nivelUil semnaLului, de AF, masoRiI'a
de fapt o tensiune ,alte~:nlatirva.Singurr;a diLf,e[1enta'este ca s'oalDa/5[1a-
data nu este eta,lonata în volti d în db, oorespunzator nivellUliUÎab-
solut pen1:Jr:utensiune (u:-,ef,erintaO dh=l mW-600 ohmi) iar func-
tionarea multimetrului, 'aLeas,a cu lajutolJ"Ulloomu;batomuluioOlrespunde
domeniului de masuI'ia.re de 2,5 V tensiunea ,alternativa. Pentru ten-
siun] ma1 ma.ri trelbuile IClJLels'e
oOiI'espunzatolr domenii: de maSiUJl1are
mai
fil11riilf1ir
J.ai'ndioati:a multimetll'1bl11'ise via adauga o v,aloa.rea ,constanta
în db conform indiJoatiiJor din tabeLul 5.
NiveLullt'e1ati'V ,de tensiune se ,obtine scazînd din VrC~loall'ea
ma-
surata in db al tensiuni:i de ie:si!f'e,v,alORilJ"OO
masurata În db a tensiu-
nii de intr,atre. Va10DJI'e'a
latbSiOlutasi re1atiJva a nirv,elului de putere, se
oalculeaza luînd În eon;sildomare impedantel,e de intl!'aa:esi iesill"esi
nivelul tensmnii. Numai În situ.atLa ca imped,an~ele de in1Jrore si
iesill"e ,sint .eg'a:1.e
eu .600 ohmi (de ex.emplu 10lini,€"de wansmisie-'CO-
10
&
mun:mtie) C'l1 impedanta pl1opll'ie de 600 ohmi si a slareini!i. de
600 ohmi), VlaloaJlI'eaniv,el.ului cu pute'I"€si la niv,elului de tensiune
sînt identke.
Pentru masU'mrea: niV'elurUrÎ'unui semnal de AF sUipll',apuspeste
o 'componenta oontinua treibui'e conectat un loondensator de 0,1 uF
În S€rle cu oo['na ,,+" pentlru a blooa tensiunea continua.
~ Masoowea ll'ezistente1o~ În curent oontinuu.
CQll'ventionail fisa ;rosi,e se intI1oduoe În bOll'na ,,+" si fisa neagn'a
În ,forma" *" i'ar cu ,ajutorul eomutatOTUlui se alege unul din do-
meniile de masu,nare cuprinse între XI X 10 K. Pr,in SC'UIl'tcilI"-
cuita!f'ea eapeteloc de pl'Oba ,alecordoanelor de masui!"'RiIl'e
,ale multi-
metrului, ,a,cul indioator devi.aza spl1'e oapatul din dreapta ,al scarii
gr.aidate. Ou ajutOirul potentiometrului de ,ajustRill'€ pentru Z'eII'O
ohm
se face ca indjcatol"ul sa .arate ex,ad z'e'I"o.Apoi se aplioa oalpetele de
proba pe terminalel,e rezistentei Rx si se dteste indimti,a pe sqalDa
gr~data În ohmi.
La bazla functionarrH domeniilor de maSUiI1Rill'e
la iI'ezistentelOlI' sta
Utmlato,rol principiu:
Re7istenta totala a ohmmetrului Rt ,si lI1ezistenta Rx sînt În serie.
Daca valo3.ll"ealui Rx se ,apropi'e de vlaloare,a llui Rt modÎ'f:loarr€lacu-
rentului datorita modHkalJ"ii lui Rx ,est,e impOirtant<a si lungimea di-
viziunUorr este mwe.
Daca v<aloaJI1ea
lui Rx dHera mult de Rt, modifioRill'eacUil"entulw
este milca si 1ungimea diviziunHo:r este mi/ca. De ,aid ,r'ezulta ca SOalI'la
ohmmetrului 'este nelinema si anume În palrtea de mijloc T,epe-
I'ele sînt fia!l"eilalr înspl"e oapete reperele sînt des'e. Bro,;roa nomi-
nala ,a multimetlrului pentro domeniul de maSUil121re
,a ,!'e'7istentelor
este exprimata În pI"ocente d;n lungimea 'alraului (scarii giI'adate) oadi>ca
oroarea în fieoa're pUll'ctal sca'rii mportata la lungilmea Ril1culuialI"e
aceeasi valoare, totusi eroarea relativa a ohmmetrului exprimata În
pr-ocente din v,a!loarrea,adevaIJ:"ata,est'e mai mka l'a mi'jlocul scarii si
C'I'e:ste Înspre capetele scarii. .
El'oa,r'8a ,rejativa În orice punct ,a,1s.ca,rii ohmmetrului ,exprimata
În 'plfocente din valoa,r'eaadevaJrata poate fioal<cul,ata cu 'l1rmato.aT,ea;
e~~i'e:
1
î'nx=î'a n(l-n) (6)
in care:
1'". - eroarea 'relativa raohmmekuluiexprimata î'1 procenLe
din valoarea adevarata.
11
6. î'a- eroarea relativa a ohmmetruJui e~primata în proaente
din lungimea aroului.
n - l1'aIpOrtulrezistentei Rx la rezistenta totala ardomeniu-
l
. d
. t ta d
. - R",
'li! e reZlS €n. a lea n = R.+R", .
Pe :ooza lI'elatiei (6) se poate tDas,acurrba din firg. 2.
Se constata ca curba erorii cr:elativeprezinta 'lin miniJm pentru
pairtea de miljloc a scarU si creste IfIapid spre cele doua capete ,ale
scaJrii. Valoarea erorii relative minime este de 4 oci valooifea e!'Dirii
nominale. Deci pentru obtinerea unor r~tate cit mai precise, tre-
I:' I I I I I , 2
10S
10'
10J
102
10'
10.
o 10 10 ~O ;0 6Q dl>
30
1} U~
IJ ; tlk IIdtlJ ; 2} ~/...:rlKpttdbl
,u ..
FIii L Diagrama 1) U~/Ua=f(1i.m) (41)) P2/Pt,-IIK,) (dl))
1.2
bu1e sa se .alesga domeniul de rnasurratr,e
al ohmmetrolui pentru a8lre
indiICatO!rll.ll
are o pozi'tie în p8lftea de mijloc a scarii.
Ca surrsade curent pentru domeniille QX 1 pîna l'a QX 1 K se f.olo-
seste un element uscat de 1,5 V iar pentru domeniul QX 10 K .oba-
terie multistirat miniatucr:a de 15 V. Valoavea tensiunH sursei la S8Ir-
cina nominala nu trebui'e sa difere cu mai mult de :t 10% din ten-
siunea nominala.
Daca 1a saucr:tcilrCUitalI'ea
bornelor ,acul indica,tolrnu poate fi adus
1'3reperul zero cu ajutorol corectOiI"llluide zero ohmi, înseamna ca
bater-ia este, des,caII'cata.
Bater1,aveche trebuie în1ocuita fara întkzi,etr'epentru a f,eri mw-
time1Jr.uJ.
de o eventuala C<Jil'oziune.
De ia'Semeneadaca ohmmetruJ. nu
va fi <folosittimp Înde1JU.ngat
bateriile trebuie sooase <afara.
Pentru rnas1IDarearezistentelor mici este prevazut domeniul de
masux.are D ohmi.
In 18lcest
oaz cu ,ajutorul oomutatoru1uL se ,alege domeniiUlD ohmi
sau ,ohmi Xl, se introduce fisa de 'Scucr:tciiI"CuitalI'e
exterio8lra În bor-
nele ,,+" si ,,*", ceea ce atrage dupa sine devierea indioatoa-ului spre
capatul din droapta al scarii.
Ou .ajutorul potenti.ometru1ui de rajustare rpentru Ze<fO
ohmi se
aduce indicatorul exact în dveptul l1'eperului ro pe scara "D ohm1".
Se intDoduce fhs'arosie în orHiciul tlI'aru;versalal fisei de scucr:t-
drcuitarre exterioa~'e iar fisa neagII'a În borna spedala "D ohmi" si
-t"... °/.
'" )0
" 20
10
l"
ro 500 200 tOC) 60 ta 3C) 20 IS 10 a
Q
Fig.2: CUl'ba erorii ohmetrulul.
L 2 1 0,5 O
fi
13
-~
.1'
/
- " --
V
.1'
-/
--- -
---
/
- .1' ---
V -- ------i
-
f ---
!V"
-
'
.
I
/
" -----
"""-
- - - - .- -
I
7. prin s'Curtc:ll'cuitail'ea IcapeteLor de ppaba iale lOo['ldoanelo;rde maswra,
indiloatoil'ul kleibuie sa almte €XJad "O" pe eOail'a "D ohmi,". ÂOOOi..c;ta
îns'eamna ca functionaJroa ohmmetrului este nOil'mala si cOTdoane:Lede
maJsUJrapot fi foLosite pentru masull'1area ['Iezisten~ei nelounoscute.
Din cauza ca pe domeniul de maswr,ar,e "D ,ohmi" Il'ezistenta to-
tala a ci!rlcuitului ,este miea, webui<e 'evitata infJ.uenta Irezistenvei de
oontact 08;['l€
inwoduceeftOlri de mas'l1lf1ail"'e
suplimentare.
Rezisten~a totala a loeloa:'doua eOr1doane ,arlemultimewului este
de 0,05 ohmi la tempe.mtull'a ambianta de 20 °c. Daca Lasourtcircuita-
rea oapeteLoa:' de pa:'oba ale cOIl'1doaneloa:,ve!l'itEicaa:e,arminti.ta mai
sus, indilOatoiJ:,ul
nu ,ajunge ,l,aa:epea:ul O îns,eamna ,ca >aintervenit un
contact slab sau ca a ca:escut il"ezistenta eOl1'doanelor din oauza Il'U-
perii unarfi['le din oonductorul flexiibH multifi1aa:. Pentm Il'emedie-
rea aoostei situatii, k,eibuie înlatuI'Iat >contactul sLab sau înLocuit con-
ductoa'Ul def,ed. Pentru ,colrdoanele multimetcr'ului se utilizleaza dte
un conductor de Cu, multirfil:aa: foaa:te flerxilbH cu s€>ctiunea totala
de 0,7 mm2 si luu'gimea de cCia1 m. *
Pe domeniul de mas'..1lI'1arre
D ohmioonsUimul de CUI1ent,alohm-
metrului leste 'cuprins între 0,1 si 0,13 A. Pentru a Il'eduoc OOlliSUmLUl'ea
bateri>ei, ,dupa efeduoatrela masuII"a!I'ii,s,e v,a schimba pozitia COlffi'utato-
['ului, pe un alt domeniu.
LISTA DE PIESE
R1 - R€zistenta cu pelicula metalka 0,125W 18,5Kohmi::tO,l %
R2 - Rezistenta, 'ou pelicula metalica 0,125W 30 Kohmi::tO,l %
R3 - Rezistenta 'cu pelkula metalica 0,125 W 50 Kohm~::tO,l %
R4 - H>ezistentacu peUcula metalica 0,125W 100Kohmi::tO,l %
R5 - Rezistenta cu. pelic'l1la metalilca, 0,25 W 300 Kohmi;::t 0,1%
R6 - Rezistent'a cu pelicula metalka 0,25 W 500 Kohmi :tO,l %
R7 - Re'zils.t,enta
cu pelicula metali,ca 0,5W 1 Mohmi:tO,l %
R8 - Relzistenta ou pelicula metalilca 0,5 W 3 Mohmi:tCl,I%
R9 - R€zistenta .ou pelicula metalica 0,5 W 5 Mohmi::t0,25%
RID - Rezistenta au P21ilcu:,a metalica 0,5 W 10 Mohmi::t0.25%
EU - Sunt 5 A 0,06 Dhmi::t0,15%
H12 - Sunt 1 A 0,24 ohmi::t0,15%
R13 - Hezistenta bobinata . 2,7 ohmi::t0,15%
R14 - Rezistenta bobin.ata 9 ohmi::t0,15%
R15 - ,Rezistenta bohill'ata 18 ohmi::t0,15%
R16 - H;ezirStentab binata 30 ohmi::tO,15%
R17 - Rezistenta bobinata 240 ohmi,::t0,15%
. ATENTIE! Cord()anele de masura se garanteaza pîna la tensiunea de
560V.
14 ~~p
J~'
- "-
R17 - >Rezistenta bobinata 900 ohmi::t 0,15%
R19 - [R'ezistenta cu pelicula metalka 4,8 Kohmi:!: 0,1 O
!
R20 - iRezilSteata bOibinata 750ohmi::t0,250A
R21 - iRezilst,enta bobinata 120 ohmi::t 0,25 oii
R22 - T€Il'ffiistor ,120ohmi::t20%
R23 - -Rezistentaeu pellkuJametaliea 133Kohmi.:tO,lYo
R24 - Rezistenta bobinata 11,4ohmi,:t 0,25%
R25 - Hezistenta babinata, 108,30hmi::t0'r5%
R2,6 - RezilStenta'cu pelicula metalka 13,3Kohmi:t 0,1%
R27 - Rezistenta bobi'nata 1202 ohmi:t0,25%
R28 - Rezistenta cu pelitcula metaHca 2.7 Kohmi::tO,l %
R29 - Rezistenta C'U
peIkula metalioa 2 Kohmi::tO,l% .
R30 - RezilStenta bobinata 600 ohmi:t0
~
"5%
R31 - Rezistenta boibilllata 450ohmi:t0 5%
R32 - Rezistenta de oompensalI'edin Cu 160 ohrmi:tO 25%
R33 - Rezistenta eu pe1i:cula metali'Ca 3,6 Kohmi::t ,1%
R34 - Hezistenta cu pelilOula metalka 3 Kohmi:tOp %
R35 - Rezistenta bobinata 710 ohmi::t~,15%
R36 - Hezistenta bobinata 500ohmi::tb,25%
RW1 - Rezistenta hobinata rergl,abila 150 '0hmi::tlO%
RW2 - Hezistenta bobinata mgrl,abna 1 000ohm~:t 10%
RW3 - Rezistentaboibinata regl,abi:la 600ohmi, 10%
RW4 - Po;tentiomeku iriegl,a>re
ze,roohmi 1 900oh i,::t50ohmi
CI - Condens.atoa: 180pF (sede 2X360pF, 500V)
C2 - Oondenls'atOir 25 pF .(sede 2 X51 pF, 00 V)
C3 - Condensator 10 pF, 5 OV
C4 - Condens.atoa: elect!l'olitic 10 ~LF, 1 V
C5 - OondensHto!l' 0,047 f.L
J
' 160 V
0.1, D2 - Diode glelrmaniru 2AK
.
2
D3, D4 - Diode silidu 2C p12
K1 - COO1utator selectoa: domeniu
K2, K3 - Comutator mod de lucru
M - Apwat indi'Oato['magnetO'elelCtrilc,
CT - TIl'ans:50irmatOir
de masura
El - Baterie 'llSlOata1,5 V
I
I
I
I
E2 - Baterie usoata 15 V
45!JÂ, 400ohmi
R20 Nu seiasigu!l"a de fur-
nizocr
10F2;0 Nul se asigma de
fumiZ'or /
/
8. SCHEMA GENERALA A APARtTUlUI
M
l.OOQ
RW:J
o-,
5~A 600
2CP12
AJustart! generala ce
K) Q
~ ---U-i
o~
03
.
Ajustare -
generala ca
600
~
XJ CI.
R I01fr'
L3J,O ,]
1ffJIC .
~KRw 2
CT Ajustare 75 mV
"):]
P"I
,S
1
- - - - .. - I o o u <.!.
~
v .,Oi.!fJF,. . .
'
" 2,5 ,0 25 100:'~0500 lK IKsao DO :,;) 10 2,S 2,5 2S 2':JJ
.
It. 5:.t SA 1A 10025 S
K1 " Y.. / ~ '-- V '--mA ---/ mA
q' EI'.s'-~~
-:.u-t~ . R 2{,
~"'4~~~
I : E2'5'" "R2J
i I
I I
I I
I Ii
!) t
I
* + I DQ. I
.""" I
._"J Schema cameÎ pentru 1.-. I
curent alternativ SI curent contirlw,Purdul dec()n~act c°'llcndat K!
r
I i
!Ohm;Schema ctJmei pen1ru cur~llt oltern<ltlv 'S~cw-ent Il
continuu; Purdul de contact ,cO'ncndat K} L
I
.. =[-==~r=I--~ I~--TL-T--=r=o
60° 100° 1200 140'" 160°1800 2OOC" 2200 .WO 2600, 2:Boo3OO"]l(JO 340<>' 00 2(1" J"O° 6W
18,51<
1?1
OIAGRAMA PENTRU UNGHIURilE CAMEl