Uluru, also known as Ayers Rock, is a large sandstone rock formation in Australia that was originally named by William Gosse in 1873. At 348 meters tall and around 3.6 kilometers long, Uluru is a massive landmark that glows beautifully at night due to its sandstone composition and can be seen from 100 kilometers away. The document provides background information on Uluru, including its size, appearance at different times of day, and historical naming.