This article provides an overview of Virginia's Alcoholic Beverage Control (ABC) enforcement and discusses the agency's role and procedures. It interviews Joseph Cannon, Special Agent in Charge of the ABC office in Charlottesville, about the agency's mission to control alcohol distribution and enforce laws while providing public safety. Cannon explains ABC officers' engagement procedures and denies accusations of racial profiling. The article also discusses Governor McAuliffe's Executive Order requiring additional training for ABC agents following the controversial arrest of UVA student Martese Johnson.
Jealousy, greed, and ego still torment modern man. The document discusses classic films like Ben-Hur, Cleopatra, and Quo Vadis that offer lessons about faith, courage, fear, prejudice, and how humans brutalize each other over religious and ethnic differences. Watching the films again provided new insights into how power and poor judgment in the hands of corrupt leaders can have disastrous consequences for people. By extension, modern leaders exhibiting similar behaviors through politics, at home, or in the workplace are also causing suffering, as depicted in the films. The sad truth is that jealousy, greed, and ego still divide people and foster hatred today, as humans still love violence against those branded as criminals.
Frederick Douglass. A book written by himself. Part of our incredible American history. Well worth your time to read to better understand the issues of the day. A great historical book. Gloucester, Virginia Links and News website. Visit us for more incredible content.
Join us for two wonderful days to discover the power of storytelling in different contexts. Come to Berlin in spring and discover the stories you can tell and the storyteller within you.
Apply here: bit.ly/1iz2Ya8
This document discusses ideas for generating story ideas for a newspaper targeted at teenagers. It proposes focusing on crime, tragedies, sports, and local education news. Market research found that most people prefer a black and white house style and either a medieval or bold black serif font for the masthead on the front cover to appeal to teenage readers and stick to tabloid newspaper conventions.
The document provides an interview transcript with Cecil Baldwin, the voice of Night Vale. It begins with welcoming remarks from the Byline magazine editor, Xander Cosgrave, introducing the new academic year and Byline magazine. It then discusses the typical experiences of freshers week like hangovers and socializing. The rest of the document consists of short fiction pieces, humor articles, and introductions to the magazine's sections on film, music, gaming, etc.
The document summarizes an interview with Cecil Baldwin, the voice of Night Vale. It begins with welcoming Baldwin and introducing the publication. Baldwin discusses his role on the popular podcast Welcome to Night Vale and how he brings the strange town and its citizens to life through his narration. He also talks about some of the inspirations behind the show and its surreal yet entertaining style.
1) The document discusses how gender stereotypes are perpetuated through media representations that reinforce the gender divide and portray women as passive beings.
2) It argues that while gender roles may have evolved from traditional notions of women as nurturers and men as protectors/leaders, examination of modern media still reflects the privilege of males and prejudices against females.
3) The analysis suggests that myths, stories, and religious texts from throughout history have implicitly portrayed women as weaker and more morally flawed than men, helping to establish psychological constructs that have oppressed women.
This article provides an overview of Virginia's Alcoholic Beverage Control (ABC) enforcement and discusses the agency's role and procedures. It interviews Joseph Cannon, Special Agent in Charge of the ABC office in Charlottesville, about the agency's mission to control alcohol distribution and enforce laws while providing public safety. Cannon explains ABC officers' engagement procedures and denies accusations of racial profiling. The article also discusses Governor McAuliffe's Executive Order requiring additional training for ABC agents following the controversial arrest of UVA student Martese Johnson.
Jealousy, greed, and ego still torment modern man. The document discusses classic films like Ben-Hur, Cleopatra, and Quo Vadis that offer lessons about faith, courage, fear, prejudice, and how humans brutalize each other over religious and ethnic differences. Watching the films again provided new insights into how power and poor judgment in the hands of corrupt leaders can have disastrous consequences for people. By extension, modern leaders exhibiting similar behaviors through politics, at home, or in the workplace are also causing suffering, as depicted in the films. The sad truth is that jealousy, greed, and ego still divide people and foster hatred today, as humans still love violence against those branded as criminals.
Frederick Douglass. A book written by himself. Part of our incredible American history. Well worth your time to read to better understand the issues of the day. A great historical book. Gloucester, Virginia Links and News website. Visit us for more incredible content.
Join us for two wonderful days to discover the power of storytelling in different contexts. Come to Berlin in spring and discover the stories you can tell and the storyteller within you.
Apply here: bit.ly/1iz2Ya8
This document discusses ideas for generating story ideas for a newspaper targeted at teenagers. It proposes focusing on crime, tragedies, sports, and local education news. Market research found that most people prefer a black and white house style and either a medieval or bold black serif font for the masthead on the front cover to appeal to teenage readers and stick to tabloid newspaper conventions.
The document provides an interview transcript with Cecil Baldwin, the voice of Night Vale. It begins with welcoming remarks from the Byline magazine editor, Xander Cosgrave, introducing the new academic year and Byline magazine. It then discusses the typical experiences of freshers week like hangovers and socializing. The rest of the document consists of short fiction pieces, humor articles, and introductions to the magazine's sections on film, music, gaming, etc.
The document summarizes an interview with Cecil Baldwin, the voice of Night Vale. It begins with welcoming Baldwin and introducing the publication. Baldwin discusses his role on the popular podcast Welcome to Night Vale and how he brings the strange town and its citizens to life through his narration. He also talks about some of the inspirations behind the show and its surreal yet entertaining style.
1) The document discusses how gender stereotypes are perpetuated through media representations that reinforce the gender divide and portray women as passive beings.
2) It argues that while gender roles may have evolved from traditional notions of women as nurturers and men as protectors/leaders, examination of modern media still reflects the privilege of males and prejudices against females.
3) The analysis suggests that myths, stories, and religious texts from throughout history have implicitly portrayed women as weaker and more morally flawed than men, helping to establish psychological constructs that have oppressed women.
This document discusses identity and how it relates to terrorism in Europe. It argues that while some see a pan-Islamic identity or "Ummah" as fueling terrorism, in reality religious identity is complex and multifaceted. Terrorism is often motivated more by political goals than religious teachings. The document also discusses how globalization and transnational relations were expected to foster more cosmopolitan identities and cooperation, but instead ethnic and cultural conflicts have increased as identities become more isolated. It analyzes how immigrants and their descendants in Europe struggle with competing identities in their new environments.
This newsletter provides updates on recent news and events related to Germany and Jewish affairs. It discusses the controversy over a book by Thilo Sarrazin criticizing Muslim immigration in Germany and making racist claims about Jews. It also covers the ordination of new rabbis in Germany, demonstrations by neo-Nazis and counter-protests, and the opening of a new synagogue where one was destroyed by Nazis. Throughout, it analyzes these topics and their significance for Jewish communities and integration in Germany.
Don't Hate - Debate! (Freedom of Speech) || Australian Islamic Library || www...Muhammad Nabeel Musharraf
This document discusses the concept of freedom of speech and whether it includes the right to insult and degrade others. It argues that insulting language does not further the objectives of free speech, which are to seek truth, facilitate progress, and hold those in power accountable. Insults create barriers to understanding and can even lead to harm. While free speech is important, with rights come responsibilities. Societies that tolerate uncivil and abusive language may become more divided. The document advocates for respectful discussion that understands different perspectives.
How To Kill A Mockingbird Essay. To Kill A Mockingbird Essay TelegraphBeth Retzlaff
Essay on to Kill a Mockingbird | To Kill A Mockingbird | Free 30-day .... To kill a mockingbird essay. To Kill a Mockingbird Essay. Literary essay for to kill a mockingbird. An essay on to kill a mockingbird - College Homework Help and Online .... Surprising To Kill A Mockingbird Essay Prompts ~ Thatsnotus. To Kill A Mocking Bird Essay On Courage. To Kill A Mockingbird Essay Part 1 - GCSE English - Marked by Teachers.com. The Help And To Kill A Mockingbird Essay. To Kill a Mockingbird Essay | English (Advanced) - Year 11 HSC | Thinkswap. Essay on To Kill a Mockingbird: Writing Guide for Every Student .... To Kill a Mockingbird Essay - GCSE English - Marked by Teachers.com. To Kill a Mockingbird Sample Essays - DocsLib. To Kill a Mockingbird. To Kill A MockingBird Essay | English (Academic) - Grade 10 OSSD .... to kill a mockingbird essay. Essay: To Kill A Mockingbird | English (Advanced) - Year 11 HSC | Thinkswap. To Kill a Mockingbird Essay | Year 12 HSC - English (Advanced) | Thinkswap. Essays on to kill a mockingbird symbolism in 2021 | Essay, Essay .... How To Kill A Mockingbird Study Guide Questions - Study Poster. To Kill A Mockingbird Essay – Telegraph. To Kill A Mockingbird Essay | Literature - Year 11 WACE | Thinkswap. Student essay to kill a mockingbird | To Kill a Mockingbird Essay ....
Responding to Revolution with Relevant Reformation ResourcesPeter Hammond
This document calls Christians to stand up against revolutionary forces seeking to undermine Christian civilization. It summarizes recent race riots in the US and warns that many rioters came from Christian homes without proper biblical teaching. It urges Christians to engage culture rather than ignore issues and to provide discipleship teaching youth how to defend their faith. The document lists resources for understanding cultural Marxism and exposing its agenda, and encourages training young people to survive and thrive through biblical worldview teaching.
The document discusses the long road that led to the Holocaust, exploring religious anti-Semitism, racial anti-Semitism, and political environment as preconditions. Religious anti-Semitism stemmed from ancient times and the myth that Jews crucified Jesus, subjecting them to persecution for centuries. Racial anti-Semitism developed in the late 1800s as German scholars promoted theories of Aryan racial purity and Jewish degradation. The political environment, influenced by imperialism and defeat in WWI, allowed anti-Semitic nationalists to scapegoat Jews and foster resentment. All of these factors reinforced each other over many years to create a society accepting of Jewish persecution and the horrors to come.
WE SHOULD PAY MORE ATTENTION to WHAT is DELETEDPeter Hammond
The document discusses how truth and history are often suppressed or manipulated by those in power. It notes that more attention should be paid to what is deleted rather than just what is reported. Key points made include that facts are often hidden to protect lies and propaganda, and inconvenient facts from important historical events and figures are routinely sealed for decades to control the narrative. The document warns of a rising tide of censorship and the suppression of free speech.
This document discusses several quotes from prominent historical figures praising Prophet Muhammad. It begins by mentioning he was honored by the US Supreme Court in 1935 for being a great lawgiver. It then shares quotes from figures like Lamartine, Gandhi, Michael Hart, George Bernard Shaw, and others praising Muhammad's influence, character, and the rapid spread of Islam not by force but by Muhammad's teachings and example. The document emphasizes Muhammad's integrity, wisdom, kindness, humility, generosity, and leadership based on quotes from historians like Montgomery Watt, Sir William Muir, and Edward Gibbon.
Maus an analysis novel by art spiegelmanAlexRobert25
1) Maus is a graphic novel by Art Spiegelman that depicts his father's experience surviving the Holocaust. It portrays Jews as mice and Nazis as cats. This was meant to allow a new perspective on the history.
2) There was denial of the Holocaust in the Arab/Muslim world and anti-Semitism still exists. Nazis spread propaganda to Arabs against Jewish migration to Palestine. Tensions increased between Jews and Arabs from the 1950s-1980s due to Jewish migration from Arab states.
3) Spiegelman used animals to force readers to confront the inhumanity and brutality of what happened, while also showing human resilience and survival. German hatred of Jews became linked to
Blood Donation Essay | Essay on Blood Donation for Students and .... Blood Donation Essay in English | 150, 200, 300 Words. Importance of blood donation. Persuasive Essay on the Blood Donation - PHDessay.com. Benefits of donating blood | Value Food. 10 Lines On Blood Donation/ Essay On Blood Donation/Blood Donation .... Essay on Importance of Blood Donation in English || Paragraph on .... blood donation & its importance. ⛔ The importance of donating blood essay. The Importance of Donating ....
This document provides a biographical sketch of Emma Goldman. It summarizes that she was born in 1869 in Russia to Jewish parents and grew up experiencing the oppression of the Russian government. As a young girl, she was inspired by revolutionary ideas in St. Petersburg in the 1880s. She moved to America in 1886 hoping to find freedom, but was quickly disillusioned by the conditions she found. The sketch outlines her early experiences working in a factory in Rochester, New York and feeling isolated living in a small American city with strict Puritan values.
This document discusses the complex relationship between censorship and freedom of speech. It examines how censorship can be used as a tool for control by governments and religions but may also be a "moral necessity" to avoid social harms. The document analyzes how works like Salman Rushdie's The Satanic Verses highlighted these issues, as it caused controversy but also discussion on relations between East and West. Overall, the document argues that both censorship and unlimited free speech can be dangerous, and a balance or "ever circling" between the two is needed for societies to function and evolve.
Myth Essay. Essays on a Science of Mythology Princeton University PressCynthia Washington
Greek Mythology essay example - 459 Words - NerdySeal. Greek Mythology Essay 1 by Megan Altman | Teachers Pay Teachers. Short essay on greek mythology. Greek mythology essay - articleeducation.x.fc2.com. Introduction to Modern Myths Essay Example | Topics and Well Written .... Business paper: Mythology essay. Greek Mythology Essay. ≫ Ancient Greek Mythology Free Essay Sample on Samploon.com.
El Puerto de Algeciras continúa un año más como el más eficiente del continente europeo y vuelve a situarse en el “top ten” mundial, según el informe The Container Port Performance Index 2023 (CPPI), elaborado por el Banco Mundial y la consultora S&P Global.
El informe CPPI utiliza dos enfoques metodológicos diferentes para calcular la clasificación del índice: uno administrativo o técnico y otro estadístico, basado en análisis factorial (FA). Según los autores, esta dualidad pretende asegurar una clasificación que refleje con precisión el rendimiento real del puerto, a la vez que sea estadísticamente sólida. En esta edición del informe CPPI 2023, se han empleado los mismos enfoques metodológicos y se ha aplicado un método de agregación de clasificaciones para combinar los resultados de ambos enfoques y obtener una clasificación agregada.
Here is Gabe Whitley's response to my defamation lawsuit for him calling me a rapist and perjurer in court documents.
You have to read it to believe it, but after you read it, you won't believe it. And I included eight examples of defamatory statements/
An astonishing, first-of-its-kind, report by the NYT assessing damage in Ukraine. Even if the war ends tomorrow, in many places there will be nothing to go back to.
04062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
Essential Tools for Modern PR Business .pptxPragencyuk
Discover the essential tools and strategies for modern PR business success. Learn how to craft compelling news releases, leverage press release sites and news wires, stay updated with PR news, and integrate effective PR practices to enhance your brand's visibility and credibility. Elevate your PR efforts with our comprehensive guide.
This document discusses identity and how it relates to terrorism in Europe. It argues that while some see a pan-Islamic identity or "Ummah" as fueling terrorism, in reality religious identity is complex and multifaceted. Terrorism is often motivated more by political goals than religious teachings. The document also discusses how globalization and transnational relations were expected to foster more cosmopolitan identities and cooperation, but instead ethnic and cultural conflicts have increased as identities become more isolated. It analyzes how immigrants and their descendants in Europe struggle with competing identities in their new environments.
This newsletter provides updates on recent news and events related to Germany and Jewish affairs. It discusses the controversy over a book by Thilo Sarrazin criticizing Muslim immigration in Germany and making racist claims about Jews. It also covers the ordination of new rabbis in Germany, demonstrations by neo-Nazis and counter-protests, and the opening of a new synagogue where one was destroyed by Nazis. Throughout, it analyzes these topics and their significance for Jewish communities and integration in Germany.
Don't Hate - Debate! (Freedom of Speech) || Australian Islamic Library || www...Muhammad Nabeel Musharraf
This document discusses the concept of freedom of speech and whether it includes the right to insult and degrade others. It argues that insulting language does not further the objectives of free speech, which are to seek truth, facilitate progress, and hold those in power accountable. Insults create barriers to understanding and can even lead to harm. While free speech is important, with rights come responsibilities. Societies that tolerate uncivil and abusive language may become more divided. The document advocates for respectful discussion that understands different perspectives.
How To Kill A Mockingbird Essay. To Kill A Mockingbird Essay TelegraphBeth Retzlaff
Essay on to Kill a Mockingbird | To Kill A Mockingbird | Free 30-day .... To kill a mockingbird essay. To Kill a Mockingbird Essay. Literary essay for to kill a mockingbird. An essay on to kill a mockingbird - College Homework Help and Online .... Surprising To Kill A Mockingbird Essay Prompts ~ Thatsnotus. To Kill A Mocking Bird Essay On Courage. To Kill A Mockingbird Essay Part 1 - GCSE English - Marked by Teachers.com. The Help And To Kill A Mockingbird Essay. To Kill a Mockingbird Essay | English (Advanced) - Year 11 HSC | Thinkswap. Essay on To Kill a Mockingbird: Writing Guide for Every Student .... To Kill a Mockingbird Essay - GCSE English - Marked by Teachers.com. To Kill a Mockingbird Sample Essays - DocsLib. To Kill a Mockingbird. To Kill A MockingBird Essay | English (Academic) - Grade 10 OSSD .... to kill a mockingbird essay. Essay: To Kill A Mockingbird | English (Advanced) - Year 11 HSC | Thinkswap. To Kill a Mockingbird Essay | Year 12 HSC - English (Advanced) | Thinkswap. Essays on to kill a mockingbird symbolism in 2021 | Essay, Essay .... How To Kill A Mockingbird Study Guide Questions - Study Poster. To Kill A Mockingbird Essay – Telegraph. To Kill A Mockingbird Essay | Literature - Year 11 WACE | Thinkswap. Student essay to kill a mockingbird | To Kill a Mockingbird Essay ....
Responding to Revolution with Relevant Reformation ResourcesPeter Hammond
This document calls Christians to stand up against revolutionary forces seeking to undermine Christian civilization. It summarizes recent race riots in the US and warns that many rioters came from Christian homes without proper biblical teaching. It urges Christians to engage culture rather than ignore issues and to provide discipleship teaching youth how to defend their faith. The document lists resources for understanding cultural Marxism and exposing its agenda, and encourages training young people to survive and thrive through biblical worldview teaching.
The document discusses the long road that led to the Holocaust, exploring religious anti-Semitism, racial anti-Semitism, and political environment as preconditions. Religious anti-Semitism stemmed from ancient times and the myth that Jews crucified Jesus, subjecting them to persecution for centuries. Racial anti-Semitism developed in the late 1800s as German scholars promoted theories of Aryan racial purity and Jewish degradation. The political environment, influenced by imperialism and defeat in WWI, allowed anti-Semitic nationalists to scapegoat Jews and foster resentment. All of these factors reinforced each other over many years to create a society accepting of Jewish persecution and the horrors to come.
WE SHOULD PAY MORE ATTENTION to WHAT is DELETEDPeter Hammond
The document discusses how truth and history are often suppressed or manipulated by those in power. It notes that more attention should be paid to what is deleted rather than just what is reported. Key points made include that facts are often hidden to protect lies and propaganda, and inconvenient facts from important historical events and figures are routinely sealed for decades to control the narrative. The document warns of a rising tide of censorship and the suppression of free speech.
This document discusses several quotes from prominent historical figures praising Prophet Muhammad. It begins by mentioning he was honored by the US Supreme Court in 1935 for being a great lawgiver. It then shares quotes from figures like Lamartine, Gandhi, Michael Hart, George Bernard Shaw, and others praising Muhammad's influence, character, and the rapid spread of Islam not by force but by Muhammad's teachings and example. The document emphasizes Muhammad's integrity, wisdom, kindness, humility, generosity, and leadership based on quotes from historians like Montgomery Watt, Sir William Muir, and Edward Gibbon.
Maus an analysis novel by art spiegelmanAlexRobert25
1) Maus is a graphic novel by Art Spiegelman that depicts his father's experience surviving the Holocaust. It portrays Jews as mice and Nazis as cats. This was meant to allow a new perspective on the history.
2) There was denial of the Holocaust in the Arab/Muslim world and anti-Semitism still exists. Nazis spread propaganda to Arabs against Jewish migration to Palestine. Tensions increased between Jews and Arabs from the 1950s-1980s due to Jewish migration from Arab states.
3) Spiegelman used animals to force readers to confront the inhumanity and brutality of what happened, while also showing human resilience and survival. German hatred of Jews became linked to
Blood Donation Essay | Essay on Blood Donation for Students and .... Blood Donation Essay in English | 150, 200, 300 Words. Importance of blood donation. Persuasive Essay on the Blood Donation - PHDessay.com. Benefits of donating blood | Value Food. 10 Lines On Blood Donation/ Essay On Blood Donation/Blood Donation .... Essay on Importance of Blood Donation in English || Paragraph on .... blood donation & its importance. ⛔ The importance of donating blood essay. The Importance of Donating ....
This document provides a biographical sketch of Emma Goldman. It summarizes that she was born in 1869 in Russia to Jewish parents and grew up experiencing the oppression of the Russian government. As a young girl, she was inspired by revolutionary ideas in St. Petersburg in the 1880s. She moved to America in 1886 hoping to find freedom, but was quickly disillusioned by the conditions she found. The sketch outlines her early experiences working in a factory in Rochester, New York and feeling isolated living in a small American city with strict Puritan values.
This document discusses the complex relationship between censorship and freedom of speech. It examines how censorship can be used as a tool for control by governments and religions but may also be a "moral necessity" to avoid social harms. The document analyzes how works like Salman Rushdie's The Satanic Verses highlighted these issues, as it caused controversy but also discussion on relations between East and West. Overall, the document argues that both censorship and unlimited free speech can be dangerous, and a balance or "ever circling" between the two is needed for societies to function and evolve.
Myth Essay. Essays on a Science of Mythology Princeton University PressCynthia Washington
Greek Mythology essay example - 459 Words - NerdySeal. Greek Mythology Essay 1 by Megan Altman | Teachers Pay Teachers. Short essay on greek mythology. Greek mythology essay - articleeducation.x.fc2.com. Introduction to Modern Myths Essay Example | Topics and Well Written .... Business paper: Mythology essay. Greek Mythology Essay. ≫ Ancient Greek Mythology Free Essay Sample on Samploon.com.
El Puerto de Algeciras continúa un año más como el más eficiente del continente europeo y vuelve a situarse en el “top ten” mundial, según el informe The Container Port Performance Index 2023 (CPPI), elaborado por el Banco Mundial y la consultora S&P Global.
El informe CPPI utiliza dos enfoques metodológicos diferentes para calcular la clasificación del índice: uno administrativo o técnico y otro estadístico, basado en análisis factorial (FA). Según los autores, esta dualidad pretende asegurar una clasificación que refleje con precisión el rendimiento real del puerto, a la vez que sea estadísticamente sólida. En esta edición del informe CPPI 2023, se han empleado los mismos enfoques metodológicos y se ha aplicado un método de agregación de clasificaciones para combinar los resultados de ambos enfoques y obtener una clasificación agregada.
Here is Gabe Whitley's response to my defamation lawsuit for him calling me a rapist and perjurer in court documents.
You have to read it to believe it, but after you read it, you won't believe it. And I included eight examples of defamatory statements/
An astonishing, first-of-its-kind, report by the NYT assessing damage in Ukraine. Even if the war ends tomorrow, in many places there will be nothing to go back to.
04062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
Essential Tools for Modern PR Business .pptxPragencyuk
Discover the essential tools and strategies for modern PR business success. Learn how to craft compelling news releases, leverage press release sites and news wires, stay updated with PR news, and integrate effective PR practices to enhance your brand's visibility and credibility. Elevate your PR efforts with our comprehensive guide.
Acolyte Episodes review (TV series) The Acolyte. Learn about the influence of the program on the Star Wars world, as well as new characters and story twists.
1. 1
Liberalism and the “Satanic Sketches”
By Saad Omar Khan
The Danish cartoons incident is probably one which most people would understandably
want to forget. It seemed to have brought out nothing but mutual hostility between Muslims and
the West, and was certainly considered an international relations disaster for Denmark. For
many in the West, time seemed to be repeating itself: like the Satanic Verses controversy,
Muslims seemed once again at odds with Western values and freedoms. For many Muslims, the
cartoons seemed to show nothing more than a bigoted, anti-Islamic streak in Western society. It
may seem that bringing up old wounds might be inappropriate; yet in a continent constantly
trying to fixate the position of Muslims as either intrinsically foreign or capable of integration,
discussing the crisis is necessary as it showcases a flaw in European liberalism that may preclude
any meaningful dialogue between Muslims and non-Muslims. As deplorable as the angry,
intemperate, and often violent attitudes of many Muslims were, the cartoons and their supporters
did not display any greater sophistication. Despite the claims of the many of the cartoon’s
supporters that they were fighting against a form of religious totalitarianism, they were, either
consciously or unconsciously, supporting an all-toghether different form of narrow-mindedness.
The so-called “Satanic sketches” published in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten
were probably not intended to offend. In response to a claim that a children’s author could not
find anyone willing to illustrate a book on the Prophet Muhammad, the editors of the newspaper
invited cartoonists to offer their interpretations. The cartoons published on September 30, 2005
depicted the Prophet of Islam in various caricatured forms, most of them far from flattering
ways. The most notorious included one with the Prophet holding a curved knife in front of two
2. 2
veiled women, another shows the Prophet with a bomb in his turban and yet another shows the
Prophet warning off suicide-bombers from heaven by announcing the lack of available virgins.
Most in Denmark probably saw the cartoons as innocuous, not realizing the traditional
Islamic prohibition in depicting the Prophet in any form, or not appreciating the stereotypical
nature of many of the depictions. Regardless, the Muslim reaction in Denmark was
understandably one of outrage. This outrage spread to Europe and the rest of the world as the
cartoons were not only circulated by Muslims but also reprinted by dozens of newspapers across
the world in subsequent months. Soon the entire crisis escalated to violence, including the
burning of embassies in Syria and Lebanon, death threats directed at the cartoonists, and the
deaths of more than a hundred protestors in total.
Jyllands-Posten could not have anticipated this level of reaction and anger on the part of
Muslims worldwide. Joern Mikkelsen, the editor in chief of the newspaper, defended accusations
of prejudice on their part by saying “No, we did not have a cynical, mean ambition to upset
Muslims around the world. No we did not have a cynical, mean ambition to upset Muslims in
Denmark. No, we were not an accomplice of extreme anti-Muslim sentiment around the world.”1
As far as they were concerned, therefore, the newspaper’s ambitions seemed more inclined
towards engaging readers in a debate about censorship than really participating in journalistic
Muslim-baiting. At the same time, one could have been easily fooled into believing that the
cartoons were part of some Islamophobic tract. Even ignoring the Islamic prohibition against
depictions of the Prophet as a general rule, one cannot help to see cartoons of the Prophet with a
bomb in his turban or the image of the Prophet holding a knife in front of veiled women as more
akin to crude, archaic Orientalist images of the East as a land violence and intrinsic barbarity.
1
“Cartoon editor attacks misreporting”, June 6, 2006.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/cartoonprotests/story/0,,1791557,00.html
3. 3
If the cartoons were displayed by themselves, without any broader contextualization, they
could easily have been seen as simply insensitive. What crossed the line from mere political
incorrectness to something a bit more disquieting was the text written in the centre of the page
displaying the cartoons reading: “The modern, secular society is rejected by some Muslims.
They demand a special position, insisting on special consideration of their own religious
feelings. It is incompatible with contemporary democracy and freedom of speech, where you
must be ready to put up with insults, mockery and ridicule”2 The type of language used here does
not seem indicative of the rhetoric of even-tempered dialogue or intellectual debate, but rather
the language of xenophobia, the idea that Muslims cannot interact with “modern, secular
society”, and, by extension, are thus inherently opposed to the West.
Denmark has had a long history of democratic freedoms, especially in terms of
journalistic expression. Critical mockery directed towards authority figures and traditional
values has a long and proud history. Like all societies where freedom of speech is held sacred,
there is an idea that irreverency has a special place as a societal equalizer. Yet trying to poke fun
at the Danish royal family or any other public figure in a Danish context where satire of such
authority figures is typical is not the same as attacking a representative figure of a minority
people who already feel marginalized in a society and where xenophobia and anti-Muslim
sentiment is particularly rampant.3 There is also a difference between genuine liberalism and
narrow-mindedness in a liberal guise. Muslims do not object to satire or criticism anymore than
other groups do. The cartoons, however, did not come across as some intellectual critique of
Islam or religion as a whole or a cry against fanaticism, but more as a deliberate form of
2
Translation of text from “Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danish_cartoons .
3
Karen Wren, "Cultural racism: something rotten in the state of Denmark?", Social & Cultural Geography, Volume
2, Number 2, 1 June 2001.
4. 4
mockery and marginalization. Jyllands-Posten itself has been accused of a conservative, anti-
immigrant stance in its editorials.4
The newspaper’s cultural editor, Flemming Rose, when out of his way to deny these
allegations, instead accusing many of Jyllands-Posten’s Muslim detractors of essentially not
understanding the nature of modern democracy by saying “if a believer demands that I, as a
nonbeliever, observe his taboos in the public domain, he is not asking for my respect, but for my
submission. And that is incompatible with a secular democracy.”5 Mr. Rose seems to be missing
the point. As he himself admitted, journalists often exercise self-restraint in matters of ethics and
good-taste. Jyllands-Posten refused to publish satirical cartoons depicting Jesus on those very
grounds. Many European countries use legal measures to isolate the purveyors of such
repugnant ideals such as Holocaust denial because they see the need to limit certain areas of
speech. What he should have appreciated was that the crude depictions of the Prophet were
emblematic of a very one-dimensional view of Islam. Displaying them at a time when the
Islamic-Western divide has never been higher does not support the notion that Jyllands-Posten
was making some bold step towards freedom, tolerance, and rational dialogue between
civilizations. Rather than describing all detractors as extremists or as kowtowing to totalitarian
impulses, some forethought should have been given as to what value and purpose the cartoons
would have in the place and time in which they were published.
As the crisis seems to be fading from memory, one should not be inclined toward the
notion that inter-cultural dialogue is impossible and unnecessary. It should be obvious that
cultures do not fundamentally share the same values; it is precisely the contrast in values that
4
“The Torch: Report to the UN on Discrimination and Racism in Denmark”
http://www.faklen.dk/en/doc/somalia.shtml
5
Flemming Rose, “Why I published those cartoons”, February 19, 2006. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-
dyn/content/article/2006/02/17/AR2006021702499.html
5. 5
define the separateness of societies. The cartoon issue is as much a question of the divide
between religious and secular values as it is the divide between the West and Islam. The
assumption of the triumph of secular values is overstated if not entirely false. In the modern
world, the secular and the religious exist side-by-side. It is incidents like the cartoons that point
to a certain lack of ease between the two domains. Flemming Rose’s aforementioned statement
concerning the imposition of foreign taboos in a secular society has a bidirectional quality: just
as one religious community cannot impose themselves on a non-religious society, secularists
must appreciate what gives meaning to that religious community and use their secular values as a
means of encouraging genuine egalitarian pluralism as opposed to a hectoring monoculture.
Those who remain pessimistic about the state of inter-cultural relations in the wake of
crisis should note something mentioned by Karen Armstrong in recent article. During a meeting
of the United Nation’s Alliance of Civilizations this year, polls amongst Muslim youths showed
that 97% of those deeply offended by the cartoons also strongly deplored the violent actions of
Muslims protestors across the Islamic world. It was also reported that, while most Danes were
alarmed at what they perceived to be a threat to their freedom of expression, they were also
deeply unhappy with the offence felt by Muslims by the cartoons.6 There is a suggestion,
therefore, that the dire proclamations of conservatives during the crisis that multi-culturalism and
political correctness are worthless ideals are wrong. While Muslims and non-Muslim Danes
certainly held fast to their values, they were alarmed at the hostility and ugliness of the entire
situation. Thus, rather than seeing Western and Islamic societies as two grimacing faces staring
across an imaginary divide, Westerners and Muslims alike should now realize the possibility for
values and concerns to overlap between “civilizations”.
6
Karen Armstrong, “We can defuse this tension between competing conceptions of the sacred”, March 11, 2006.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/cartoonprotests/story/0,,1728653,00.html
6. 6
It is this sense of dialogue that was completely forgotten by all sides during the crisis,
almost as if both the cartoon’s unequivocal supporters and the extremists who demanded violent
action were twin sides of a similar venality. A desire for some measure of mutual respect and
tolerance is not the same as caving into to the demands of genuine fanatics. The cartoons were
used to “prove” that Muslims were, by nature, fundamentally illiberal, especially in light of the
violent reactions stirred up by the crisis. No democratic nation has an obligation to apologize for
its freedoms. The Danish government in particular was perfectly justified in staunchly
preventing any government intervention in a private journalistic matter. At the same time, no
group (religious or otherwise) should be expected to simply not be offended when another group
violates its taboos. Sacred cows are universal; those in the West as well as the East, the secular
and the religious, all have lines where they fear to tread across. Understanding is not the same
thing as self-censorship and shallow political correctness. True liberalism, both as a political
ideal and as a general sense of social openness, has to accept the idea that both secular and
religious forms of “sacredness” need to be understood and respected.