PHP 5.3 and Lithium: the most rad php framework

PHP 5.3

Wednesday, February 24, 2010

Why?
• Speed & Memory • Phar

• Namespaces • ext/intl

• Anonymous Functions • ext/ﬁleinfo

• Late Static Binding • ext/sqlite3

• Syntax enhancements • mysqlnd

• SPL


Speed & Memory
Drupal 20% faster
Qdig 2% faster
typo3 30% faster
wordpress 15% faster
xoops 10% faster
http://news.php.net/php.internals/36484

http://sebastian-bergmann.de/archives/745-Benchmark-of-PHP-Branches-3.0-through-5.3-CVS.html

gc_enable() : New Garbage Collector


Namespaces
http://php.net/manual/en/language.namespaces.php

• Autoloading made easy
• lithiumcoreLibraries
• li3_docscontrollersBrowserController
• http://groups.google.com/group/php-
standards/web/psr-0-ﬁnal-proposal


Namespaces Example
<?php

namespace app;

use appmodelsPost;

class PostsController extends lithiumactionController {

public function index() {
$posts = Post::all();
return compact(‘posts’);
}
}

?>


Autoloading
http://groups.google.com/group/php-standards/web/psr-0-ﬁnal-proposal

<?php

function __autoload($className)
{
$className = ltrim($className, '');
$fileName = '';
$namespace = '';
if ($lastNsPos = strripos($className, '')) {
$namespace = substr($className, 0, $lastNsPos);
$className = substr($className, $lastNsPos + 1);
$fileName = str_replace('', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $namespace) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
}
$fileName .= str_replace('_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $className) . '.php';

require $fileName;
}

?>


Anonymous Functions
http://php.net/manual/en/functions.anonymous.php

• Lambda
• assigned to a variable

• useful for recursion and multiple calls

• Closure
• added as a method parameter

• use() the parent scope


Lambda Example
<?php

$cube = function ($value) {
return ($value * $value * $value);
};
$result = array_map($cube, array(1, 2, 3));
var_dump($result);
/*
array
0 => int 1
1 => int 8
2 => int 27
*/

?>


Another Lambda
$multiply = function ($value, $times) use (&$multiply) {
return ($times > 0) ? $multiply($value * $value, --$times) : $value;
};
var_dump($multiply(2, 3));
/*
int 256
*/


Closure Example
<?php
$data = 'string';
$result = array_filter(array(1, 2, 'string'), function ($value) use ($data) {
return ($value !== $data);
});
var_dump($result);
/*
array
0 => int 1
1 => int 2
*/

?>


Crazy Example
<?php

function Y($F) {
return current(array(function($f) { return $f($f); }))->__invoke(function($f) use ($F) {
return $F(function($x) use ($f) {
return $f($f)->__invoke($x);
});
});
}

$factorial = Y(function($fact) {
return function($n) use ($fact) {
return ($n <= 1) ? 1 : $n * $fact($n - 1);
};
});

var_dump($factorial(6));
/*
int 720
*/

?>


Why Static?
• Promotes proper
application design

• Stateless
• Easier to access


Late Static Binding
http://php.net/lsb
<?php
class A {
public static function who() {
return __CLASS__;
}
public static function test() {
return static::who();
}
}
class B extends A {
public static function who() {
return __CLASS__;
}
}

$result = B::test();
var_dump($result);
/*
string 'B' (length=1)
*/


Standard PHP Library (SPL)
http://us.php.net/manual/en/book.spl.php

• spl_autoload_register()

• Iterators

• Exceptions

• File Handling

• Observer/Subject

• Stack, Queue, Heap, ObjectStorage


Syntax Enhancements
http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.magic.php

• PHP 5 < 5.3 • PHP 5.3

• __set()/__get() • __callStatic()

• __isset()/__unset() • __invoke()

• __call() • ?:


Phar
• PHP archives
• includable
(include 'phar:///path/to/myphar.phar/ﬁle.php')

• stream accessible
• distributable


ext/intl
• Collator
• Locale
• IntlDateFormatter
• NumberFormatter


ext/ﬁleinfo
<?php

$info = new finfo(FILEINFO_MIME);
$result = $info->file(__FILE__);
var_dump($result);
/*
string 'text/x-php; charset=us-ascii' (length=28)
*/

$result = finfo_file(finfo_open(FILEINFO_MIME), __FILE__);
var_dump($result);
/*
string 'text/x-php; charset=us-ascii' (length=28)
*/
?>


ext/sqlite3
• SQLite is a in-process library that implements a
self-contained, serverless, zero-conﬁguration,
transactional SQL database engine (http://www.sqlite.org/
about.html)

• A more compact format for database ﬁles.

• Support for both UTF-8 and UTF-16 text.

• Manifest typing and BLOB support.

• New API via Sqlite3 class or sqlite3 functions


mysqlnd
• mysql native driver
• faster
• easier to compile
• transparent client, same old mysql/mysqli


Lithium
the most rad php framework


In Lithium
• Namespaces
• Anonymous Functions
• Late Static Binding
• Syntax Enhancements
• SPL
• Phar
• Sqlite3

Lithium Namespaces
• action • security

• analysis • storage

• console • template

• core • test

• g11n • tests

• net • util


Namespace Example
<?php

namespace appextensionshelper;

class Form extends lithiumtemplatehelperForm {

public function config(array $config = array()) {
....
}
}


Anonymous Functions
Example
<?php

Validator::add('role', function ($value, $format, $options) {
return (in_array($value, array('admin', 'editor', 'user')));
});

?>


LSB Example
<?php

namespace lithiumcore;

class StaticObject {
...
}
<?php
?>
namespace lithiumdata;

class Model extends lithiumcoreStaticObject {
...
}

?> <?php

namespace appmodels;

class Post extends lithiumdataModel {

}

?>


__callStatic
<?php

namespace lithiumdata;

class Model extends lithiumcoreStaticObject {

public static function __callStatic($method, $params) {
...
}

?>
<?php

namespace appcontrollers

use appmodelsPost;

class PostsController extends lithiumactionController {

$posts = Post::all();
return compact('posts')
}
}

?>


__invoke
<?php

namespace lithiumaction;

class Controller extends lithiumcoreObject {

public function __invoke($request, $dispatchParams, array $options = array()) {
...
}

} <?php
?>
namespace lithiumaction;

class Dispatcher extends lithiumcoreStaticObject {

protected static function _call($callable, $request, $params) {
...
if (is_callable($callable = $params['callable'])) {
return $callable($params['request'], $params['params']);
}
throw new Exception('Result not callable');
...
}
}
?>


SPL Iterators
<?php

protected function _cleanUp($path = null) {
$path = $path ?: LITHIUM_APP_PATH . '/resources/tmp/tests';
$path = $path[0] !== '/' ? LITHIUM_APP_PATH . '/resources/tmp/' . $path : $path;
if (!is_dir($path)) {
return;
}
$dirs = new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($path);
$iterator = new RecursiveIteratorIterator($dirs, RecursiveIteratorIterator::CHILD_FIRST);
foreach ($iterator as $item) {
if ($item->getPathname() === "{$path}/empty") continue;
($item->isDir()) ? rmdir($item->getPathname()) : unlink($item->getPathname());
}
}

?>


SPL Interfaces
<?php
/*
* @link http://us.php.net/manual/en/class.arrayaccess.php
* @link http://us.php.net/manual/en/class.iterator.php
* @link http://us.php.net/manual/en/class.countable.php
*/
class Collection extends lithiumcoreObject implements ArrayAccess, Iterator, Countable {
...
}

?>


SPL autoloader
<?php

namespace lithiumcore;

class Libraries {
...
public static function add($name, $config = array()) {
...
if (!empty($config['loader'])) {
spl_autoload_register($config['loader']);
}
...
}
...
}
?>


Phar
<?php

namespace lithiumconsolecommand;

use Phar;

class Library extends lithiumconsoleCommand {

public function archive() {
....

$archive = new Phar("{$path}.phar");
$from = $this->_toPath($from);
$result = (boolean) $archive->buildFromDirectory($from, $this->filter);
...

$archive->compress(Phar::GZ);
return true;
}
}

?>


Sqlite3
<?php

Connections::add('default', array(
'type' => 'database',
'adapter' => 'Sqlite3',
'database' => LITHIUM_APP_PATH . '/resources/db/sqlite.db'
));

?>


By Lithium
• Simple, Uniform API
• Uniﬁed Constructor
• Adaptable
• Filters (Aspect Oriented Programming)
• $_classes (Dependency Injection)
• Collections

Simple Uniform API
• logical namespaces and classes
• simple method names
• <= 3 params per method
• $conﬁg
• $options


Unified Constructor
• $config
• always an array
• check for $_autoConfig
• _init() and __init()


Adaptable
• securityAuth
• storageSession
• storageCache
• g11nCatalog
• dataConnections
• analysisLogger


Filters
• Aspect Oriented Programming
secondary or supporting functions are isolated from the main
program's business logic...increase modularity by allowing the
separation of cross-cutting concerns...
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspect-oriented_programming)

• modify core functionality without
extending a class

• deﬁne your own callbacks
• @ﬁlter


Routes Filter
<?php

use lithiumactionDispatcher;

Dispatcher::applyFilter('run', function($self, $params, $chain) {
include __DIR__ . '/routes.php';
return $chain->next($self, $params, $chain);
});

?>


Asset Filter
<?php

use lithiumcoreLibraries;
use lithiumnethttpMedia;

Dispatcher::applyFilter('_callable', function($self, $params, $chain) {
list($plugin, $asset) = explode('/', $params['request']->url, 2) + array("", "");
if ($asset && $library = Libraries::get($plugin)) {
$asset = "{$library['path']}/webroot/{$asset}";

if (file_exists($asset)) {
return function () use ($asset) {
$info = pathinfo($asset);
$type = Media::type($info['extension']);
header("Content-type: {$type['content']}");
return file_get_contents($asset);
};
}
}
});

?>


Xhprof Filter
<?php


Dispatcher::applyFilter('run', function($self, $params, $chain) {
xhprof_enable();
$data = $chain->next($self, $params, $chain);
$xhprof_data = xhprof_disable();

$XHPROF_ROOT = '/usr/local/php/5.3.1/lib/xhprof';
include_once $XHPROF_ROOT . "/xhprof_lib/utils/xhprof_lib.php";
include_once $XHPROF_ROOT . "/xhprof_lib/utils/xhprof_runs.php";

$xhprof_runs = new XHProfRuns_Default();
$run_id = $xhprof_runs->save_run($xhprof_data, "xhprof_lithium");

return $data;
});

?>


Save Filter
<?php

namespace appmodels;

class Paste extends lithiumdataModel {

public static function __init(array $options = array()) {
parent::__init($options);
static::applyFilter('save', function($self, $params, $chain) {
$document = $params['record'];
if (!$document->id) {
$document->created = date('Y-m-d h:i:s');
}
if (!empty($params['data'])) {
$document->set($params['data']);
}
$document->parsed = $self::parse($document->content, $document->language);
$document->preview = substr($document->content, 0, 100);
$document->modified = date('Y-m-d h:i:s');
$params['record'] = $document;
});
}
}

?>


$_classes
• Dependency Injection
a technique for supplying an external dependency (i.e. a
reference) to a software component - that is, indicating to a part
of a program which other parts it can use...
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_injection)

• modify core functionality without
extending a class


$_classes Example
<?php

namespace lithiumconsole;

class Library extends lithiumconsoleCommand {
...
protected $_classes = array(
'service' => 'lithiumnethttpService',
'response' => 'lithiumconsoleResponse'
);
...
}
?>


$_classes Example
<?php
namespace lithiumtestscasesconsole;

use lithiumconsoleRequest;

class LibraryTest extends lithiumtestUnit {
...
public function setUp() {
...
$this->classes = array(
'service' => 'lithiumtestsmocksconsolecommandMockLibraryService',
'response' => 'lithiumtestsmocksconsoleMockResponse'
);
...
}
...
public function testArchiveNoLibrary() {
...
$app = new Library(array(
'request' => new Request(), 'classes' => $this->classes
));
$expected = true;
$result = $app->archive();
$this->assertEqual($expected, $result);
}
...
}
?>


Collections
• lithiumutilCollection
• lithiumdataCollection
• lithiumdatacollectionRecordSet
• lithiumdatacollectionDocument
• lithiumtestGroup


Collections Example
<?php

use lithiumutilCollection;

$coll = new Collection(array('items' => array(0, 1, 2, 3, 4)));
$coll->first(); // 1 (the first non-empty value)
$coll->current(); // 0
$coll->next(); // 1
$coll->next(); // 2
$coll->next(); // 3
<?php
$coll->prev(); // 2
$coll->rewind(); // 0
use lithiumtestGroup;
$coll->each(function($value) {
return $value + 1;
$group = new Group(array('items' => array(
});
'lithiumtestscasescoreLibraries',
$coll->to('array'); // array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
'lithiumtestscasescoreObject',
))
?>
$resul = $group->tests()->run();

?>


More Lithium
• Integrated Test Suite for fast TDD
• Command Line Framework
• Document Based Data Sources
• Object based Record Sets with access
to non static model methods

• Transparent content type rendering


Still More Lithium
• Automatic output escaping
• Http Services
• g11n for internationalized applications
• Authentication
• Session/Cookie Handling
• Authorization (1.0)

Even More Lithium
• Validator
• Logging
• Debugger
• Parser
• Inspector
• Sockets

Lithium Integrations
• Use 3rd party libraries
• Easy to add with Libraries class
• Especially simple when PSR-0 is
followed

• Access classes in a standard way


Using Zend
http://rad-dev.org/lithium/wiki/guides/using/zend
<?php

Libraries::add("Zend", array(
"prefix" => "Zend_",
'path' => '/htdocs/libraries/Zend/trunk/library/Zend',
"includePath" => '/htdocs/libraries/Zend/trunk/library',
"bootstrap" => "Loader/Autoloader.php",
"loader" => array("Zend_Loader_Autoloader", "autoload"),
"transform" => function($class) { return str_replace("_", "/", $class) . ".php"; }
));

?>
<?php

namespace appcontrollers;

use Zend_Mail_Storage_Pop3;

class EmailController extends lithiumactionController {

$mail = new Zend_Mail_Storage_Pop3(array(
'host' => 'localhost', 'user' => 'test', 'password' => 'test'
));
return compact('mail');
}
}

?>


Plugins
• namespaces allow for a true plugin
system

• modify application with ﬁlters
• add extensions
• share your handy work


Some Plugins
• li3_docs
• li3_oauth
• li3_bot
• li3_doctrine
• li3_lab


lithium_qa
• http://rad-dev.org/lithium/wiki/standards
• Check syntax of your code
• Shows rules violations in your code
• Automate the process with SCM hooks


Lithium
the most rad php framework

• http://lithify.me
• http://rad-dev.org/lithium/wiki
• http://www.ohloh.net/p/lithium
• http://twitter.com/UnionOfRAD
• irc://irc.freenode.net/#li3
• http://search.twitter.com/search?q=%23li3


PHP 5.3 and Lithium: the most rad php framework

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