Leland Stanford was an American businessman, politician, and founder of Stanford University. He was born in 1824 in New York and attended common schools and law school. Stanford worked as a lawyer, justice of the peace, and organizer of the Sacramento Library Association. He was one of the "Big Four" who built the First Transcontinental Railroad connecting the eastern and western United States. Stanford later served as the eighth governor of California from 1862 to 1863. In memory of his son who passed away, he founded Leland Stanford Junior University in 1891.