This presentation shares about the global impact of Latin American exports, from the class Modern Latin America.

1. Latin American Exports
&
Global Impact
Meredith Trabold
4/30/18
Modern Latin America, HY 345
Dr. Reyna

2. What is
Latin
America?
 Rio Grande River to South America and some
countries in the Caribbean
 Parts of the Americas where Portuguese and
Spanish are the main languages
 Varying geographic features
 Unique demographic of people
 Many ethnicities and races
 All types of political ideologies
 Ranging economic conditions

3. The
Reliance
of Latin
America on
Exports
 Stable Economy
 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
 Decline in industry
 Cheap labor and labor exploitation
 1930 Depression

4. Exports:
Then & Now
The main exports have changed over the years.
 Peru
 Then: guano, rubber, sugar, cotton, and wool
 Now: gold, copper, zinc, textiles, and fishmeal
 Ecuador & Venezuela
 Then: cacao
 Now: petroleum
• Mexico
• Then: minerals
• Now: manufactured goods
• Chile
• Then: wheat and nitrates
• Now: mining

5. Types of
Exports
 Agriculture
 Mining
 Manufactured Goods
 Service Sector

6. Agricultural
Exports

9. Coffee
 Decrease in exports and GDP
 61 percent
 Second most valuable commodity
 Brazil
 Decline because of industry
 Less than 1/10 of GDP
 Overabundance causes a decrease in exports and export prices
 Dwindling importance

10. Coffee
Exported
from Latin
American
Countries
 Mexico
 One of the first to cultivate
 Exports not significant
 Low quality
 Nicaragua
 Major export
 Low quality
 Specialty coffee
 Costa Rica
 First to export
 High quality
 Small export quantities and
GDP
 Guatemala
 Dependent
 Colombia
 FEDCAFE
 Global impact
 Peru
 Main export but small GDP
 UNDOC
 Brazil
 Largest grower
 signs of growth

11. Agricultural
Industry
 Affected by international prices
 Helped by decline in industry
 End of exploitation and dominance

12. Other
Types of
Agricultural
Exports
 Argentina
 Livestock
 Soy
 Corn
 Brazil
 Soy
 Corn
 Central America
 Bananas
 Winter vegetables
 Chile
 Fruit
 Wine
• Colombia and Ecuador
• Flowers
• Cuba
• Sugar cane
• Tobacco

13. Mining
Exports

14. Mining
Exports
from Latin
America
 Metals
 Copper, tin, iron, aluminum, precious metals
 12%
 Mexico and silver
 Fossil fuels
 Petroleum and crude oil
 Chile, Brazil, and Mexico
 Decent wages
 Illegal production
 Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador

15. Chile
 Copper
 Largest mines in the world
 Global leader
 More than 90%

16. Exportation of
Manufactured
Goods

17. Categories of
Manufactured
Goods Exports
 High level: 70% or more
 Mexico and Brazil
 Medium level: 40%-70%
 Costa Rica, Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Chile,
Peru, and Colombia
 Low level: 40% or less
 Venezuela, Paraguay, and Ecuador

18. Mexico
 Leading exporter
 Vehicles
 Machinery
 Medical instruments
 Cost effective due to cheap labor
 Decent wages

19. Service
Sector Export:
Tourism

20. Tourism
as a Latin
American
Export
 Main export in Costa Rica
 Large activity in other countries
 50% of exports
 More stable than other types of exports

21. Asia
=
Competition
 Vietnam: coffee
competition
 Labor exploitation and
cheap labor
 South Korea

22. Exports to
the United
States
 From Mexico:
 $198 billion in manufactured goods
 $21 billion in agriculture
 Avocados
 Minerals
 Aluminum
 Gold
 Fossil fuels and mining

23. Exports to
China
 High demand for primary goods
 Market for raw materials
 Oil and copper
 Metal exports
 $89 billion fuels and mining

24. Bibliography
 Katz, Claudio. “Dualities of Latin America.” Latin American
Perspectives. 42.4 (2015): 10-42.
 Morgan, Daniela Estrella. “Trade Developments in Latin America and
the Caribbean. International Monetary Fund. N.p. March 2017.
Web. 19 April 2018.
 Palacios, Jose-Luis, et. al. “Exergoecology Assessment of Mineral
Exports from Latin America: Beyond a Tonnage Perspective.”
Sustainability. 10.3 (2018): 1-18.
 Skidmore, Thomas E.; Smith, Peter H.; Green, James N. Modern Latin
America. 8th ed. New York: Oxford, 2014. Print.
 Stevenson, Mark. “Mexico Exports No Longer Just Avocados, Tequila.”
Canadian Press. N.d. 2 February 2017. EBSCO. 21 April 2018.
 Topik, Steven; Talbot, John M.; Samper, Mario. “Introduction
Globalization, Neoliberalism, and the Latin American Coffee
Societies.” Latin American Perspectives. 37.2 (March 2010): 5-
20.
 Torres, Danilo; Gilles, Enrique. “Estructura Tecnológica de las
Exportaciones Industrials en América Latina (1990-2010).” AD-
Minister. 22 (2013): 95-111.
 Vidal, Gregorio. “Latin America: Limits to Alternative Economic
Policies.” International Journal of Political Economy. 47.1
(January 2018): 69-82.

25. Image
Sources
 https://www.allaroundthisworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/All-Around-This-World-Latin-America-Everywhere-Map.jpg
 https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Map-Latin_America_blue.svg/1000px-Map-Latin_America_blue.svg.png
 http://en.mercopress.com/data/cache/noticias/48310/0x0/commodities.jpg
 http://civengroup.com/img/CACAO3.jpg
 http://en.mercopress.com/data/cache/noticias/57315/0x0/latam-export.jpg
 https://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/sites/devco/files/al_invest_2.png
 https://economie.rabobank.com/Global/Publicatie%20afbeeldingen/2015/09%20September/LATAM-H5%20agri/map-Central%20America-m.png
 https://economie.rabobank.com/Global/Publicatie%20afbeeldingen/2015/09%20September/LATAM-H5%20agri/Map-South%20America-m.png
 https://joellemariablog.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/arabicacoffeabeans.jpg
 https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/b/coffee-producers-south-america-22659583.jpg
 http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/slavery/slavery-1823.jpg
 https://d1ox703z8b11rg.cloudfront.net/uploads_image/acd7ab1e-1dcc-4aff-ba0f-fe000e7bf306/dd5ecb50c51abd2b985f8970898717e2.jpeg
 http://www.mining.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/chiles-codelco-hiring-for-underground-expansion-of-chuquicamata.jpg
 https://www.panamericanworld.com/sites/default/files/styles/node-main-pic-700_320/public/crudio-petroleo_imagenfinalnet.jpg?itok=ETRn-XXi
 http://www.resumendelsur.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/viva-mineros-chile.jpg
 http://i2.cdn.turner.com/money/dam/assets/170217111352-ford-mexico-chihuahua-780x439.jpg
 https://www.thebitfactory.com/images/logo.png
 https://cdn.vectorstock.com/i/thumb-large/34/68/made-in-mexico-print-icon-vector-733468.jpg
 https://cdn.eventfinda.com.au/uploads/events/transformed/465230-200233-34.jpg
 http://blog.hotelengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/pexels-photo-346885-1200x550.jpeg
 http://www.artskills.com/UploadedPosterImages/Posters/Zoom/110122.jpg
 https://www.cfrrinkens.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/US-Imports-Set-to-Rise-after-a-Solid-2016.jpg
 http://www.profitguide.com/wpcontent/uploads/2015/01/China_Shipping_Container_Flag-rm-Oliver_Cleve-Getty_170403024-450_x_3001.jpg