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8-1
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 08
The Environment for Bargaining
True / False Questions
1. The Railway Labor Act injected the federal government into transportation negotiations in the
form of the National Mediation Board.
True False
2. Permissive bargaining has no direct impact on management or labor costs.
True False
3. The demand for goods and services in a competitive market is highly elastic.
True False
4. A competitive market is one with relatively few producers.
True False
5. Deregulation created competition in wages between union and nonunion sectors of the
industries.
True False
6. The derived demand for labor is more inelastic if a given type of labor is essential in the
production of the final products.
True False

8-2
7. Employers are likely to be able to pass on the cost of a wage increase if they are in a
noncompetitive product market.
True False
8. Economic theory suggests workers will be added until the added value of the additional
output no longer exceeds the wage.
True False
9. Marginal revenue product is the value of the output produced by the existing workforce.
True False
10. In concentrated industries, the demand for a firm's product is never completely elastic.
True False
11. The marginal supply curve represents additional cost associated with expanding the
workforce.
True False
12. Employees unionize to obtain outcomes that they believe they are unable to obtain as
individuals.
True False
13. Local union officers are often elected by multiple bargaining units.
True False
14. Union's bargaining power is reduced when the employer has a monopoly in the product or
service market.
True False

8-3
15. In an industry where all employers offer essentially similar goods and services, a wage
increase is easy to pass on to customers.
True False
16. Pattern bargaining has occurred frequently in companies in highly unionized fragmented
industries.
True False
17. Pattern bargaining represents a form of quasi-industrywide bargaining.
True False
18. A conglomerate has low bargaining power.
True False
19. Conglomerates cannot afford to take a long strike at any subsidiary.
True False
20. The goal of conglomerates created by private equity is to refloat the businesses through
initial public offerings as independent companies.
True False
21. Coordinated bargaining occurs where a single union represents employees of several small
employers.
True False
22. With the focus moving from a corporate to a business-unit perspective, unions have gained
leverage on economic issues.
True False

8-4
23. Nonunion competition is reduced by requiring equivalent pattern agreements.
True False
24. In railroads and airlines, the Railway Labor Act requires that bargaining units need not be
organized on a craft basis.
True False
25. The NLRB ordered consent elections in companies where labor and management did not
dispute the makeup of the bargaining unit for representation purposes.
True False
Multiple Choice Questions
26. Why was the FMCS established?
A. To help parties reach an agreement in simple situations only
B. To legislate rules for simple disputes that prohibited the use of strikes under any
circumstances
C. To help parties reach an agreement during national emergency situations only
D. To define a set of union unfair labor practices to balance those that employers were
forbidden to use
27. What does section 8(d) of the Taft-Hartley Act explain about collective bargaining?
A. To bargain collectively is the performance of the mutual obligation of the employer and
representative of the employees.
B. Employer and union are prohibited from bargaining collectively on any topic except wages
and hours.
C. No party can request for a written contract incorporating agreement reached.
D. Each party is obligated to reach an agreement or make a concession.

8-5
28. Which bargaining issues do not require a response because they have no direct impact on
management or labor costs?
A. Permissive
B. Mandatory
C. Prohibited
D. Legislative
29. Which of the following is true about permissive bargaining issues?
A. They do not require a response.
B. They have a direct impact on management and labor costs.
C. They are statutorily outlawed.
D. Any party may go to impasse over the issue.
30. Which of the following are classified as mandatory bargaining issues?
A. Issues that have no direct impact on management
B. Internal affairs of the union
C. Issues that have a direct effect on union members' jobs
D. Issues that are statutorily outlawed
31. Which of the following is true about labor and World War II?
A. All disputes were put on hold until the war was over.
B. Strikes were permitted.
C. All collective bargaining agreements required the approval of the federal government.
D. Wages and prices were never administered.

8-6
32. Excessive industrial concentration is dealt with by _____.
A. the courts
B. the National Mediation Board
C. the Federal Trade Commission
D. individual companies
33. Which of the following takes place when an industry matures?
A. It forces more efficient producers to increase prices to gain market share.
B. It forces the producers to substitute skilled craft work with cheaper labor.
C. It results in less standardized production methods thus forcing employers to hire low
skilled labor.
D. It gets dominated by relatively few firms and the less dominant either mimic the leader or
occupy niches.
34. Which of the following is a characteristic of competitive markets?
A. Consumers know very little about product attributes and prices.
B. The demand for goods and services is highly inelastic.
C. Producers are compelled to respond to price decreases.
D. There are relatively few producers selling similar products.
35. Which of the following is true of unionization in a competitive industry?
A. Unions don't focus on competitive industry companies unless they are concentrated
geographically.
B. Unionization in competitive industry requires not much of an effort.
C. Unions focus on competitive industry companies except when the employees prohibit any
form of assistance.
D. Organizing one company gives the union all the bargaining power on wages.

8-7
36. _____ enabled new companies to enter the industry and created competition in wages
between union and nonunion sectors of the industries.
A. Accretion
B. Craft severance
C. Pattern bargaining
D. Deregulation
37. How did deregulation affect the airline industry?
A. It had a relatively strong initial effect on mechanics' pay.
B. Pilots' salaries increased substantially.
C. Flight attendants' salaries decreased.
D. Pilots found alternative jobs in their occupation in other industries.
38. When does the elasticity of demand for a firm's product increase substantially?
A. When an industry is no longer concentrated
B. When there is decreased consumer attention to quality
C. When there is nonavailability of labor
D. When there is a lack of substitute products
39. How does global competition affect unions?
A. It reduces union bargaining power for representatives of employees.
B. It allows unions to bargain for higher wages because of the lack of skilled labor.
C. It increases the employment of domestic workers in basic industries.
D. It protects unionized employees against offshoring.

8-8
40. _____ in basic industries has decreased the wages and employment of domestic workers.
A. Prohibited bargaining
B. Global competition
C. Permissive bargaining
D. Unionization
41. Which of the following is true about health and pension costs?
A. They are largely determined by the control of the bargainers.
B. They are not related to the age of the workers.
C. They are not determined by the prices of financial services.
D. They are related to the prices of medical services.
42. What does management do to meet investor objectives?
A. They sell-off a higher-earning division.
B. They stay away from a possible spin off.
C. They shift investment from areas with increasing returns to those where improvement is
never anticipated.
D. They try to maximize profits in their present operations.
43. The derived demand for labor is more elastic if the:
A. market demand for the final products is inelastic.
B. cost of labor is a significant part of the total product cost.
C. supply of materials is elastic.
D. supply of capital is elastic.

8-9
44. When is the derived demand for labor more inelastic?
A. If a given type of labor is essential in the production of the final products
B. If the market demand for the final products is elastic
C. If the cost of labor is a significant part of the total product cost
D. If the supply of materials is elastic
45. When is the supply of labor elastic?
A. When an employer is a relatively small factor in a labor market
B. When there are a lot of employment opportunities in the market
C. When several employers hire the same type of labor simultaneously
D. When the rate of unemployment is low in the market
46. Employers are likely to be able to pass on the cost of a wage increase if they _____.
A. are in a competitive product market
B. are in a concentrated industry
C. are in a noncompetitive product market
D. sell products that have an elastic demand
47. Which of the following best describes marginal revenue product?
A. It is the value of output produced by hiring an additional worker.
B. It represents the additional cost associated with expanding the workforce.
C. It is the price at which the product is allowed to be sold in the retail market.
D. It is the total revenue generated times the labor cost.

8-10
48. Which of the following statements about competitive and/or concentrated markets is true?
A. In competitive industries, demand for a firm's product is highly inelastic.
B. The demand for each employer's products in concentrated industries is highly price-
sensitive.
C. The labor demand in concentrated industries is less elastic than it is in the competitive
situation.
D. Wage increase can be easily passed on to customers in competitive industries.
49. What would an employer in a competitive market do when the cost of labor increases?
A. Reduce cost on capital
B. Change capital-labor mix
C. Hire only unskilled workers
D. Decrease its dependence on technology
50. Which of the following is true of labor markets?
A. The union can never acquire monopoly power over the labor supply.
B. The union supplies the labor, but the contract has no authority on fixing its price.
C. Unions stay away from employers that have power to influence prices in the product
market and/or wages in the labor market.
D. A contracted wage elasticizes the labor supply at the negotiated rate.
51. Which of the following best describes a monopsonist employer?
A. A single producer of a specific product in a given market
B. The only unionized employer in a given market
C. A single purchaser of labor in a given market
D. The most dominating producer in a given market

8-11
52. Which of the following is true of the marginal supply curve?
A. It represents the value of output produced by hiring an additional worker.
B. It represents the graph of product supply and demand.
C. It represents the graph of labor supply and demand.
D. It represents the additional cost associated with expanding the workforce.
53. Which of the following is most likely to happen when a union bargains with a monopsonist
employer for increased wages beyond a point where MS and MRP intersect?
A. Employer will incur unviable labor costs.
B. Employer will be forced to layoff employees.
C. Employer will be able to expand employment.
D. Employer will be able to increase profits substantially.
54. Employers in the private sector are interested in _____.
A. maximizing long-term return to the investment in skills
B. maximizing long-term profits
C. encouraging all employees to join unions
D. increasing employment wages
55. What are the two major goals of unions?
A. Higher wages and more members
B. Maximizing profit and share value
C. Reduce risk of investments and diversification
D. Mergers and acquisitions of firms

8-12
56. In which of the following conditions will the employer have higher ability to continue
operations?
A. When the strike is in peak season
B. When the firm is capital-intensive
C. When high skilled labor is not easily replaceable
D. When an employer has only one plant that produces the product
57. In which of the following scenarios will the employer be less able to take a strike?
A. If employers implement just-in-time inventory systems
B. If the firm is capital intensive
C. If the employer has several plants producing the same product
D. If the jobs' skill level is low
58. Under which condition is union's wage gains in bargaining higher?
A. When new employers can easily enter the market
B. When industrial concentration is low
C. When foreign competition is low
D. When union coverage by dominant union is low
59. Which of the following is true of a multiemployer bargaining unit?
A. A single set of negotiators and negotiated wages applies to all members.
B. The contract expires at different times for all.
C. Each employer faces a product and service demand curve totally different from the market
demand curve.
D. If the market demand for the employers' goods and services is quite inelastic, none of the
wage increases can be passed.

8-13
60. When does the most successful multiemployer bargaining occur?
A. When the employers have varied nonlabor costs
B. When all employers are unionized
C. When the entry costs are low for new firms
D. When the negotiated wages do not apply to all
61. When does industrywide bargaining take place?
A. When employees stick to a single employer within a small geographic area
B. When products or services are essentially commodities
C. When the bargaining occurs within a relatively small geographic area
D. When the bargaining is done in a business operating in several distinct industries
62. What is pattern bargaining?
A. Union targets one dominant employer in a highly concentrated industry
B. Union bargains with many small employers from a particular geographic area
C. Union bargains with a large employer that has many competitors
D. Union bargains with a small employer who has many competitors
63. Which of the following is true of a conglomerate?
A. It has low bargaining power.
B. It is a business operating in several distinct industries.
C. Its parts depend on each other for components and processes.
D. It can never afford to take a long strike at any of its subsidiary.

8-14
64. Why does a conglomerate have higher ability to take on a long strike at any subsidiary?
A. A few parts of its business are large relative to others.
B. Its parts do not depend on each other for components or processes.
C. It has low bargaining power.
D. It deals with a single union and has contracts with the same expiration.
65. Which of the following best describes coordinated bargaining?
A. Dominant union chooses a major employer as a bargaining target
B. Bargaining in businesses operating in several distinct industries
C. Two or more national unions represent employees of a single major employer
D. A single set of negotiators speaks for all employers
66. A _____ arrangement increases union bargaining power but is also accompanied by an
increased willingness to try innovative solutions to employment problems during a period of
rapid technological change in the telecommunications industry.
A. coalition
B. local
C. permissive
D. industrywide
67. Under which act do bargaining units need to be organized on a craft basis?
A. Taft-Hartley Act
B. Norris-La Guardia Act
C. Railway Labor Act
D. Wagner Act

8-15
68. Unions must be able to reduce competition with both nonunion and union workers to improve
conditions. Nonunion competition is reduced through _____.
A. requiring equivalent pattern agreements
B. covering only nonunion labor
C. extending organizing
D. unionizing only the dominant producer
69. Which of the following is true about the changes in industrial bargaining structures and their
outcomes?
A. Professional sports are the least organized, with baseball and basketball players exercising
low bargaining strength.
B. Declining unionization in health care and the consolidation of health care providers has led
to the reduced use of organization-wide bargaining structures.
C. Unionization in the construction industry has increased as employers have increasingly
established nonunion subsidiaries.
D. The Communications Workers have some of the major local operators who are neutral in
organizing campaigns and/or allow card checks for recognition in their wireless business
units.
70. Which of the following is true about bargaining units?
A. Where local unions service several bargaining units, local officers are very concerned
about the content of individual contracts.
B. At its most elemental level, a bargaining unit is what labor and management say it is.
C. After the representation stage, the parties are free to make the bargaining unit less (but
not more) inclusive in negotiations.
D. The expansion of a bargaining unit results only if management forces the union to do so.
Short Answer Questions

8-16
71. What are the changes that occur from the time of infancy to maturity of an industry?
72. Describe the characteristics of a competitive industry.
73. How does the composition of the workforce affect productivity and labor costs of employers?

8-17
74. List some of the steps that a firm can take to increase profitability.
75. When is the derived demand for labor more inelastic?
76. Explain the labor-capital substitution.

8-18
77. What is a marginal supply curve? Explain with an example.
78. How do unions demonstrate their effectiveness?
79. How do integrated facilities affect an employer's ability to take on strikes?

8-19
80. Write a short note on industrywide bargaining.

8-20
Chapter 08 The Environment for Bargaining Answer Key
True / False Questions
1.
(p. 219)
The Railway Labor Act injected the federal government into transportation negotiations in
the form of the National Mediation Board.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
2.
(p. 220)
Permissive bargaining has no direct impact on management or labor costs.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
3.
(p. 224)
The demand for goods and services in a competitive market is highly elastic.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
4.
(p. 224)
A competitive market is one with relatively few producers.
FALSE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy

8-21
5.
(p. 225)
Deregulation created competition in wages between union and nonunion sectors of the
industries.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6.
(p. 230)
The derived demand for labor is more inelastic if a given type of labor is essential in the
production of the final products.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
7.
(p. 231)
Employers are likely to be able to pass on the cost of a wage increase if they are in a
noncompetitive product market.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
8.
(p. 231)
Economic theory suggests workers will be added until the added value of the additional
output no longer exceeds the wage.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
9.
(p. 231)
Marginal revenue product is the value of the output produced by the existing workforce.
FALSE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy

8-22
10.
(p. 232)
In concentrated industries, the demand for a firm's product is never completely elastic.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
11.
(p. 235)
The marginal supply curve represents additional cost associated with expanding the
workforce.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
12.
(p. 237)
Employees unionize to obtain outcomes that they believe they are unable to obtain as
individuals.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
13.
(p. 237)
Local union officers are often elected by multiple bargaining units.
FALSE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
14.
(p. 238)
Union's bargaining power is reduced when the employer has a monopoly in the product or
service market.
FALSE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy

8-23
15.
(p. 242)
In an industry where all employers offer essentially similar goods and services, a wage
increase is easy to pass on to customers.
FALSE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
16.
(p. 245)
Pattern bargaining has occurred frequently in companies in highly unionized fragmented
industries.
FALSE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
17.
(p. 245)
Pattern bargaining represents a form of quasi-industrywide bargaining.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
18.
(p. 246)
A conglomerate has low bargaining power.
FALSE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
19.
(p. 247)
Conglomerates cannot afford to take a long strike at any subsidiary.
FALSE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy

8-24
20.
(p. 247)
The goal of conglomerates created by private equity is to refloat the businesses through
initial public offerings as independent companies.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
21.
(p. 247)
Coordinated bargaining occurs where a single union represents employees of several
small employers.
FALSE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
22.
(p. 249)
With the focus moving from a corporate to a business-unit perspective, unions have
gained leverage on economic issues.
FALSE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
23.
(p. 249)
Nonunion competition is reduced by requiring equivalent pattern agreements.
FALSE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
24.
(p. 249)
In railroads and airlines, the Railway Labor Act requires that bargaining units need not be
organized on a craft basis.
FALSE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy

8-25
25.
(p. 251)
The NLRB ordered consent elections in companies where labor and management did not
dispute the makeup of the bargaining unit for representation purposes.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Multiple Choice Questions
26.
(p. 219)
Why was the FMCS established?
A. To help parties reach an agreement in simple situations only
B. To legislate rules for simple disputes that prohibited the use of strikes under any
circumstances
C. To help parties reach an agreement during national emergency situations only
D. To define a set of union unfair labor practices to balance those that employers were
forbidden to use
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
27.
(p. 219)
What does section 8(d) of the Taft-Hartley Act explain about collective bargaining?
A. To bargain collectively is the performance of the mutual obligation of the employer and
representative of the employees.
B. Employer and union are prohibited from bargaining collectively on any topic except
wages and hours.
C. No party can request for a written contract incorporating agreement reached.
D. Each party is obligated to reach an agreement or make a concession.
Blooms: Understand

8-26
28.
(p. 220)
Which bargaining issues do not require a response because they have no direct impact on
management or labor costs?
A. Permissive
B. Mandatory
C. Prohibited
D. Legislative
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
29.
(p. 220)
Which of the following is true about permissive bargaining issues?
A. They do not require a response.
B. They have a direct impact on management and labor costs.
C. They are statutorily outlawed.
D. Any party may go to impasse over the issue.
Blooms: Understand
30.
(p. 220)
Which of the following are classified as mandatory bargaining issues?
A. Issues that have no direct impact on management
B. Internal affairs of the union
C. Issues that have a direct effect on union members' jobs
D. Issues that are statutorily outlawed
Blooms: Understand

8-27
31.
(p. 222)
Which of the following is true about labor and World War II?
A. All disputes were put on hold until the war was over.
B. Strikes were permitted.
C. All collective bargaining agreements required the approval of the federal government.
D. Wages and prices were never administered.
Blooms: Understand
32.
(p. 223)
Excessive industrial concentration is dealt with by _____.
A. the courts
B. the National Mediation Board
C. the Federal Trade Commission
D. individual companies
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
33.
(p. 224)
Which of the following takes place when an industry matures?
A. It forces more efficient producers to increase prices to gain market share.
B. It forces the producers to substitute skilled craft work with cheaper labor.
C. It results in less standardized production methods thus forcing employers to hire low
skilled labor.
D. It gets dominated by relatively few firms and the less dominant either mimic the leader
or occupy niches.
Blooms: Understand

8-28
34.
(p. 224)
Which of the following is a characteristic of competitive markets?
A. Consumers know very little about product attributes and prices.
B. The demand for goods and services is highly inelastic.
C. Producers are compelled to respond to price decreases.
D. There are relatively few producers selling similar products.
Blooms: Understand
35.
(p. 224)
Which of the following is true of unionization in a competitive industry?
A. Unions don't focus on competitive industry companies unless they are concentrated
geographically.
B. Unionization in competitive industry requires not much of an effort.
C. Unions focus on competitive industry companies except when the employees prohibit
any form of assistance.
D. Organizing one company gives the union all the bargaining power on wages.
Blooms: Understand
36.
(p. 225)
_____ enabled new companies to enter the industry and created competition in wages
between union and nonunion sectors of the industries.
A. Accretion
B. Craft severance
C. Pattern bargaining
D. Deregulation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy

8-29
37.
(p. 225)
How did deregulation affect the airline industry?
A. It had a relatively strong initial effect on mechanics' pay.
B. Pilots' salaries increased substantially.
C. Flight attendants' salaries decreased.
D. Pilots found alternative jobs in their occupation in other industries.
Blooms: Understand
38.
(p. 227)
When does the elasticity of demand for a firm's product increase substantially?
A. When an industry is no longer concentrated
B. When there is decreased consumer attention to quality
C. When there is nonavailability of labor
D. When there is a lack of substitute products
Blooms: Understand
39.
(p. 228)
How does global competition affect unions?
A. It reduces union bargaining power for representatives of employees.
B. It allows unions to bargain for higher wages because of the lack of skilled labor.
C. It increases the employment of domestic workers in basic industries.
D. It protects unionized employees against offshoring.
Blooms: Understand

8-30
40.
(p. 228)
_____ in basic industries has decreased the wages and employment of domestic workers.
A. Prohibited bargaining
B. Global competition
C. Permissive bargaining
D. Unionization
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
41.
(p. 229)
Which of the following is true about health and pension costs?
A. They are largely determined by the control of the bargainers.
B. They are not related to the age of the workers.
C. They are not determined by the prices of financial services.
D. They are related to the prices of medical services.
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
42.
(p. 230)
What does management do to meet investor objectives?
A. They sell-off a higher-earning division.
B. They stay away from a possible spin off.
C. They shift investment from areas with increasing returns to those where improvement
is never anticipated.
D. They try to maximize profits in their present operations.
Blooms: Understand

Other documents randomly have
different content

still actively growing, especially in spring and early summer when
rocks are pried loose by the alternate freezing and thawing of
moisture within fractures. The artillery-like crack made when a falling
rock crashes to the base of a high cliff is a familiar sound to anyone
who has spent much time in the mountains.

24
The Future
We know that the processes of erosion and weathering will continue,
that alluvial fans and talus cones will grow larger, and gorges will be
eroded deeper, and as a result the mountains will be cut down to
lower elevations. But, as we have seen, this event will require much
time. If the present climate continues for a few more years our
remaining glaciers will disappear, but there is nothing in
geologic history which says they won’t return again, possibly
even to the size of their heyday in the Pleistocene. And if history
repeats itself, and all past geologic history has been a repetition, then
the mountains will eventually be worn down to an uneventful plain
and the sea will invade the land again.
But certain breeds of man are the only despoilers of mountains that
we need fear, so if the good citizens of our land keep the human
invader and his dams and earth-moving equipment out of our
national parks these grand mountains will endure for many
thousands, yes, even millions of years.

Footnotes
[1]
Dr. Dyson worked as a ranger-naturalist in Glacier National Park for
eight summers starting in 1935.
[2]
Argillite is the term used by geologists for a rock, originally a shale,
which has been recrystallized or made harder by greater pressure.
In external appearance it looks like shale.
[3]
A dike is like a sill in all respects except that it cuts across adjacent
layers instead of paralleling them.
[4]
For a complete discussion of glaciers and their effects see Special
Bulletin No. 2 (Glaciers and Glaciation in Glacier National Park) of
the Glacier Natural History Association.
PRINTED IN U. S. A.
BY
GLACIER NATURAL HISTORY ASSOCIATION
IN COOPERATION WITH
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR
1953
O’NEIL PRINTERS—KALISPELL, MONTANA
Principal Aims of the GLACIER NATURAL HISTORY
ASSOCIATION, Inc.

Glacier National Park
West Glacier, Montana
Organized for the purpose of cooperating with the
National Park Service by assisting the Naturalist
Department of Glacier National Park in the development of
a broad public understanding of the geology, plant and
animal life, history, Indians and related subjects bearing
on the park region. It aids in the development of the
Glacier National Park museum library, museums and
wayside exhibits; offers books on natural history
pertaining to this area for sale to the public; assists in the
acquisition of non-federally owned lands within the park in
behalf of the United States government; and cooperates
with government projects in the completion and
development of Glacier National Park as needed.
Revenue derived from the activities of the Glacier Natural
History Association is devoted entirely to the purposes
outlined. Any person interested in the furtherance of these
purposes may become a member upon payment of the
annual fee of one dollar. Gifts and donations are accepted
for land acquisition or general use.
Bulletin No. 1—Motorists Guide to the Going-to-the-Sun
Highway, 1947—Price 25 Cents.
Bulletin No. 2—Glaciers and Glaciation in Glacier National
Park, 1948—Price 25 Cents.
Bulletin No. 3—Geologic Story of Glacier National Park,
1949—Price 25 Cents.
Bulletin No. 4—Trees and Forests of Glacier National Park,
Bulletin No. 5—101 Wildflowers of Glacier National Park,

Transcriber’s Notes
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domain in the country of publication.
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