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Journal club contact lens.pptx
- 1. Recent Advances in Soft Contact Lenses Moderators Dr. Gauri Sr. Shrestha Mr. Sanjeeb Kr. Mishra Presenter Anisha Heka B.Optometry, Final year Journal Club
- 2. Presentation Layout Introduction Advances in soft contact lens materials, designs and coatings Specialized contact lenses Industry trends of soft contact lens Future Directions Summary
- 3. • An estimated 45 million individuals wear contact lenses (CL) • 90% of them are soft CL lens wearers. Introduction ( CDC. Healthy contact lens wear and care ) Group Contact lens (CL) materials I Low water content (<50%), non-ionic polymers) II High water content (>50%), non-ionic polymers) III Low water content (<50%), ionic polymers) IV High water content (>50%), ionic polymers) V Silicone hydrogels Table 1: FDA classification of soft CL materials
- 4. 1971 1987 1996 1997 Advances in contact lens materials First disposable soft contact lens First monthly silicone hydrogel lens FDA approved first soft contact lens First daily disposable soft contact lens
- 5. 2004 2005 2008 Advances in contact lens materials Third generation silicone hydrogels Second generation silicone hydrogels Daily disposable silicone hydrogel lens *internal wetting agent *naturally wettable backbone
- 6. Advances in soft contact lens designs • First soft toric lens 1978 • First bifocal lens 1982
- 7. • Toric-generating lathes • Dynamic stabilization (1980s) The superior and inferior (‘dynamic stabilization’) zones of the lens incorporate a thickness differential. The action of the lids on these superior and inferior lens chambers serves to stabilize the lens in the correct orientation. Advances in soft contact lens design Figure 1: Design features of a soft toric lens to minimize lens rotation Toric soft contact lenses
- 8. Multifocal lenses for Presbyopia Advances in soft contact lens design Soft presbyopic contact lens Simultaneous Aspheric 1-Day Acuvue Moist Multifocal Purevision Multifocal Zonal aspheric/spherical Acuvue Oasys for presbyopia Proclear Multifocal Biofinity Multifocal Alternating Procornea BYO Royal
- 9. Advances in soft contact lens design Multifocal lenses for Presbyopia 1. Simultaneous vision multifocal lenses • Multiple powers positioned within the pupil at the same time. • Light rays from both distance and near targets imaged on the retina. • Functions on the basis of blur interpretation or blur tolerance of superimposed multiple images on the retina.
- 10. Advances in soft contact lens design Simultaneous vision lenses
- 11. Advances in soft contact lens design Multifocal lenses for Presbyopia 2. Alternating multifocal lenses • Distance and near-powered portions set out in a similar way to that observed in a bifocal spectacle lens • During primary gaze the distance portion of the contact lens is positioned over the pupil. • When gaze is directed downwards during reading, the near portion translates upwards to allow near-vision correction
- 12. 1. Plasma processing • Creates a clean, more hydrophilic lens surface that promotes initial lens comfort, repels protein and other lens contaminants. • Manufactured lens bombarded with high-energy radio waves in an oxygen-rich ionized gas chamber. Advances in soft contact lens coating
- 13. 2. Hydra-polyethylene glycol (PEG) • 90% water and polyethylene glycol (PEG) based polymer mixture that is permanently covalently bonded to the surface of the contact lens. • Encapsulates the lens in an ultra-thin polymer, mimicking the mucin- like surface of the cornea. Advances in soft contact lens coating
- 14. 2. Hydra-polyethylene glycol (PEG) • Improve wettability, increase surface water retention and lubricity, and minimize lens deposits and fogging. • Polyethylene glycol surface-treated lenses provide improved comfort, reduced dry eye symptoms, and reduced ocular surface compromise. Advances in soft contact lens coating (Mickles et al., 2021)
- 15. Advances in soft contact lens coating
- 16. 3. Zwitterionic Coating • Result in a lens surface that is more water retentive and with lower protein binding to prevent tear film evaporation and eye dryness. • Exhibit strong and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Advances in soft contact lens coating (Liu et al., 2020)
- 17. Specialized contact lenses 2013 2018 2019 First water-gradient soft contact lens First photochromic soft contact lens First myopia control soft contact lens
- 18. • Water content transitions from 33% at the core to over 80% at the surface; approaching 100% at the outermost surface. • Dk/t of 156 (at the center of a -3.00D lens) combined with a surface water content of over 80% • Releases phosphatidylcholine (PC) that helps to stabilize the lipid layer of the tear film. Water gradient contact lenses
- 19. Water gradient contact lenses Figure 3: Cross-section illustration of water gradient contact lenses
- 20. Water gradient contact lenses
- 21. • Darken automatically when exposed to bright light without sacrificing visual acuity (sharpness of vision) or comfort. • Provide extra protection from UV rays and blue light. Transition Contact Lenses
- 22. 1. Multifocal lenses • Centre-distance, simultaneous vision bifocal with an add power of +1.50 D to +2.00 D. • Soft multifocal contact lenses have been explored in several randomized controlled trials, which demonstrated a reduction in myopia progression of on average 36.4% and a decrease in axial elongation by 37.9%.1,2,3 Myopia control with soft contact lens
- 23. Figure 4: Myopic eye corrected with A) Conventional lenses, and B) lenses that correct peripheral retinal defocus B Myopia control with soft contact lens
- 24. 2. Simultaneous defocus or Dual-focus lenses • Negative (hyperopic) and positive (myopic) defocus using concentric contact lenses. • A two-year randomized controlled trial showed myopia progression and axial elongation were slowed by wearing DISC lenses compared with SV lenses, reaching nearly 50%. Myopia control with soft contact lens (Lam et al., 2014)
- 25. MiSight lens • Treatment zone power of +2.00 D that appears as concentric rings. Myopia control with soft contact lens
- 26. MiSight lens • The three-year clinical trial on myopic children demonstrated MiSight lenses effectively slow the progression of myopia, as evidenced by a significantly reduction in spherical equivalent refraction (59%) and axial length (52%) compared to the control group. Myopia control with soft contact lens (Chamberlain et al., 2019)
- 27. • Massive impact on the global contact lens market since they became widely available in the early 1970s. • Growing popularity of daily disposable lenses. • Increased demand for silicone hydrogel lenses. Industry trends of soft contact lens
- 28. Industry trends of soft contact lens 8.43 13.37 2022 2029 Soft contact lens market Share product by USD million Market size in USD Billion https://www.maximizemarketresearch.com/market-report/global-soft-contact-lenses-market/78143/
- 29. Industry trends of soft contact lens 8.43 13.37
- 30. Industry trends of soft contact lens Major players: Johnson & Johnson Vision Care Inc. Novartis AG CooperVision Bausch & Lomb Menicon
- 31. • 3D printing could potentially allow for more customizable lenses without the need for post-processing, such as grinding or polishing. • Regenerative technology: Contact lens surface treatments that can be used as a substrate for the culture of limbal cells responsible for the maintenance and repair of the corneal surface. • Smart contact lenses Future Directions
- 32. Medical treatment • Acuvue Theravision: Antihistamine-releasing contact lens to decrease the symptoms of common allergic conjunctivitis. • Clinical trials are warranted to understand the role of contact lenses as a drug-delivery system in improving glaucomatous patient care. Smart contact lenses (Sartini et al, 2021) Health monitor • Triggerfish helps monitor intraocular pressure (IOP) to help in the treatment of glaucoma
- 33. Enhance vision • Oculenz Focus: Designed to help people with near-sightedness and farsightedness Uses a micro lens array to focus light on the retina, providing clear vision without the need for glasses or contact lenses. Augmented reality • Mojo vision: Allows you to access timely information without ever having to look at a screen. Smart contact lenses
- 34. • The range of corrections and designs available has expanded significantly since the birth of the soft contact lens. • Today’s lenses address nearly all challenges like ocular complications, oxygen permeability, deposits and end of the day comfort. • The market continues to expand for specialized lenses like myopia control lenses, photochromic lenses and so on. • The latest trends in the Soft Contact Lenses market include the growing popularity of daily disposable lenses and increased demand for silicone hydrogel lenses. Summary
Editor's Notes
- “Since the soft contact lens was fi rst introduced in 1971, the industry has seen signifi cant growth and advancements Centers for disease control and prevention Non ionic: weight % <0.5 that are ionic at pH 6-8
- Comfort compared with pmma lens but aggressive cleaning regimen False belief that handling cl incs infections Decrease complications like CLARE and other infections While hydrogel lenses offered a new level of comfort, the material suffers from low oxygen transmissibility and deposit buildup so bring together the benefi ts of highly oxygen permeable silicone monomers with the comfort of hydrogels
- The addition of the polyvinyl pyrrolidinone provided wettability without the need for a surface treatment. The third generation of silicone hydrogel technologies incorporated only silicone-containing macromers without added hydrophilic monomers or surface treatments. With these advances, dk/t was increased, deacrease in complications, wettability increased somewhat deposits were also decreased.
- has resulted in an overall improvement in the per ormance o so toric lenses. addition of an astigmatic correction to the soft lens required a method of stabilization and orientation methods like prism ballast, peri ballast,truncation
- new optical frontier for soft contact lenses the availability of newer optical designs, daily disposability and lens designs in enhanced hydrogel, silicone hydrogel makes less restriction to the modality o wear or physiological compromise when attempting to correct presbyopia with contact lenses and that the visual outcomes are significantly better than previously
- Retina which are formed by the various powers of lens
- 1980s 1990s resulting in decreasing plus power rom the geometric centre o the lens. T is in essence creates a centre-near design allow balanced vision at all distances and synergistically combines the benefits of historical multizone spherical and aspheric soft lens designs. T e power profile and zone distribution for each of the add powers have been optimized for the normal physiological change in pupil size with age as well as illumination changes
- T e vast majority of alternating designs are available as rigid lenses owing to challenges in so lenses translating effectively. However, in recent years a number o so alternating-vision designs have become available, but have not become widely tted
- Proetin deposits and high rate of complications in contact lens wear, when wettability and lubrication are compromised, vision and comfort are compromised. The hydrophilic nature of the treated surface impacts the adhesion characteristics, repelling protein, bacteria and other lens contaminants The oxygen radicals strike the surface of the lens, dislodging hydrocarbons such as oils the lens surface becomes ionized, increasing its ability to attract liquids and enhances the wetting angle, resulting in a more hydrophilic lens surface
- The zwitterionic and antifouling carboxy betaine groups of the CuII-PCBDA coating can significantly In addition, since the immobilized copper ions in the metal-phenolic networks impart them with ion-mediated antimicrobial activity, the CuII-PCBDA coating
- one area of ongoing focus is comfort digital device —still have dryness and discomfort issues, particularly after hours of wear.
- Delefilcon A some of these properties, such as oxygen transmissibility and lens handling, could be controlled by a lens ‘core’ material while other properties like wettability and lubricity were only important at the surface an ingredient found naturally in tears
- Delefilcon A the material shifts from a silicone-rich core material to an essentially silicone-free surface gel
- Delefilcon A
- Transition contact lenses type of contact includes breakthrough light-management technology.
- “Because the pediatric patients will be wearing contact lenses for many decades, inevitably a one-day disposable silicone myopia control contact lens will emerge in the market.” (a) bifocals serve to correct the accommodative lag, which is considered to be a stimulus or eye elongation; (b) bifocals serve to alter the peripheral retinal image orwards, as peripheral retinal hyperopia is considered a risk actor or progression; and (c) bi ocals impose sustained myopic de ocus across the retina, which is considered to be inhibitory or eye growth
- Peripheral rays focus infront of retina to encourage slower eye growth and reduce progression
- Insight by Design The multifocal design segment is expected to grow at a considerable pace throughout the projected period due to its capacity to encompass several treatments Compound annual growth rate
- Geographic Overview North America dominated the global contact lenses market in 2021 and is anticipated to maintain its dominance throughout the forecast period due to the increasing population suffering from visual ailments Asia Pacific contact lenses market is anticipated to grow at a considerable pace throughout the forecast period due to the increasing geriatric population in countries like China and Japan coupled with increasing technology innovation.
- Johnson & Johnson is soon to launch their latest Another avenue that has possibilities for the future is 3D printing. Thermal vision lensesallow soldiers to see better at night, allowing them to sense humans, animals and devices like mobile phones through the heat they produce The future of smart contact lenses is promising. With ongoing technological advancements, these lenses will likely become more sophisticated and capable. Expect even more incredible innovations from this groundbreaking technology as it evolves to redefine our interaction with the world. There are a number of avenues being explored; some are showing promise now while others may take longer to become a reality.
- j n j anti Leolens glaucoma