The document outlines key methodologies for effective lesson preparation and presentation in tourism, emphasizing strategies like knowing the audience, using visuals, and maintaining engagement. It highlights the importance of crafting a structured lesson plan, evaluating learner understanding, and utilizing effective presentation techniques, such as eye contact and appropriate media use. Additionally, it discusses common pitfalls in lesson planning and the significance of both introduction and conclusion in a teaching session.

1. JMD 466
Module outline:
Methodology of Tourism
Semester
Ms René Beyers

2. Theme 6: Lesson Presentation
Recap: Seven tips to a great presentation:
1. Know your audience
2. Use structures to build on ideas
3. Use visuals
4. Repetition is your friend
5. Have a story to tell
6. Be relatable to your audience – be authentic, enthusiasm
7. Build your confidence with practice
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MnIPpUiTcRc

3. Recap: Presentation skills
oWhat is the purpose of your presentation’s message?
To inform/teach
To entertain
To persuade
To inspire

4. Recap: 15 Tips for effective
presentations
1. Maintain eye contact while presenting and smile
2. Use of gestures and facial expressions
3. Avoid distractions
4. Be prepared: Practice makes perfect
5. Be confident
6. Effective beginning/end
7. Speak freely
8. Avoid filler words
9. Bring along something to share
10. Use different types of media
11. Use effective pauses
12. Speak the language of the audience
13. Engage with the audience
14. Don't fight the stage fright & take deep breaths
15. Choose the right angle on standing during a presentation

5. Recap: Do’s and Don’ts of PowerPoint
Presentation
Do Don’t
Stay Concise Overdo the Special Effects
Use Humor Just Read the Slides
Look Up! Rush
Be Bold and Direct Over Rely on Clipart
Save Handouts for the End Overuse Statistics
Add some videos Use RED/Yellow
Use Bullets and Numbered Lists Be Afraid to Take a Pause

6. Lesson Preparation and Presentation
What is lesson preparation?
Lesson preparation is:
 selection of topics,
determining instructional objectives,
selection of teaching methods and instructional materials and
determining the evaluation instruments for the assessment of
the teaching.

7. Lesson Preparation and Presentation
What is lesson preparation?
Lesson planning involves much more than making arbitrary
decision about what to teach and how to teach it.
Many activities precede the process of designing and
implementing a lesson plan.
Lesson planning is not complete until after the teacher has
assessed both the learner’s attainment of the anticipated
outcomes and effectiveness of the lesson in leading learner to
these outcomes.

8. Lesson Preparation and Presentation
What is lesson preparation?
Lesson preparation should not be seen as a burden but should
be seen as the last stage of preparation to go to the class.
The purpose of lesson plan is to communicate.

9. The importance of lesson plan
1. A well prepared lesson plan gives the teacher a sense of
direction when he/she enters the classroom.
2. Lesson plan helps the teacher to know when and where to
start and where to stop.
3. It allows the teacher to know which materials would be
needed so that they are collected before the class.
4. In case of illness, lesson plan of a teacher could be used by
another teacher to teach the class.
5. It serves as a record for the teacher in future.
6. It also guides the teacher as to what instrument to use for
evaluation.

10. Common mistakes in writing lesson plan
1. Instructional objectives do not specify what the learners will
actually do.
2. Lesson assessment disconnected from the instructional
objectives formulated.
3. The previous knowledge not specifies or inconsistent with
what is actually required to succeed.
4. The instructional materials specify in the lesson are
extraneous to the actual described learning activities.
5. The student activities described in the lesson plan do not
contribute directly and effectively to the objectives of the
lesson.
6. The instructional contents are not efficient for the level of
intended learners.
7. Not stating instructional methods to teach objective specified.

11. Lesson Presentation
 Lesson presentation refers,
 to the effective use of selected resources,
 effective use of voices,
 hand, parts of the body,
 ability to demonstrate as the need arises, and
 effectiveness of class control and management.

12. Lesson Presentation
While stepping into the classroom, before anything at all
teachers should make sure the classroom is physically ready
for the learners to receive training (that is seating arrangement
are adequate).
It is worth noting for the teachers to know that at presentation
stage, they are to demonstrate academic subject and
pedagogical knowledge.

13. The importance of lesson
presentations
Introduction of the lesson:
The first thing a teacher does in the presentation of the lesson
is to introduce the lesson.
The essence of introduction is to alert the class to the fact that
the business of the learning is to begin.
Going by the approved lesson plan format, you are to introduce
the lesson by briefly explaining the current topic.
The introduction to a lesson, no matter what form the lesson
plan takes, must be to develop learners’ interest and state the
lesson objectives and significance.
The maximum duration for introduction of the lesson is 5
minutes.

14. The importance of lesson
presentations
Actual presentation (i.e. teaching).
 This should be done according to what is approved (i. e.
subject teacher approval) in the lesson plan.
In your presentation, do not read a lesson plan verbatim;
make sure you are thoroughly familiar with the material
you are presenting.
To meet the specific objectives of the lesson, you must know
exactly what you are going to teach and how you are going to
teach it.
You must be careful not to over teach; that is, to provide
extraneous information merely because you are knowledgeable
in a particular area.

15. The importance of lesson
presentations
Actual presentation (i.e. teaching).
 At the same time, do not under teach; that is, skipping what is
in the lesson plan.
During presentation, material should be presented in logical
sequence beginning with the known and moving to the
unknown.
While teaching, you should ensure effective way of using the
chalkboard.
The chalkboard should be properly divided and you should
write legibly (chalkboard summary and not classroom note).

16. The importance of lesson
presentations
Actual presentation (i.e. teaching).
Use transition statements that allow you to move through the
lesson smoothly.
 Transitions signal to the learners that you are progressing to a
new point.
 Chain materials (that is, tie it together) in a meaningful manner.
Link material previously taught with the present material, or link
the present material with what will be taught later.
Maximum duration is 20 minutes.

17. The importance of lesson
presentations
Conclusion/Summary:
Just as it is necessary to have an inspiring introduction, so also
it is necessary to have a clear-cut conclusion.
This could be a summary of what you have taught or
restatement of the key points.
Duration is 5 minutes.

18. The importance of lesson
presentations
Evaluation:
This is another important aspect of lesson presentation.
Evaluation should be built into the lesson at all major stages of
the lesson- beginning, middle and towards the end.
 At the beginning, teachers need to know the current standing
of the learners vice versa the new topic.
While presentation is on that is, while teaching, you are to ask
question to ascertain learners’ understanding.

19. The importance of lesson
presentations
Evaluation:
Towards the end of the presentation, the question asked to
determine whether the objectives of the lesson have been met
is termed summative evaluation.
Summative evaluation may take oral or written form.
Homework activities that is given to the learners is a form of
evaluation that is done to make them practice at home and at
the same time make them remain on the track until the next
lesson.
Duration for evaluation is a maximum of 10 minutes.
**Teachers should always reflect on their lessons!

20. Reference list
Rolleter, B. (2021). International School of Business
Presentation skills: 15 tips for effective presentations [online].
Available from: https://www.cbs.de/en/blog/15-effective-
presentation-tips-to-improve-presentation-skills/. [accessed 05
October 2021].
Stevens, M. (2017). Powerpoint Do’s and Don’ts [online].
Available from:
https://www.hanloncreative.com/blog/powerpoint-dos-and-donts
.[accessed 04 October 2021]
Olusanjo, M. O., 2011. Department of Curriculum and
Instructional Technology Osun State College of Education, Ila-
Orangun: Lesson preparation and presentation during teaching
practice. [Online] Available at:
https://olusanjomichael.blogspot.com/p/lesson-preparation-and-
presentation.html [Accessed 15 Novemeber 2021].