Japan is an island nation in East Asia located in the Pacific Ocean with about 130 million people across its 47 prefectures. It has four distinct seasons - spring features cherry blossom viewing, summer includes summer festivals and fireworks, fall is known for autumn leaves and mushrooms/chestnuts, and winter is when Christmas, New Year, skiing and snowboarding occur. Other notable aspects of Japan include sumo wrestling, manga comics, unique foods, and capsule hotels.