Explore the impact of PTSD on survivors of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in this case study. Discover how trauma can have lasting effects on individuals and communities.

1. The long lasting effects
of PTSD: The
Jallianwala Bagh Case
Study

2. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental
condition connected with the terrible experiences
of an event or incident in an individual's life.
The individual may experience the effects of the
state for an extended period, spanning from
several months to years.
Specific triggers have the potential to resurface
memories of the trauma, leading to heightened
emotional and physical responses like anxiety and
panic attacks.
Introduction

3. The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre is a tragic event in Indian history. On
April 13, 1919, British military officer General Dyer commanded his
troops to open fire on an unarmed crowd gathered in Punjab's Amritsar.
The group had come together to protest against the arrest of
nationalist leaders peacefully. Many people were killed, and many
more were injured. The event caused immense suffering and lasting
psychological injuries. Survivors of the massacre were deeply affected,
and many struggled to recover from the shock of the violence. It is a
certain event in the history of India that causes mental disorders like
PTSD in the masses.
TheJallianwalaBagh

4. After experiencing trauma like the Jallianwala
massacre, people can have initial reactions such as
exhaustion, confusion, sadness, anxiety, agitation,
numbness, dissociation, physical arousal, and blunted
affect.
These reactions are considered normal, socially
acceptable, psychologically effective, and self-limited.
However, delayed responses to trauma can occur,
especially for those who witnessed events like the
massacre. These delayed responses can include
persistent fatigue, sleep disorders, nightmares, fear of
recurrence, anxiety focused on flashbacks, depression,
and avoiding anything associated with the trauma.
Traumafacedbythesurvivorsofsuchevents

5. Triggers and flashbacks are common in trauma survivors.
Emotional reactions to trauma include anger, fear, and
sadness.
Numbing is a coping mechanism that leads to emotional
detachment.
Hyper-arousal, characterized by sleep disturbances and
exaggerated startle responses, is a common symptom of
PTSD.
Trauma can lead to various physical health challenges,
including gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, neurological,
musculoskeletal, respiratory, and dermatological
disorders.
Some common symptoms of people facing PTSD:
Traumafacedbythesurvivorsofsuchevents

6. Children who experience traumatic events like
Jalliwanwala Bagh may show different signs
depending on their age.
Young children may exhibit fear, confusion,
nightmares, and physical symptoms, while
adolescents may indicate depression, social
withdrawal, risky activities like sexual acting out,
and a wish for revenge.
The freedom fighters and legends of Indian
history like Bhagat Singh and Sardar Udham
Singh are also examples of individuals who faced
specific mental trauma after witnessing the
massacre.
EffectsofPTSDonChildren'sPsychology

7. Trauma survivors can benefit greatly from learning
new coping skills and techniques for managing
distressing emotions.
Mindfulness practices, cognitive restructuring, and
exposure therapy are practical approaches. In
addition to medication, good sleep habits, mental
rehearsal of nightmares, relaxation techniques, and
proper nutrition can also help.
Normalizing trauma symptoms is crucial to healing
and should be emphasized more. It is essential to be
reminded the individuals that their symptoms are not a
weakness or flaw and that recovery is possible.
CopingwithPTSD

8. It's been more than 110 years since the incident of Jallianwala
Bagh happened on this same day, but still, it is one of the most
traumatic events in the history of India. Incidents like these leave a
long-lasting impact on the memory of the individual who witnessed
them.
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