The document discusses the history and effects of China's one-child policy. It was introduced under Deng Xiaoping to boost economic growth by limiting population growth. The policy used rewards and punishments to encourage one-child families and reduce population growth rates. However, it also caused human rights issues and an imbalance in sex ratios. The document also examines the paintings of Chen Ke and how a new generation of artists in China draw from personal experiences to depict loneliness and modern life.