Islamic finance is a global financial system based on risk sharing rather than interest, in accordance with Sharia law. It prohibits interest (riba) and gambling (gharar), instead using contracts like mudarabah, musharakah, and ijara that are based on asset ownership and profit/loss sharing. Islamic finance has grown rapidly in recent decades and now represents over $1.6 trillion in banking assets globally. While separate from religious practices, Islamic finance provides an ethical alternative to conventional systems for both Muslim and non-Muslim participants.
This document discusses whether Islamic finance is an economic or religious system. It begins by defining economic and religious systems separately. It then provides background on Islam and outlines some key principles of Islamic finance, including a prohibition on riba (usury) and gharar (deception). The document notes that Islamic finance uses various contract structures to facilitate trade in accordance with Islamic law. It concludes that Islamic finance is an economic system based on risk-sharing principles, rather than a religious system, and is open to people of all faiths.
This document provides an overview of the framework of the Islamic financial system. It discusses key concepts like Islam, Islamic economics, banking and finance. The core principles of Islamic banking are outlined, including a prohibition of riba (usury) and risk sharing. The objectives of Islamic banking are described as promoting products and services based on shariah principles, upholding brotherhood and providing facilities to communities. Ethics like avoiding abuse of power and maintaining secrecy are also emphasized. Sources of Islamic law that guide the system are mentioned.
The document discusses Islamic banking and its principles and concepts. It provides background on the origins of Islamic banking in Egypt in 1963 and outlines some of the key differences from conventional banking, such as prohibitions on riba (interest) and investing in industries like alcohol or gambling. It defines common Islamic banking contracts and instruments like murabahah, mudarabah, and ijara. It also notes that while Islamic banking has grown significantly in many Muslim-majority countries, establishing it in India could help address the needs of its large Muslim population and attract their savings within the banking system.
This document discusses the key differences between conventional and Islamic accounting. Conventional accounting is based on Western rationalism and focuses on individual interests and profit maximization. Islamic accounting is based on Islamic principles of unity with God and social justice. It promotes social accountability and compliance with Sharia law. Some key aspects of Islamic accounting include prohibiting interest, requiring full disclosure, focusing on community interests over individuals, and using zakat to help the needy. The document argues conventional accounting can promote social imbalances while Islamic accounting fosters altruism and accountability to God.
How islamic finance works webinar by aus cif comYounis I Munshi
AusCIF aims to raise awareness of Islamic finance through educational programs and research, encourage links between academics and practitioners, attract leading Islamic finance scholars, enhance Islamic finance research and public awareness through events and conferences, and facilitate local research programs in emerging fields of Islamic banking and finance. It seeks to do this by developing comprehensive educational programs, improving international linkages, and contributing to the development of the Islamic banking and finance industry.
This document provides an introduction to Islamic banking and finance. It discusses the key prohibitions in Islamic financial transactions, including riba (interest), gharar (excessive uncertainty), and haram activities. It defines riba as money exchanged for money with profit, and gharar as lack of transparency and ambiguity in contracts. The document emphasizes that Islamic finance requires contracts to be fair and agreed upon by all parties. It also discusses the historical origins and development of Islamic banking practices.
This document provides an introduction to Islamic banking and finance. It discusses the key prohibitions of riba (interest), gharar (excessive uncertainty), and impermissible activities according to Islamic law. It defines Islamic banking as banking that complies with Shariah. The document outlines the historical origins and modern development of Islamic banking. It explains the basic functions and operations of Islamic banks, including the flow of funds and profits based on profit and loss sharing. Six key principles of Islamic banking are identified, including the prohibition of interest and emphasis on real economic activity.
This document discusses whether Islamic finance is an economic or religious system. It begins by defining economic and religious systems separately. It then provides background on Islam and outlines some key principles of Islamic finance, including a prohibition on riba (usury) and gharar (deception). The document notes that Islamic finance uses various contract structures to facilitate trade in accordance with Islamic law. It concludes that Islamic finance is an economic system based on risk-sharing principles, rather than a religious system, and is open to people of all faiths.
This document provides an overview of the framework of the Islamic financial system. It discusses key concepts like Islam, Islamic economics, banking and finance. The core principles of Islamic banking are outlined, including a prohibition of riba (usury) and risk sharing. The objectives of Islamic banking are described as promoting products and services based on shariah principles, upholding brotherhood and providing facilities to communities. Ethics like avoiding abuse of power and maintaining secrecy are also emphasized. Sources of Islamic law that guide the system are mentioned.
The document discusses Islamic banking and its principles and concepts. It provides background on the origins of Islamic banking in Egypt in 1963 and outlines some of the key differences from conventional banking, such as prohibitions on riba (interest) and investing in industries like alcohol or gambling. It defines common Islamic banking contracts and instruments like murabahah, mudarabah, and ijara. It also notes that while Islamic banking has grown significantly in many Muslim-majority countries, establishing it in India could help address the needs of its large Muslim population and attract their savings within the banking system.
This document discusses the key differences between conventional and Islamic accounting. Conventional accounting is based on Western rationalism and focuses on individual interests and profit maximization. Islamic accounting is based on Islamic principles of unity with God and social justice. It promotes social accountability and compliance with Sharia law. Some key aspects of Islamic accounting include prohibiting interest, requiring full disclosure, focusing on community interests over individuals, and using zakat to help the needy. The document argues conventional accounting can promote social imbalances while Islamic accounting fosters altruism and accountability to God.
How islamic finance works webinar by aus cif comYounis I Munshi
AusCIF aims to raise awareness of Islamic finance through educational programs and research, encourage links between academics and practitioners, attract leading Islamic finance scholars, enhance Islamic finance research and public awareness through events and conferences, and facilitate local research programs in emerging fields of Islamic banking and finance. It seeks to do this by developing comprehensive educational programs, improving international linkages, and contributing to the development of the Islamic banking and finance industry.
This document provides an introduction to Islamic banking and finance. It discusses the key prohibitions in Islamic financial transactions, including riba (interest), gharar (excessive uncertainty), and haram activities. It defines riba as money exchanged for money with profit, and gharar as lack of transparency and ambiguity in contracts. The document emphasizes that Islamic finance requires contracts to be fair and agreed upon by all parties. It also discusses the historical origins and development of Islamic banking practices.
This document provides an introduction to Islamic banking and finance. It discusses the key prohibitions of riba (interest), gharar (excessive uncertainty), and impermissible activities according to Islamic law. It defines Islamic banking as banking that complies with Shariah. The document outlines the historical origins and modern development of Islamic banking. It explains the basic functions and operations of Islamic banks, including the flow of funds and profits based on profit and loss sharing. Six key principles of Islamic banking are identified, including the prohibition of interest and emphasis on real economic activity.
This document outlines the details of an Islamic finance course covering various topics:
- The course covers Islamic finance principles, Shariah-compliant products like Sukuk and various contract types. It also covers structuring Islamic funds, product innovation, asset management and corporate governance in Islamic finance.
- Key Shariah-compliant financing contract types discussed include Musharakah, Mudarabah, Murabaha, Ijara, Istisna, Salam and others. Sukuk structures, types and trading are also covered.
- The differences between conventional and Islamic banks are explained. Islamic banks prohibit interest and require financing to be asset-backed and involve profit/loss sharing
The document discusses the Islamic economic system. It defines an economic system and compares Islam's system to capitalism and socialism. The Islamic system is a mix economy designed according to Quranic rules. It emphasizes social responsibility and forbids interest on loans. Property belongs to God and wealth carries ethical duties. The system aims to meet basic needs for all and fund public services through obligatory charity and taxes on wealth, not income. Historical examples showed justice and equity. While no current system fully follows Islamic principles, the document outlines Islam's vision for distributing resources fairly.
Islamic Banking (IB)Definition:Islamic banking can be defined as: a form of modern banking based on Islamic legal concepts using risk- sharing as its main method excluding financing based on fixed pre- determined return.
The document provides an overview of the evolution and growth of the Islamic financial system over the past six decades. It begins by noting that Islamic finance originated in Egypt in the 1960s with the establishment of the first social bank based on profit and loss sharing principles. It then discusses how Islamic finance later spread to other countries like Pakistan and gained more widespread acceptance. The document highlights influential figures like Dr. Ahmed Al Naggar who helped establish early Islamic banks and organizations to support the development of Islamic finance education and standards. It concludes by noting that Islamic finance has now grown to be a major component of the financial systems in many Muslim-majority countries and regions over the past 60 years.
Islamic Banking ,its products and applications.pptahsenaykazim1
This document provides an introduction to Islamic banking and finance. It begins by defining Islamic banking as banking that complies with Shariah or Islamic law. It then discusses key topics such as the prohibition of riba (interest), gharar (excessive uncertainty), and impermissible activities according to Islamic principles. The document also covers the historical origins and development of Islamic banking, highlighting experiments in the 1960s-1970s that helped establish modern Islamic banking practices. It explains the key principles of Islamic banking including profit and loss sharing and the emphasis on real economic activity and asset-backed transactions.
This document discusses the key differences between conventional and Islamic accounting. It notes that conventional accounting is based on Western secular principles focused on individual interests and profit maximization, while Islamic accounting is based on religious principles from the Quran and Hadith focused on social interests and justice. Some key differences highlighted include objectives (reasonable profit vs. maximum profit), accountability (public vs. personal), and measurement bases (current market prices vs. historical cost). The document also provides overview of Islamic business principles like prohibitions on interest and guidelines for calculating mandatory charitable donations (zakat).
Chaptr one.ppt Islamic banking and commercial bankjuweeriyojohaana
The document provides an introduction to Islamic banking systems. It defines key terms related to finance and financial systems. It explains why Islamic banking exists by highlighting its objectives of equal wealth distribution and social justice. Islamic banking is defined as banking that complies with Shariah law and avoids interest. The main differences between Islamic and conventional banking are discussed, including how Islamic banking promotes risk-sharing and asset-based financing. The six key principles of Islamic banking are outlined. An overview of financial institutions, markets, and instruments is also provided.
The document outlines some key principles of Islamic business ideals and ethics according to Islamic law (shariah). It discusses that shariah governs all aspects of Muslim life, including commerce, and delineates what is permissible (halal) and forbidden (haram). Some of the ethical principles in Islamic business discussed include unity, justice, balance, and social responsibility. It also notes that the global Muslim population represents a huge potential unified market and practicing business with Muslims can help ensure fair and ethical treatment.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY BASED ON ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVEAizad Norizan
This document discusses Islamic corporate social responsibility from a religious perspective. It provides definitions and discusses CSR in Islam beyond legal obligations, focusing on ethical, philanthropic, and economic dimensions. Key points include that CSR is a religious requirement for Islamic institutions due to moral obligations to stakeholders. Islam prohibits harmful products and requires honesty, justice and equitable distribution of wealth in business. Charitable donations like Zakat are encouraged to help the poor and balance the economy. Overall business is meant to fulfill religious duties in addition to material needs according to Islamic teachings.
This document provides an overview of Islamic banking, including its current scenario and future prospects. It begins by establishing that Islamic banking combines principles of Islam and banking/economics. It then compares the capitalist, socialist, and Islamic economic systems, noting that Islam seeks a balanced approach. The document outlines some key Islamic banking concepts like murabaha, mudaraba, musharaka, and ijara. It also provides examples of Islamic financial products and services. Finally, it summarizes the size and global reach of the Islamic banking industry currently.
This lecture discusses different economic systems in the world including capitalism and Islamic economic systems. It outlines some key principles of Islamic finance including a prohibition on interest, risk sharing, and sharia-approved activities. It then compares capitalism and Islamic economics, noting that while capitalism allows unlimited private ownership and economic freedom, Islamic economics places restrictions to prevent exploitation and ensure a fair distribution of wealth.
1. The document discusses the key concepts and principles of Islamic economics according to various scholars and sources.
2. It outlines the basic principles of Islamic economics such as individual liberty, right to property, social equality, and prohibition of accumulation of wealth by certain groups.
3. Ibn Khaldun is highlighted as a pioneering thinker in economics who made important contributions centuries before Adam Smith, including theories on labor, value, demand and supply, prices, profits, growth, taxation, and foreign trade.
The document discusses the history and evolution of money and monetary systems from ancient times to modern times. It notes that gold and silver coins were widely used as currencies historically. It describes the transition to paper money backed by gold or silver, then the removal of the gold standard and use of fiat currencies not backed by commodities. This led to greater instability, devaluations, and inflation. The Bretton Woods system tied currencies to the US dollar and gold but collapsed in the 1970s, ending the convertibility of dollars to gold and contributing to currency value fluctuations.
This document provides an overview of the Islamic financial system. It begins with some background on the rise of globalization and different cultures attempting to contribute to the international business world. The author then discusses two challenges in writing about the Islamic financial system: 1) the religious background and 2) it not being a single, unified system. The rest of the document covers an introduction to Islam, common principles of Islamic finance like contractual fairness and social justice, prohibited transactions, modes of financing, and challenges facing Islamic finance.
This document provides an overview of the Islamic financial system. It begins with some background on the rise of globalization and different cultures attempting to contribute to the international business world. The author notes that the Islamic financial system was one such attempt to add Islamic beliefs and principles.
The author then discusses some of the challenges in writing about the Islamic financial system, such as differing applications across countries and the religious aspects. The rest of the document outlines what will be covered, including an introduction to Islam, common principles of Islamic finance, prohibited transactions, financing modes, and challenges. It provides some high-level context on the roots and goals of the Islamic financial system in adhering to Islamic law and principles.
The document provides an overview of a presentation on recent issues in Islamic finance and the modern economy. The presentation covers the main principles of Islamic finance including a ban on interest (riba), promotion of fairness and equity, profit and loss sharing, and the zakat mechanism. It also discusses the differences between Islamic finance and conventional finance which allows interest, as well as governance, growth, human capital development issues, and La Trobe University's role in and plans for its new Master of Islamic Banking and Finance program.
The document provides an overview of Islamic banking, including its key concepts, history, differences from conventional banking, common financial contracts and products, future landscape, and challenges. The main points covered are:
1. Islamic banking is based on Sharia principles which prohibit riba (interest), gharar (uncertainty), and maisir (gambling). It aims to be asset-backed and promote risk-sharing.
2. Islamic banking has existed since the birth of Islam but modern Islamic banks first emerged in the 1960s-1970s. There are now over 600 Islamic banks worldwide managing over $1.4 trillion in assets.
3. Islamic banking differs from conventional banking in that it is based on partnership
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...my Pandit
Explore the fascinating world of the Gemini Zodiac Sign. Discover the unique personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights of Gemini individuals. Learn how their sociable, communicative nature and boundless curiosity make them the dynamic explorers of the zodiac. Dive into the duality of the Gemini sign and understand their intellectual and adventurous spirit.
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This document outlines the details of an Islamic finance course covering various topics:
- The course covers Islamic finance principles, Shariah-compliant products like Sukuk and various contract types. It also covers structuring Islamic funds, product innovation, asset management and corporate governance in Islamic finance.
- Key Shariah-compliant financing contract types discussed include Musharakah, Mudarabah, Murabaha, Ijara, Istisna, Salam and others. Sukuk structures, types and trading are also covered.
- The differences between conventional and Islamic banks are explained. Islamic banks prohibit interest and require financing to be asset-backed and involve profit/loss sharing
The document discusses the Islamic economic system. It defines an economic system and compares Islam's system to capitalism and socialism. The Islamic system is a mix economy designed according to Quranic rules. It emphasizes social responsibility and forbids interest on loans. Property belongs to God and wealth carries ethical duties. The system aims to meet basic needs for all and fund public services through obligatory charity and taxes on wealth, not income. Historical examples showed justice and equity. While no current system fully follows Islamic principles, the document outlines Islam's vision for distributing resources fairly.
Islamic Banking (IB)Definition:Islamic banking can be defined as: a form of modern banking based on Islamic legal concepts using risk- sharing as its main method excluding financing based on fixed pre- determined return.
The document provides an overview of the evolution and growth of the Islamic financial system over the past six decades. It begins by noting that Islamic finance originated in Egypt in the 1960s with the establishment of the first social bank based on profit and loss sharing principles. It then discusses how Islamic finance later spread to other countries like Pakistan and gained more widespread acceptance. The document highlights influential figures like Dr. Ahmed Al Naggar who helped establish early Islamic banks and organizations to support the development of Islamic finance education and standards. It concludes by noting that Islamic finance has now grown to be a major component of the financial systems in many Muslim-majority countries and regions over the past 60 years.
Islamic Banking ,its products and applications.pptahsenaykazim1
This document provides an introduction to Islamic banking and finance. It begins by defining Islamic banking as banking that complies with Shariah or Islamic law. It then discusses key topics such as the prohibition of riba (interest), gharar (excessive uncertainty), and impermissible activities according to Islamic principles. The document also covers the historical origins and development of Islamic banking, highlighting experiments in the 1960s-1970s that helped establish modern Islamic banking practices. It explains the key principles of Islamic banking including profit and loss sharing and the emphasis on real economic activity and asset-backed transactions.
This document discusses the key differences between conventional and Islamic accounting. It notes that conventional accounting is based on Western secular principles focused on individual interests and profit maximization, while Islamic accounting is based on religious principles from the Quran and Hadith focused on social interests and justice. Some key differences highlighted include objectives (reasonable profit vs. maximum profit), accountability (public vs. personal), and measurement bases (current market prices vs. historical cost). The document also provides overview of Islamic business principles like prohibitions on interest and guidelines for calculating mandatory charitable donations (zakat).
Chaptr one.ppt Islamic banking and commercial bankjuweeriyojohaana
The document provides an introduction to Islamic banking systems. It defines key terms related to finance and financial systems. It explains why Islamic banking exists by highlighting its objectives of equal wealth distribution and social justice. Islamic banking is defined as banking that complies with Shariah law and avoids interest. The main differences between Islamic and conventional banking are discussed, including how Islamic banking promotes risk-sharing and asset-based financing. The six key principles of Islamic banking are outlined. An overview of financial institutions, markets, and instruments is also provided.
The document outlines some key principles of Islamic business ideals and ethics according to Islamic law (shariah). It discusses that shariah governs all aspects of Muslim life, including commerce, and delineates what is permissible (halal) and forbidden (haram). Some of the ethical principles in Islamic business discussed include unity, justice, balance, and social responsibility. It also notes that the global Muslim population represents a huge potential unified market and practicing business with Muslims can help ensure fair and ethical treatment.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY BASED ON ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVEAizad Norizan
This document discusses Islamic corporate social responsibility from a religious perspective. It provides definitions and discusses CSR in Islam beyond legal obligations, focusing on ethical, philanthropic, and economic dimensions. Key points include that CSR is a religious requirement for Islamic institutions due to moral obligations to stakeholders. Islam prohibits harmful products and requires honesty, justice and equitable distribution of wealth in business. Charitable donations like Zakat are encouraged to help the poor and balance the economy. Overall business is meant to fulfill religious duties in addition to material needs according to Islamic teachings.
This document provides an overview of Islamic banking, including its current scenario and future prospects. It begins by establishing that Islamic banking combines principles of Islam and banking/economics. It then compares the capitalist, socialist, and Islamic economic systems, noting that Islam seeks a balanced approach. The document outlines some key Islamic banking concepts like murabaha, mudaraba, musharaka, and ijara. It also provides examples of Islamic financial products and services. Finally, it summarizes the size and global reach of the Islamic banking industry currently.
This lecture discusses different economic systems in the world including capitalism and Islamic economic systems. It outlines some key principles of Islamic finance including a prohibition on interest, risk sharing, and sharia-approved activities. It then compares capitalism and Islamic economics, noting that while capitalism allows unlimited private ownership and economic freedom, Islamic economics places restrictions to prevent exploitation and ensure a fair distribution of wealth.
1. The document discusses the key concepts and principles of Islamic economics according to various scholars and sources.
2. It outlines the basic principles of Islamic economics such as individual liberty, right to property, social equality, and prohibition of accumulation of wealth by certain groups.
3. Ibn Khaldun is highlighted as a pioneering thinker in economics who made important contributions centuries before Adam Smith, including theories on labor, value, demand and supply, prices, profits, growth, taxation, and foreign trade.
The document discusses the history and evolution of money and monetary systems from ancient times to modern times. It notes that gold and silver coins were widely used as currencies historically. It describes the transition to paper money backed by gold or silver, then the removal of the gold standard and use of fiat currencies not backed by commodities. This led to greater instability, devaluations, and inflation. The Bretton Woods system tied currencies to the US dollar and gold but collapsed in the 1970s, ending the convertibility of dollars to gold and contributing to currency value fluctuations.
This document provides an overview of the Islamic financial system. It begins with some background on the rise of globalization and different cultures attempting to contribute to the international business world. The author then discusses two challenges in writing about the Islamic financial system: 1) the religious background and 2) it not being a single, unified system. The rest of the document covers an introduction to Islam, common principles of Islamic finance like contractual fairness and social justice, prohibited transactions, modes of financing, and challenges facing Islamic finance.
This document provides an overview of the Islamic financial system. It begins with some background on the rise of globalization and different cultures attempting to contribute to the international business world. The author notes that the Islamic financial system was one such attempt to add Islamic beliefs and principles.
The author then discusses some of the challenges in writing about the Islamic financial system, such as differing applications across countries and the religious aspects. The rest of the document outlines what will be covered, including an introduction to Islam, common principles of Islamic finance, prohibited transactions, financing modes, and challenges. It provides some high-level context on the roots and goals of the Islamic financial system in adhering to Islamic law and principles.
The document provides an overview of a presentation on recent issues in Islamic finance and the modern economy. The presentation covers the main principles of Islamic finance including a ban on interest (riba), promotion of fairness and equity, profit and loss sharing, and the zakat mechanism. It also discusses the differences between Islamic finance and conventional finance which allows interest, as well as governance, growth, human capital development issues, and La Trobe University's role in and plans for its new Master of Islamic Banking and Finance program.
The document provides an overview of Islamic banking, including its key concepts, history, differences from conventional banking, common financial contracts and products, future landscape, and challenges. The main points covered are:
1. Islamic banking is based on Sharia principles which prohibit riba (interest), gharar (uncertainty), and maisir (gambling). It aims to be asset-backed and promote risk-sharing.
2. Islamic banking has existed since the birth of Islam but modern Islamic banks first emerged in the 1960s-1970s. There are now over 600 Islamic banks worldwide managing over $1.4 trillion in assets.
3. Islamic banking differs from conventional banking in that it is based on partnership
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...my Pandit
Explore the fascinating world of the Gemini Zodiac Sign. Discover the unique personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights of Gemini individuals. Learn how their sociable, communicative nature and boundless curiosity make them the dynamic explorers of the zodiac. Dive into the duality of the Gemini sign and understand their intellectual and adventurous spirit.
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50 million companies worldwide leverage WhatsApp as a key marketing channel. You may have considered adding it to your marketing mix, or probably already driving impressive conversions with WhatsApp.
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The fashion industry is dynamic and ever-changing, continuously sculpted by trailblazing visionaries who challenge norms and redefine beauty. This document delves into the profiles of some of the most iconic fashion personalities whose impact has left a lasting impression on the industry. From timeless designers to modern-day influencers, each individual has uniquely woven their thread into the rich fabric of fashion history, contributing to its ongoing evolution.
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2. Economic System
• Is a system of the production trade and consumption of goods & services.
• The economic agent can be individual, businesses, or Government
• Transaction occur when two or more parties agree to the value or price of
the transacted goods or service in an agreed currency
• The currency or money is a medium of exchange (Money was created by
the ancient Egyptian approximately 2000 years BC )
• Market base economy where goods and services are exchanged freely
without interference according to the demand and supply by barter or
exchange of money
“Adam Smith defined economy as the products offered at a national price
generated by the use of competition , while Governments should only
regulate for abuse and control monopoly , Transparency and information is
essential element for free market economy”
• Economics activities are measured by GDP, consumers spending, Exchange
rate, stock market, national debit, inflation rate, balance of trade,
unemployment and interest rate
3. Different Economics system
• Capitalism
• Competition is on free market the price, production and consumption of
goods based on demand and supply, the trade privately owned and managed
for profit.
• No regards to unemployment, social growth
• Communism
• All property and capitals are owned and managed by the state including
economic activities, enterprise, labour, production and consumption.
• Employment is the state to provide, wages are set by the state according to
the national output
• Islamic System
• Market base economy, where goods and services are exchanged freely
according to the demand and supply by barter or money with debit or credit
value
• Entrepreneurs are encouraged to create wealth throw employment and
social activities
• It is a balance between the two systems, it is emphasis both individual
economic freedom and the need to serve the common good
4. Can Economy and Religion mix
• The practice of religion is between the person and his God in
forms of pray or meditations, and in daily life such as
marriage, funerary service, public service and charities
• Economic systems are manmade system to regulate and
reform trade:
Throw history economic systems have taken a form of trying and
testing of what to produce? How to produce? Who gets what is
produced?
Efficacy, growth, liberty and equality are objectives to achieve in
good economic systems
In capitalist economic system production carried out to maximize
profit, while in socialist systems labour and jobs is the goal
5. Islam
• The word Islam means
“submission” or “total surrender” to God,
• Islam is a Holy religion that came to the world some 1443 years
ago in the year 578.
• There are 1.7 billion Muslims in the world (23% of total world
population) with annual growth of 15% (in 2020 Muslim
population expected 25% of the world population) ,
making it 2nd largest religion after Christianity. Only 20% of those
live in Arab Countries.
• God Revealed the Qur'an to people through his last messenger,
Prophet Mohammed ”BPUH”.
• The Qur'an is the holly book.
• Mohammed's words and deeds are called Sunnah; both are the
fundamental sources of Islamic law, known as Shariah.
6. Islam
• The five pillars of Islam:
1. Shahabad (profession of faith)
2. Salat (prayer)
3. Zakat (giving of alms)
4. Sawm Ramadan (fasting during the month of Ramadan)
5. Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca for those who are able
physically and financially)
7. Shari'ah law
Justice, fairness and morality
• Are values which underpin both the entire Islamic way of life.
• Shariah gives guidance as to what is, and what is not,
acceptable behaviour in all areas of a Muslim’s life
• Shari'ah is developed by Shari'ah scholars (Known as Schools
of thoughts, Safaai, Hanafi, Hanbali, Malki, Sheaat ,etc. ) over
1000 years ago (over 400 years after Islam)
• The recent Scholars known as Shari'ah advisors or Shari’ah
board has studied Fiqh Al-Muaamlat able to explain Shari'ah
law for recent business dealings.
• The principal base of the Shari’ah Law is:
the permissibility, the prohibition is exceptional
7
8. What is Islamic Finance?
• Islamic Banks Started in 1974 in Egypt with the first Islamic
Bank “Nasser social bank” followed by Islamic development
bank in 1975, now there are over 600 Islamic Banks globally
• Islamic Banks started as interest free bank to help the small
entrepreneurs to start business, the costs of managing the
bank charged the stack holder as expanses
• The framework of an Islamic financial system is based on
elements of Shari'ah(Islamic Law) which prohibit Riba (Usury)
and Gharar (Deception) and permit Risk sharing
• The fundamental concept is that the money has no inherent
value and should be used as a measure of worth
• Shari’ah compliant investment are structured on the exchange
of ownership in tangible assets or services with money acting
as the payment mechanism to effect the transfer of ownership
9. Shari’ah Law
• Recent Islamic scholars who from time to time re-examine
the Shari'ah principals have structured new financial
instruments
• Those instruments must comply with principals of The of
Shari'ah law
• Ethics of the Shari’ah Law originate from:
The Qur'an
The Sunnah,
Ijmaa - consensus among the jurists,
Qiyyas – analogy
Ijtihad - reasoning
10. Prohibition In
Islamic
financial system
Riba
(Usury) Short
Sale
(Future or
goods you
do not own)
Monopoly
Unfair &
Unjust
Contracts
Unlawful &
unethical
trade
Money
Trading
(money is
payment
mechanism)
Gambling
Gharar
(Deception,
Speculation)
11. Prohibitions
InIslamicfinancialsystem
• Prohibition of Unfairness & Unjust
• Prohibition of Riba (usury)
• Prohibition of Gharar (Deception & Speculation)
• Prohibition of Gambling
• Prohibition of Monopolies
• Prohibition of Short Sales
• Prohibition in money trading (Money is a medium not a
commodity)
• Prohibition of Dealing in Unlawful or Unethical Goods or
Services
13. Shari'ah Compliant Products
• Products that exchangeable for money
• Products are not prohibited in Islam
• Products are not traded under duress
• Products that are free from Riba
• Products are traded in the open market
• Products that are not monopolized by one party
14. Islamic Finance Contracts
• Because of the importance of money to all human being,
regardless of his or her beliefs
• Islam has addressed this issue in general terms, and gave
societies the choice to develop their own financial systems, as
long as the system is
Fair & Just
To everyone
15. Global development of Islamic Finance
• Islamic Finance is fastest growing segments of the Global
Financial services Industry
• Global Islamic banking assets with commercial banks reached
$1.6 trillion in 2013 (2011: $1.3 trillion), representing average
annual growth of 17%
• Islamic banking growth by 50% faster than overall banking
sector in several core markets
• Shari’ah compliant financial assets have been growing at rate
20-25% over the last 10 Years estimated at US$ 1.8 Trillion in
2012, That represent only 1.2 % of the global financial system
• Still to small sum considering China Construction Bank hold
US$ 2.6 Trillion in assets
20. What make Islamic Finance
a Global system ?
• Islamic Finance is an economical system based on
Risk sharing (sharing profit & loss)
• The Shari’ah explains the ethical concept of the money and
capital use ( Money is a medium of transaction not a commodity)
• The system prohibit RIBA, but also offers an alternative tools
of avoiding Riba
• The prohibition of GHARAR (Uncertainty) allowing all
transaction to be transparent and free from deception
• The system sets the social responsibility for the financial
institution to take active part in the economic development to
create jobs and generate wealth (such as Sukuk issuance to
raise capital from small investors for new project
development) not just profitmaking
• The system sets the relationship between RISK and Profit
21. What make Islamic Finance
a Global system
• Prohibiting trade in Unethical products(such as Pork,
pornography and alcohol) help the economy to grow ethically
• There are numerous experienced Shari’ah Scholars who are to
advise on the Shari’ah compliant activities
• Over 60% of investors in Sukuk are non-Islamic corporate
investors because its safer investment than Bonds
• Although their their are different Schools of thoughts applied
in different parts of the Glob, but all Schools agree on the
same principals “different opinions benefit the people”
“ for Example Shari’ah interpolation in Malaysia based on
Shafie School and other parts of the world prefer anther
School , but overall all Schools follow the same path”
22. Growth During the Crisis
• One impact of the Global Financial Crises has been the rise of
Islamic Finance because its resilience to such crises
• Not one single Islamic Bank anywhere in world has needed to
be bailed out by taxpayers or Government (Despite some
difficulties in Dubai real estate)
• Islamic Banks were not caught up with exposure to the “Toxic
Assets” (Assets has no value) which hit the conventional banks
• Products offerings and investment of Islamic Banks are
relatively secure
• The question heir to ask is:
Would the Global crises have occurred if Islamic finance
principals had been followed?
23. Conclusions
• Economy and Religion do not mix
• Islamic Finance is a global financial system
• Islamic Finance is an economic system based on Risk sharing
• Islamic Finance is not a religious system, its open for all people
Muslim and non-Muslim to take part
• Islamic finance is a system of making Money ethically
• Islamic finance tools may have different terminology, the
global economy apply similar tools, but the risk have not been
shared fairly between the parties