Introduction to air cargo, Different types of cargo and future trends of air cargo .

1. CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY
UITHM
Department of airlines
Subject – Cargo services and management 22AAT206
Topic – Introduction to Air Cargo
Submitted by –
Muskan Perween 22BAT10205
SECTION – 22BAT 3

2. Contents -
• 1 – Introduction to cargo
• 2- First good that was transported through
air cargo
• 3- Types of cargo : General and special cargo
• 4- Perishable and non-perishable goods
• 5-Transportation of live animals in air cargo
• Dangerous goods
• 6-Importance of Air cargo
• 7-Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION TO
CARGO
Air cargo is another term for air freight . It is the
carriage or the transportation of goods through an
air carrier . It involves using aircrafts to move various
types of cargo , ranging from small packages to large
shipments of goods , across different distances and
destinations . It plays a crucial role in global trade
and logistics , connecting businesses and markets
around the world . The cargo transportation industry
in India has experienced significant growth in recent
years .

4. First good that was transported through air cargo -
The first recorded instance of air cargo
transportation dates back to November 7, 1910. On
that day, a pioneer in aviation named Phil Parmalee
carried a package of silk from Dayton, Ohio, to
Columbus, Ohio, in a Wright Model B biplane.
The flight covered a distance of about 65 miles and
took approximately 66 minutes. This event marked
one of the earliest instances of using an aircraft to
transport cargo.
The significance of this flight was not just the
transportation of the silk itself, but the
demonstration that aircraft could be utilized for
more than just carrying passengers.
.

5. Types of
air cargo
General
cargo
Special
cargo

6. General Cargo:
General cargo refers to a broad category of goods
that do not require specialized handling or storage
conditions during transportation. General cargo is
often transported using regular air cargo services
and does not necessitate specific temperature
control, safety measures, or unique handling
procedures . It includes –
• Textiles and Apparel
• Machinery Parts and Automotive Products.
• Consumer Goods: Household items,
appliances, etc.
• Industrial Equipment: Tools, machinery, and
instruments.
• Personal Care Products.
• Non-Perishable Food.

7. Special Cargo:
Special cargo encompasses a range of goods that
have specific transportation requirements due to
their unique nature, characteristics, or regulatory
considerations. It includes –
• Perishable goods
• Dangerous goods
• Oversized cargo
• Pharmaceuticals
• Live animals
• Aerospace components

8. Perishable Goods
Perishable goods are items that have a
limited shelf life and can deteriorate, spoil,
or become unsafe for consumption if not
properly stored or handled.
• Bakery items
• Fruits and vegetables
• Meats
• Dairy products etc .
Non-Perishable Goods
Non-perishable goods are items that have a
longer shelf life and are less likely to
deteriorate or spoil over time.
• Canned food
• Packaged snacks
• Bottled Beverages
• Household supplies like cleaning products ,
paper goods etc .

9. The process can vary depending on the type of animal, its
size, the distance of the journey, and the airline's policies.
•The shipper must ensure that they comply with all
relevant international and local regulations for transporting
live animals. These regulations may include requirements
for health certificates, vaccinations, permits, and other
documentation.
•The shipper may also need to comply with the Convention
on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild
Fauna and Flora (CITES) if the animals being transported
are listed species.
How live animals are shipped in Air
cargo -

10. • Depending on the type of animal, appropriate
containers or crates are used for transportation.
These containers must provide adequate ventilation,
temperature control, and security.
• The temperature range is typically between 45°F and
85°F (7°C to 29°C) to accommodate a variety of
animal species.
• Airlines typically have designated areas or facilities
for handling live animals . Loading personnel are
trained to handle live animals with care, minimizing
stress and ensuring safety .

11. • The cargo area of the aircraft is pressurized and
temperature-controlled to ensure a comfortable and safe
environment for the animals.
• Airlines have dedicated "animal compartments" with
enhanced temperature and ventilation controls. Efforts
are made to minimize noise and vibration that could
stress the animals.
• Cargo hold design often includes features to dampen
noise and vibration from the aircraft's engines and
movement.

12. Classification of dangerous goods -
Dangerous goods are grouped into nine classes:
• Class 1-Explosives
• Class 2-Gasses
• Class 3-Flammable Liquids
• Class 4-Flammable Solids; Substance Liable to Spontaneous Combustion; Substances which, in Contact with
Water, Emit Flammable Gases
• Class 5-Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides
• Class 6-Toxic and Infectious Substances
• Class 7-Radioactive Material
• Class 8-Corrosives
• Class 9-Miscellaneous Dangerous Substances and Articles, Including Environmentally Hazardous Substances

14. Importance of Air cargo
TRADE
FACILITATION:
CARGO ENABLES
THE EXCHANGE
OF GOODS
BETWEEN
COUNTRIES,
DRIVING
INTERNATIONAL
TRADE AND
ECONOMIC
GROWTH.
SUPPLY CHAIN
SUPPORT: TIMELY
CARGO
TRANSPORT
ENSURES
UNINTERRUPTED
PRODUCTION BY
DELIVERING RAW
MATERIALS AND
COMPONENTS TO
INDUSTRIES.
CONSUMER
ACCESS: CARGO
ALLOWS
CONSUMERS TO
ACCESS A DIVERSE
ARRAY OF
PRODUCTS,
CONTRIBUTING TO
A HIGHER QUALITY
OF LIFE.
ECONOMIC
REVENUE: IMPORT
AND EXPORT
DUTIES FROM
CARGO
CONTRIBUTE
SIGNIFICANTLY TO
GOVERNMENT
REVENUE AND
NATIONAL
ECONOMIES.
CRISIS RESPONSE:
CARGO
TRANSPORTS VITAL
GOODS DURING
EMERGENCIES,
SUCH AS MEDICAL
SUPPLIES AND
RELIEF AID,
SUPPORTING
DISASTER
RESPONSE
EFFORTS.

15. FUTURE OF AIR
CARGO
• Digital Transformation
• Automation and Robotics
• Drone Deliveries
• Sustainable Practices
• E-commerce Expansion
• Pharmaceutical Transportation
• Advanced Analytics
• Safety and Security
• Collaboration and Alliances

16. Conclusion
• Air cargo plays a vital role in global trade by
offering rapid and efficient transportation of
goods across vast distances. Its speed and global
reach make it indispensable for industries
requiring timely deliveries. However, its
advantages must be balanced with
considerations of cost, environmental impact,
and regulatory compliance.