Pharmacology

1. AUTONOMIC
NERVOUS SYSTEM
3/10/2023 DR FOUZIA
1

2. ANATOMICAL DIVISION OF
NERVOUS SYSTEM
1-Central Nervous System
2-Peripheral Nervous System
3/10/2023 ANS 2

3. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
1-Somatic Nervous System
(Voluntary Control) e.g., Skeletal Muscles.
2-Autonomic Nervous System
(Involuntary Control) Visceral & Cardiac Muscles,
3/10/2023 ANS 3

4. 3/10/2023 ANS 4

5. SYMPATHETIC SYSTEM
Sympathetic system is activated during
“fear, fight and flight”
Norepinephrine (NE) :
It is primary transmitter at sympathetic
postganglionic neurons.
AT NERVE ENDINGS:
80% NE, 20% EPI
IN ADRENAL MEDULLA :
80% EPI, 20% NE
3/10/2023 ANS 5

6. 3/10/2023 ANS 6

7. 3/10/2023 ANS 7

8. SYNTHESIS & STORAGE OF NE
1-Transport of tyrosine across membrane
2-Hydroxylation of tyrosine---DOPA
Inhibited by Metyrosine
3-Decarboxylation of DOPA---DOPAMINE
4-Inside vesicle , Hydroxylation---NE
Transported by VMAT into vesicle for storage
VMAT ---Inhibited by Reserpine
Termination of action :
1-REUPTAKE (Inside the cleft)
MAO: Inactivates a portion of NE & Dopamine
3/10/2023 ANS 8

9. RECEPTORS (SYMPATHETIC SYSTEM)
Adrenergic Receptors:
Alpha Receptors:
α1, α2.
Beta Receptors:
β1, β2, β3.
Dopaminergic Receptors:
D1,D2, D3, D4, D5
NE
Agonist at α1,α2, β1 and β3 receptors
EPI
Agonist at all receptors including α1 and α2, β1, β2,
and β3
3/10/2023 ANS 9

10. 3/10/2023 ANS 10

11. 3/10/2023 ANS 11

12. 3/10/2023 ANS 12

13. PARASYMPATHETIC SYSTEM
Parasympathetic system is a system of
“rest and digest”
Acetylcholine (ACh):
Primary transmitter at
1-All autonomic ganglia
2-Parasympathetic postganglionic neurons.
3-At the somatic (voluntary) skeletal muscle NM
junction
3/10/2023 ANS 13

14. 3/10/2023 ANS 14

15. 3/10/2023 ANS 15

16. SYNTHESIS & STORAGE OF Ach
A-Transport of choline across the cell membrane
Inhibited by hemicholinium
Acetyl-CoA : From mitochondria
Choline acetyl transferase (ChAT)
B-Storage : vesicle-associated transporter, VAT
VAT : Inhibited by vesamicol.
B-Release of Ach:
It is inhibited by Botulinum toxin
Termination of Action is by Acetylcholinesterase ---
Acetate & choline
3/10/2023 ANS 16

17. RECEPTORS OF PARASYMATHETIC
SYSTEM
MUSCARINIC
M1
M2
M3
NICOTINIC
Nn--- Autonomic Ganglia
Nm--- Neuromuscular junction
3/10/2023
A
N
S
17

18. 3/10/2023 ANS 18

19. 3/10/2023 ANS 19

20. 3/10/2023 ANS 20

21. 3/10/2023 ANS 21

22. 3/10/2023 ANS 22