Detailed note on acne their type, prevention, treatment, and management By Shreya Maurya from Kunwar Ajeet College of pharmacy Jaunpur Uttar Pradesh.

2. Presented by: Shreya Maurya and Shivangi Yadav
B.Pharm 4th year
Submitted to: Mr. Nematullah sir
Cosmetics problem
associated with acne

3. The skin ailment that generates pimples
is called acne. In most cases, you'll
develop facial acne. Acne is due to
clogged pores. Although many people
experience acne during adulthood, it most
commonly affectsteenagers and young
adults. Skin clogging in the pores is a
frequent ailment known as acne. Acne of
the black, white, and other kinds is
caused by pore blockages. Itchy, pus-
filled zits on your skin that can hurt
occasionally.
Introduction of acne

4. Who is affected by acne?
Everyone has acne at some point in their lives. Acne is
most frequent in teenagers and young adults going through
hormonal changes, although it can also happen in adults.
Adult acne is more prevalent in women. If acne runs in your
family, you might be more susceptible to getting it
(genetics).

5. Recognize that you're not the only one with acne. The most
prevalent skin ailment that people deal with is acne. 80% of
individuals between the ages of 11 and 30 are predicted to have
mild acne.
How widespread is acne?

6. Where It Occurs:
Although acne on the face is more common, more than
half of those with acne on their faces also have acne on
their bodies.

7. Inflammation, an increase in the production of
skin oil, and an overabundance of skin cells
block pores in the skin, leading to the formation
of acne lesions. Skin oil is trapped in the clogged
pore by the acne bacterium, which grows and
feeds on the trapped oil.
Lesions fall into two categories:

8. Lorem Ipsum
1- Non-inflammatory acne (not red or sore):
● Whiteheads – small white dots on the skin
● Blackheads – small black/brown dots on
the skin

9. 2- Inflammatory acne (red and sore):
● Papules – raised red pimples with no white
or yellow center
● Pustules – raised red pimples with a white
or yellow center
● Nodules – large (over 5mm wide), severe,
painful, fibrous lesions not filled with pus
● Cysts – large (over 5mm wide), severe,
painful lesions filled with liquid or pus

10. There are several types of acne, including:
● Fungal acne (pityrosporum folliculitis): Fungal acne occurs when yeast builds up in
your hair follicles. These can be itchy and inflamed.
● Cystic acne: Cystic acne causes deep, pus-filled pimples and nodules. These can cause
scars.
● Hormonal acne: Hormonal acne affects adults who have an overproduction of sebum
that clogs their pores.
● Nodular acne: Nodular acne is a severe form of acne that causes pimples on the
surface of your skin, and tender, nodular lumps under your skin.

11. The most common places where you might have acne are on your:
● Face.
● Forehead.
● Chest.
● Shoulders.
● Upper back.
Oil glands exist all over your body. The common locations of acne
are where oil glands exist the most.
Where on my body will I have acne?

12. What causes acne?

13. Triggers of acne
Certain things in your environment contribute to acne or
they can make an acne breakout worse, including:
● Wearing tight-fitting clothing and headgear, like
hats and sports helmets.
● Air pollution and certain weather conditions,
especially high humidity.
● Using oily or greasy personal care products, like
heavy lotions and creams, or working in an area
where you routinely come in contact with grease,
such as working at a restaurant with frying oil.
● Stress, which increases the hormone cortisol.
● A side effect of a medication.
● Picking at your acne.

14. Hormone-related acne
Testosterone, an androgen hormone, is the primary
hormonal cause of acne. Around adolescence and early
adulthood, this usually starts to happen. As a result of
hormone activity, you might also observe the onset of
acne during your period. Acne can be brought on by
your body's sensitivity to this hormone, surface
microorganisms, and chemicals secreted by your
glands.

15. Foods that cause acne

16. Management and Treatment
Management
Patient know about the:
● hygiene
● diet
● cosmetics
● hair style
● washing of lesions
● premenstrual flare
● hair care products
● treatment must be used regularly
● treatment is long term

17. How is acne treated?
There are several ways to treat acne. Each type of
treatment varies based on your age, the type of acne you
have and the severity. A healthcare provider might
recommend taking oral medications, using topical
medications or using medicated therapies to treat your
skin.
The goal of acne treatment is to stop new pimples from
forming and to heal the existing blemishes on your skin.

18. Topical acne medications
Your healthcare provider may recommend using a topical acne
medication to treat your skin. You can rub these medications
directly onto your skin as you would a lotion or a moisturizer.
These could include products that contain one of the following
ingredients:
● Benzoyl peroxide (e.g. Clearasil®, Stridex® and
PanOxyl®)
● Salicylic acid
● Retinoids (e.g. Retin-A®, Tazorac® and
Differin® )
● Antibiotics (e.g. clindamycin and
erythromycin )

19. Oral acne medications
● Antibiotics (e.g. tetracycline,
minocycline and doxycycline)
● Isotretinoin (e.g. Amnesteem®,
Claravis® and Sotret®)
● Contraceptives(e.g. Estrostep®,
Beyaz®, OrthoTri-Cyclen® and Yaz®)

20. Prevention
How can I prevent acne?
You can’t completely prevent acne, especially during
hormone changes, but you can reduce your risk of
developing acne by:
● Washing your face daily with warm water and
a facial cleanser.
● Using an oil-free moisturizer.
● Wearing “noncomedogenic” makeup products
and removing makeup at the end of each day.
● Keeping your hands away from your face.