Influencing factors on your FTTx architecture - FTTH Europe Conference 2018 workshop
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Overview of internal and external factors that impact the network architecture An operator chooses how to deploy its FTTH network. This is determined by the corporate strategy and is influenced by external market and regional factors. In this presentation we zoom in on these factors and strategic choices and examine the cost impact and practical implications of different architectures. We also look into real-life implementations from eir (Ireland) and Guifi-net (Spain).
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Influencing factors on your FTTx architecture - FTTH Europe Conference 2018 workshop
- 1. Influencing factors on architecture Overview and cost analysis
- 2. Influencing factors External Strategy Architecture choices Operator cases Guifi Net Eir Agenda
- 3. The Speakers Jonas Verstuyft Ramon Roca
- 4. Flanders: announcement by Minister of Innovation Muyters: ”We want a super-fast digital network that gives our companies a competitive advantage and gives all inhabitants in Flanders access to affordable digital applications from various competing operators.” Super-fast network for companies Access for all residential customers at affordable pricing Offers from various competing operators Strategic decisions imposed externally Translated from September announcement of the Flemish Government, interview with the Minister on Radio 1
- 5. What are the implications on your network architecture? How to interpret the statements?
- 7. External Competition Regulation PartnersAssets … External factors & Strategy Strategy Speed Service Area Model Long term …
- 8. Architecture Strategy External factors Architecture and its influencers CAPEX & OPEX
- 10. GIS Rural, suburban, urban,… Rules Network architecture Costs Material & Labour Bill of Material CAPEX Cost calculations methodology Bill of Material GIS Rules Costs
- 14. P2P • Guaranteed Throughput • Longer distance PON • Cheaper • Faster roll- out PON&P2P • Best of two worlds P2P vs PON
- 15. €- €1 000,00 €2 000,00 €3 000,00 €4 000,00 €5 000,00 €6 000,00 rural suburban Cost/HP comparison cost/HP P2P cost/HP PON PON Smaller cables Less splicing Less OLT ports in CO Impact architecture -9% -4,5%
- 17. Splitter location OLT Cabinet Centralised in Central Office Centralised in Cabinet Closure Closure Cascaded
- 18. 1:8 – 1:8 vs 1:64 Smaller cables in Distribution Cascaded vs Cabinet €- €1 000,00 €2 000,00 €3 000,00 €4 000,00 €5 000,00 €6 000,00 rural suburban Cost/HP comparison cost/HP cascaded cost/HP cabinet +9% +15%
- 19. FTTH PON 1:16 1:32 1:64 CO Cabinet 64 128 256 512 1024 Cascaded1:128 P2P PON & P2P Main decisions
- 20. Growing cabinet size Distribution cost up Larger cabinets More and bigger cables Feeder cost down Less cables Cluster size €4 640,00 €4 660,00 €4 680,00 €4 700,00 €4 720,00 €4 740,00 €4 760,00 €4 780,00 €4 800,00 €4 820,00 €4 840,00 €4 860,00 64 128 256 512 1024 Cost/HP Cabinet size Cost impact of cabinet size 2,5%
- 21. Impact density €4 640,00 €4 660,00 €4 680,00 €4 700,00 €4 720,00 €4 740,00 €4 760,00 €4 780,00 €4 800,00 €4 820,00 €4 840,00 €4 860,00 64 128 256 512 1024 Rural cost/HP €1 285,00 €1 290,00 €1 295,00 €1 300,00 €1 305,00 €1 310,00 €1 315,00 €1 320,00 €1 325,00 €1 330,00 €1 335,00 €1 340,00 64 128 256 512 1024 Suburban cost/HP
- 22. Impact Cable deployment Cable deployment Star Tree and branch Impact distribution costs €- €500,00 €1 000,00 €1 500,00 €2 000,00 €2 500,00 €3 000,00 €3 500,00 64 128 256 512 1024 Cost/HP Cabinet size Cost impact of cable deployment tree and branch star
- 23. Require a dedicated approach Basement splitters Incorporate in general architecture PON for MDUs
- 24. Cable deployment topology: Star, tree-and-branch Ducts: Direct buried, conventional ducts, microducts Trenching: Microtrenching, nanotrenching, digging Splicing or connectors … Aerial, Façade, Underground Deployment techniques
- 25. •1F per home •GPON (1:32) •Underground (40€/m) •Microducts ABF Underground reference design Cost/HP = 2.822 €
- 26. •Aerial cable •New Poles: •Reuse Poles: Aerial deployment 11% 20% 21% 26% 22% Public Trenching Home Drop Distribution Feeder Cost/HP = 985 € Cost/HP = 1.536 €
- 27. € 0 € 500 € 1 000 € 1 500 € 2 000 € 2 500 € 3 000 Underground Aerial (new poles) Aerial (reuse poles) Cost per home: Aerial vs Underground Cost/HP Summary -65%
- 28. Great way to lower cost External impact Allowed to place poles? Have poles available: own or leased? Region where poles are ok to use Aerial deployment 29
- 29. Capacity constraints Available capacity cables/ducts/manholes Maximum cables on poles Importance of Survey Existing ducts/Manholes: blockages? Capacity? Poles: Replacement? Capacity? Impact of reusing existing infrastructure
- 30. Redundancy
- 31. Ring topology 2 dedicated cable routes External Frequency of cable breaks Strategy Five nines 99.999% uptime Redundancy
- 32. €- €200,00 €400,00 €600,00 €800,00 €1 000,00 €1 200,00 €1 400,00 €1 600,00 €1 800,00 no rings feeder rings distribution rings cost/HP Redundancy +2,5% +29%
- 33. Only 2,5% extra cost? Close the gaps +2,5%
- 35. Reuse trenching
- 36. Spare capacity
- 37. Make future proof Need to install spare capacity Avoid expensive infrastructure works later on Easily expand to new areas or new technologies E.g. for 5G, new developments, single homes converted into MDUs Ducts Microducts, easily blow later on Cables Dark fibers Spare capacity
- 38. Cost /HP comparison – spare Ducts 0,00 € 500,00 € 1 000,00 € 1 500,00 € 2 000,00 € 2 500,00 € no spare 1 spare feeder duct 2 spare feeder duct 3 spare feeder duct 1 spare dist duct 2 spare dist ducts 3 spare dist ducts 4 spare dist ducts 5 spare dist ducts cost/HP
- 39. Feeder: spare fiber bundles 0,00 € 500,00 € 1 000,00 € 1 500,00 € 2 000,00 € 2 500,00 € no spare 1 spare feeder fiberbundle 2 spare feeder fiberbundles 3 spare feeder fiberbundles cost/HP
- 40. Drop costs Low adoption Keep deployment cost as low as possible High adoption Make activation as easy as possible Shift work needed to activate a customer Splicing? Plug-n-play? Trenching? Deployment - Activation
- 42. Aerial – drop length €- €1 000,00 €2 000,00 €3 000,00 €4 000,00 €5 000,00 €6 000,00 €7 000,00 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Cost per home connect comparison direct 150m
- 43. A lot of technical choices No single right choice Need for a detailed business case Impact of cost Equipment & Labour Conclusion Architecture Strategy External factors
- 44. Questions?
- 45. Operator example
- 46. How to make the right FTTH architecture choices February 13th FTTH Conference 2018, Valencia
- 47. Agenda 1. Who we are and what we are doing 2. Collaborative Ecosystem and Governance 3. Strategies and Good Practices while deploying FTTH for networks as in Commons
- 48. Agenda 1. Who we are and what we are doing 2. Collaborative Ecosystem and Governance 3. Strategies and Good Practices while deploying FTTH for networks as in Commons
- 50. History Internet for everyone By creating alternatives DIY → Communities → Bottom-Up guifi.net, since 2004 With a Foundation, since 2009 Non-profit, non-partisan, without conflicts of interest Commons Governance & to develop the ecosystem Scaling Noticeable & sustained growth Thousands of households Dozens of distributed Fibre PoPs around Catalonia Recognitions: 2007 Catalan National Award – category on Telecommunications 2015 European Broadband Award – category on innovative model of financing, business and investment Who we are
- 51. What we are doing • User Access / Last Mile • Goal: internet for everyone by, reaching everyone willing to… → requires last mile • Typically 90% of the total cost • Starting wireless • Later, extending to Fibre Optics: Aerial, conduits… • But that’s NOT all: We still have to interconnect, so we also need ….: • Territorial Transport • Needed for Last Mile deployments' interconnection • Reusing existing public infrastructures: Roads, Railways, Water pipes, Power lines, etc. • Full Transit • At the Carrier House and the Regional IX (CATNIX) • 4 x 10Gbps ports • Open Peering with almost all the ISPs present at the IX • Remaining with carriers (i.e. Cogent, NTT, Telia, Jazztel, ….)
- 52. What we are doing
- 53. Agenda 1. Who we are and what we are doing 2. Collaborative Ecosystem and Governance 3. Strategies and Good Practices while deploying FTTH for networks as in Commons
- 54. Foundation Common Pool Resource (CPR) Governance Public Administrations Manage Public Domains Professionals Provide services ISP – Generate Income from customers Infrastructure builders & maintainers Volunteers Contributing to the CPR Ecosystem
- 55. Expenditures declaration Public Criteria Information Economic compensation Balances Contributions CAPEX OPEX Resources usage Bandwidth, # of fibre connections, ... Clear return of investment & fair business models Compensations
- 56. Sustainable design Based on collaborative economy E. Ostrom (2009 Nobel Prize in Economics) principles Inclusive ecosystem (not extractive) Based on free market, but Non-speculative Fair trade Inclusive ecosystem (not extractive) win-win ecosystem Rises funding Enables economies of scale Accountable Implemented through Written consensus rules (license) Signed agreements Governance principles
- 57. Agenda 1. Who we are and what we are doing 2. Collaborative Ecosystem and Governance 3. Strategies and Good Practices while deploying FTTH for networks as in Commons
- 58. Let’s start by the beginning • Fibre / NNGN everywhere? Breaking topics: • Fibre is (by far) cheaper than drinkable water, gas or electricity • At 21st century does NOT make sense to say that is not profitable or viable: Actually NGN is the less costly utility
- 62. Agile & Iterative deployments
- 63. Leveraging 2014/61/UE • Leverage 2014/61/UE Directive (Cost Reduction) by maximizing the reuse of existing Infrastructures • Aerial posts • Existing ducts • Urban areas • Roads • Including drinkable water pipes • Avoid significant civil works • Opportunistic & Tactic approach • Aligned to demand. Demand = committed crowdfunding, not just “potential market”. Rurals might be more motivated for crowdfunding: • Distances are higher, but compensated: • Higher penetration rates • Happy to contribute to CAPEX • Aerial posts or other infrastructures already exists • Distance is not that expensive (3 subscribers per kilometer ratio)
- 64. Urban & Rural GPON • GPON “Best Practices” • “Best Practices” = not enforced, several entities deploying, but what provides best results • Up to 64 ONUs for splitted fibre, to ensure space for upgrading (using assuming max #128, up to 50%, to allow 2 OLTs on the same splitted fibre PON) • Creating Rings at OLT header (distribution point) for high availability • Splitters and #fibres depending from the territorial layout, but generally speaking: • 8 fibre splits, cascaded • 24 o 48 fibres per cable is typically enough to ensure both backbone & splitted GPON with single • Distance between splits variable depending on ONU density
- 65. Urban & Rural GPON • La Garrotxa as Example • Rural municipalities, < 1k inhab. Backbone & Splits (not the drops)
- 66. Ensure space for shared use • WHY • To reach all territories and providing same diversity of choices & similar cost to all citizens • Shared use of infrastructures is NOT just an option, is also a REQUIREMENT. • Technically and economically possible: • A well managed fibre can carry all needed Internet bandwidth • Better ROI by sharing (more users at the same infrastructure) • Overbuilding is unfortunately a common business practice due to speculation, but clearly a stupid practice in terms of real economics • To avoid speculative and/or anti-competitive practices: • Overbuilding, exhausting, unnecessary intermediation, …
- 67. Ensure space for shared use • HOW • Shareable bitstream mandatory, privative dark fibre, optional • Manage bitstream ENSURING that there is space for shared use that is managed in a way that never exhausts • Positive discrimination: Privative should be more expensive and restricted to availability (without compromising shared space).
- 68. Pay per use bitstream
- 69. No pricing on distance • WHY • Pricing distance instead of business or activity, creates digital divide at the territory and reduces the market: Penalizes • Less populated • Distant regions
- 70. Q&A
- 72. Rural Ireland Current progress 150k premises passed, 300k premises by the end of 2018 Layout: ribbon development housing houses built along the roads and not in hamlets
- 73. Need to keep fiber count low Weight reduction in splicing Architecture Aerial Cascaded 2 stage splitter architecture All-Dielectric Self-Supporting (ADSS) fibre cable Reuse bundles, 1 spare Rural broadband in Eir Primary Splitter 1:8 new fibre OLT Optical Line Terminal ODF Optical Distribution Frame exchange Secondary Splitter/FDP 1:4 Home Home
- 74. Keep deployment cost low Static architecture Everything is dimensioned in the initial design Spare capacity cable for future growth Spare capacity second splitters 3 poles for drop cable Utilization rate OLT ports: 65% Rural broadband in Eir
- 75. Static model No cabinets with points of flexibility Leverage existing FTTC network Use the spare fibers that have been put in place Reuse the cabinets Urban FTTH/GPON in Eir 77 OLT Optical Line Terminal ODF Optical Distribution Frame Splitter 1:32 Aggregation joint 1 x 96F to 6 or 12F FDP Fibre Distribution Point exchange distribution network drop Home feeder network existing existing NGA fibre New fibre
- 76. Architecture 1:32 splitter centralized where the fiber for FTTC ends Placed in manhole next to cabinet Cabinet serves 200-300 premises 12 homes per FDP reuse duct or aerial Not retiring the copper lines Need to remain for coming years Urban FTTH/GPON in Eir
- 77. Standardized architecture Easy for design and installation More efficient deployment Usage of new tools and equipment to lower costs and speed up deployment Eg. In current process easy to take out 1 fiber, before: splicing needed of all the fibers Conclusion
- 78. Questions?
- 79. Please fill out the feedback form Thank you