Increasing the Adoption of Public Transport Through Multi-Platform Social Networking

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This document discusses increasing adoption of public transport by promoting ridesharing. It notes current problems like low public transport usage and high personal vehicle usage. A survey found most respondents own cars and drive for commuting. Focus groups found that trust is important for ridesharing, and social networks could help develop indirect trust. The document proposes a system using social networks, calendars and maps to help people find ridesharing opportunities that match their travel needs and preferences.

Increasing the Adoption of Public Transport
Manas Tungare, Mithilesh Kumar, Yoon Lee, Gyuhyun Kwon, Pardha Pyla

Problems Social networks
•
• Low use of public transport Facebook
•
• High use of personal vehicles VT community
Social network Google Earth
• Low sharing of personal Multiple interfaces
Desktop
vehicles
• Wherever, whenever
General concerns • Serendipitous discovery
• Pollution RSS feeds Interfaces:
• Global warming
• Desktop, browser-based
• Trafﬁc congestion, etc.
• Notes in Facebook
iCalendar
• RSS feeds
• iCalendar feeds
• Google Earth overlay
• Desktop widgets
• Mobile phone web interface
Survey Results
Walll–sized display
• 105 participants Cellphone
• 82% own cars
• 70% age 19–26 years
• 54% driving for about 4–8 years
Not yet friends
Results from Focus Group
Travel Needs
• Trust is the most important
• Commute to work or school
factor for sharing a ride
• Visit parents
• Feedback about past journeys is
• Visit their signiﬁcant others
important to build trust
• Business
• Social networks are useful for
Factors that inﬂuence developing indirect, transitive
travel decisions trust relationships
Friends Friends
• •
Time of journey Users must specify travel
• Punctuality of schedule preferences to avoid conﬂicts
• •
Safety Women have more safety
• Parking concerns than men
• •
Cost Pollution and concern for the
• Comfort environment are important issues

Knowledge workers increasingly use multiple devices such as desktop computers, laptops, cell phones, and PDAs for personal information management (PIM) tasks. This paper presents the results of a study that examined users' mental workload in this context, especially when transitioning tasks from one device to another. In a preliminary survey of 220 knowledge workers, users reported high frustration with current devices' support for task migration, e.g. accessing files from multiple machines. To investigate further, we conducted a controlled experiment with 18 participants. While they performed PIM tasks, we measured their mental workload using subjective measures and physiological measures. Some systems provide support for transitioning users' work between devices, or for using multiple devices together; we explored the impact of such support on mental workload and task performance. Participants performed three tasks (Files, Calendar, Contacts) with two treatment conditions each (lower and higher support for migrating tasks between devices.) Workload measures obtained using the subjective NASA TLX scale were able to discriminate between tasks, but not between the two conditions in each task. Task-Evoked Pupillary Response, a continuous measure, was sensitive to changes within each task. For the Files task, a significant increase in workload was noted in the steps before and after task migration. Participants entered events faster into paper calendars than into an electronic calendar, though there was no observable difference in workload. For the Contacts task, time-on-task was equal, but mental workload was higher when no synchronization support was available between their cell phone and their laptop. Little to no correlation was observed between task performance and both workload measures, except in isolated instances. This suggests that neither task performance metrics nor workload assessments alone offer a complete picture of device usability in multi-device personal information ecosystems. Traditional usability metrics that focus on efficiency and effectiveness are necessary, but not sufficient, to evaluate such designs. Given participants' varying subjective perceptions of these systems and differences in task-evoked pupillary response, aspects of hot cognition such as emotion, pleasure, and likability show promise as important parameters in the evaluation of PIM systems.

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Increasing the Adoption of Public Transport Through Multi-Platform Social Networking

1. Increasing the Adoption of Public Transport Manas Tungare, Mithilesh Kumar, Yoon Lee, Gyuhyun Kwon, Pardha Pyla Problems Social networks • • Low use of public transport Facebook • • High use of personal vehicles VT community Social network Google Earth • Low sharing of personal Multiple interfaces Desktop vehicles • Wherever, whenever General concerns • Serendipitous discovery • Pollution RSS feeds Interfaces: • Global warming • Desktop, browser-based • Traffic congestion, etc. • Notes in Facebook iCalendar • RSS feeds • iCalendar feeds • Google Earth overlay • Desktop widgets • Mobile phone web interface Survey Results Walll–sized display • 105 participants Cellphone • 82% own cars • 70% age 19–26 years • 54% driving for about 4–8 years Not yet friends Results from Focus Group Travel Needs • Trust is the most important • Commute to work or school factor for sharing a ride • Visit parents • Feedback about past journeys is • Visit their significant others important to build trust • Business • Social networks are useful for Factors that influence developing indirect, transitive travel decisions trust relationships Friends Friends • • Time of journey Users must specify travel • Punctuality of schedule preferences to avoid conflicts • • Safety Women have more safety • Parking concerns than men • • Cost Pollution and concern for the • Comfort environment are important issues

Increasing the Adoption of Public Transport Through Multi-Platform Social Networking

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