TSPP is made through a neutralization process using phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide in a 2:1 molar ratio. TSPP exists in two food grade forms, the anhydrous form with the chemical formula Na4P2O7 and the decahydrate form with the chemical formula Na4P2O7 · 10H2O. TSPP is a white or granular powder that is soluble in water but insoluble in ethanol.